Uptake of C14-para-fluorophenylalanine in the tissues of mice

Zusammenfassung Trächtigen Mäusen wurde 2 Tage vor dem Ende der Schwangerschaft 3-C¹⁴-para-Fluorphenylalanin, eine dem Phenylalaninin analoge Aminosäure, i.v. injiziert. Die Verteilung der Substanz im Organismus und ihr Einbau in die Proteine wurde gleichzeitig autoradiographisch und chemisch untersucht.Aus den Autoradiogrammen geht hervor, dasspara-Fluorphenylalanin im Organismus wie eine normale Aminosäure verteilt wird. Die chemischen Untersuchungen zeigen, dass ein grosser Teil der Substanz in die Proteine eingebaut wird.Wir schliessen daraus, dass sichpara-Fluorphenylalanin im Stoffwechsel gleich oder sehr ähnlich verhält wie die physiologisch vorkommende Aminosäure Phenylalanin.     

A study of irrigation fluids for neurosurgery on brain primary cell cultures

Summary Primary cell cultures from newborn rat brain hemispheres were exposed to different irrigation fluids used in neurosurgery. The cells died after incubation for 5 min with hydrogen peroxide, and the number of cells was drastically decreased after 10 sec of incubation. They shrank after incubation in Elliott's artificial cerebrospinal fluid for 3 h, but the viability as determined by trypan blue exclusion test was not affected. Physiological sodium chloride, Ringer's solution and the culture medium 199 with Hank's salt had no noticeable effect on the viability or morphology of the cells.Acknowledgments. This study was supported by grants from the Medical Faculty of Göteborg and from Statens Naturvetenskapliga Forskningsråd. We want to thank Dr Åke Sellström and Dr Hans-Arne Hansson for valuable discussions.     

Values in pure and applied science

In pure science, the standard approach to non-epistemic values is to exclude them as far as possible from scientific deliberations. When science is applied to practical decisions, non-epistemic values cannot be excluded. Instead, they have to be combined with (value-deprived) scientific information in a way that leads to practically optimal decisions. A normative model is proposed for the processing of information in both pure and applied science. A general-purpose corpus of scientific knowledge, with high entry requirements, has a central role in this model. Due to its high entry requirements, the information that it contains is sufficiently reliable for the vast majority of practical purposes. However, for some purposes, the corpus needs to be supplemented with additional information, such as scientific indications of danger that do not satisfy the entry requirements for the corpus. The role of non-epistemic values in the evaluation of scientific information should, as far as possible, be limited to determining the level of evidence required for various types of practical decisions.     

Gastric excretion of C14-nicotine

Zusammenfassung Der Übertritt von C¹⁴-Nicotin aus der Magenschleimhaut von Mäusen, Ratten und Katzen in den Mageninhalt wurde autoradiographisch und mit Radioaktivitätsmessungen untersucht. Perfusionsversuche des Rattenmagens in situ ergaben eine pH-abhängige Nikotinausscheidung. Chromatographisch wurde die ausgeschiedene Radioaktivität teils im Nikotin selber, teils im Abbauprodukt Cotinin nachgewiesen.

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This investigation was supported by grants from Svenska Tobaks AB and the American Medical Association.     

Electrochemical synthesis of cysteinyldopas

Summary A fast and inexpensive method for the synthesis of mon- and dicysteinyldopas is described. Dopa is oxidized by electrochemical techniques, and cysteine is then added to give cysteinyldopas.Acknowledgment. This investigation has been supported by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (project 626-B80-08XB and 626-B80-08P).