药用植物学考试试卷分析与评价

目的：分析和评估我校药学和中药学专业2006级药用植物学期束考试试鲞的质量,为改进药用植物学教学方法和提高考试试卷质量提供依据。方法：运用重庆医科大学开发的试卷分析系统对随机选取的45份试卷进行统计分析。结果：学生成绩呈偏态分布,平均分70.9分,标准差8.9,平均难度0.71,区分度0.21,信度0.6741。结论：本次考试的学生成绩呈偏态分布,试题率度合适,区分度适中,试卷可信、有效。     

AM ultrasound-modulated optical tomography with realtime FFT

We report on a novel ultrasound-modulated optical tomographic technique applied in dense tissue-simulating turbid media. A 1 MHz ultrasound beam is focused into the media to modulate and tag the scattering laser light passing through the ultrasonic focused zone. A 10 kHz sinusoidal wave, as a detection wave, is carried by the ultrasound beam through amplitude-modulation (AM). The scattering photons that come from the focused zone carry the modulated information, received by detector and demodulated by real-time fast Fourier transform (FFT). The optical tomographic images of the tissue simulating media and buried object are reconstructed with AM spectral intensity. This method can be applied to imaging three-dimensional tissue structures with different optical parameters. For the first time, we obtained the tomography of buried objects in biological tissue phantoms with a detecting depth of 30 mm.     

企业经济效益的因子分析综合评价法研究

针对我国企业经济效益的实际，以多元统计分析中的因子分析方法为数学工具，建立了综合评价的数学模型，对样品数据进行了分析，文章为企业经济效益的评价及探索其影响因素，提供了一种切实可行的有效的方法。     

相位法测距中精粗测量数据衔接方法的讨论

讨论了相位法光电测距中有关精、粗测量数据衔接方法的问题,给出了一种通用而可靠的精、粗测量数据衔接的新方法,并对两种数据衔接方法衔接所得结果给予了比较．     

论计算机技术对现代社会发展的影响

通过对计算机技术在科学计算、数据处理、计算机辅助技术、企业管理、人工智能、信息化几个方面发展和应用的探讨,分析了计算机技术对现代社会发展的影响,其中重点讨论了计算机技术发展带来的信息化对人类社会发展的影响.     

线路分闸时的电弧现象分析

文章主要分析了线路分闸时出现电弧现象的原因,以及它的特点和防制措施。     

浅谈公路危桥的加固方法

随着交通运输量大幅度增长,行车密度及车辆载重越来越大,现有道路中部分中小桥梁或由于当初设计标准低,经过一段时间的交通发展,荷载标准或桥上、桥下的净空不能满足新交通的需要,或结构陈旧老化、破损影响到它原有设计能力而危及运行的,严重影响了交通运输的发展。     

Surface pollen assemblages of human-disturbed vegetation and their relationship with vegetation and climate in Northeast China

Pollen assemblages of 53 surface pollen samples from farmlands and wastelands in Northeast China were analyzed. Tree pollen percentages were usually higher than 30%, with Pinus (26.9%), Quercus (0.9%), Betula (0.9%) and Populus (0.7%) as the major types, and herb pollen percentages were usually higher than 50%, with weedy Poaceae (8.7%), Chenopodiaceae (7.1%), Artemisia (1.9%) and Compositae (3.5%) as the major taxa. Thus, the pollen assemblages were consistent with the regional vegetation compositions. However, there were differences in pollen assemblages among regions, especially among different geomorphological units. For example, in the mountains, there were more types of tree pollen and higher total percentages (average 42%) than in other areas, while cereal pollen percentages were lowest (11.2%). In the hills and high plains, herbs made up more than 60% of the pollens, with cereals (average 53.6%) the dominant type. In the low plains, pollen types were similar to those in the hills and high plains, but total pollen concentrations and the proportion of Concentricystes were much higher, while cereal pollen percentages were slightly lower (average 41.6%). Pollen assemblages in different land use types also differed. For example, in farmland, cereal pollen percentages were more than 40% and Chenopodiaceae was usually less than 2.5%, while in wasteland, weedy Poaceae was usually less than 10% and Chenopodiaceae was usually higher than 25%. Total pollen concentrations in farmland (average 3909 grains/g) were much lower than in wasteland (average 15074 grains/g). Redundancy analysis revealed that pollen assemblages were significantly negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (-0.73) and July mean temperature (-0.81) and significantly positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (0.48), indicating that pollen assemblages in the artificial or human-disturbed vegetation reflect regional climate well. Comparison of pollen assemblages in different areas of northern China showed that pollen concentrations reflect the intensities of human impact to some degree. For example, pollen concentrations decrease as human impacts increase in intensity. The cereal pollen proportions in farmland differed by area. In Northeast China, cereal pollen proportions were distinctly higher than in most other areas of northern China, suggesting differences in planting habits and climate.     

绳驱动并联打磨机构模糊控制策略

船舶坞修作为维护和修复船舶结构的关键环节,在船舶行业中扮演着重要的角色。然而,目前船舶坞修时表面打磨过程依赖于传统的人工作业,存在着效率低、工时长、危险性高等问题。为此,提出了一种新型绳驱动式打磨机构,该机构采用四根绳索驱动打磨装置实现三自由度的运动。首先,通过拉格朗日法建立系统的动力学模型;然后在动力学模型的基础上提出了一种带有绳索张力优化项的Fuzzy-PID(proportional integral derivative)控制策略,该控制策略可以实现精确的轨迹跟踪并保证绳索处于张紧状态;最后,通过数值仿真验证所提控制策略的有效性。结果表明,和绳牵引并联机器人上常用的PID控制相比,所提控制策略控制精度提高25%,具有较高的控制精度和稳定性。本文提出的绳驱动式打磨机构及其控制策略可为大型结构件表面处理和精密制造等应用提供一定理论支持。     

身管弯曲度测量方法的研究

该文利用光电位置传感器，半导体激光器，数据采集卡及计算机等组成的检测系统对身管弯曲度进行了测量。多次重复伯结果表明，该方法与以往人工读数方法相比具有测量精度高，测量处理速度快，自动化程度高，安装调试简单等优点。