风险投资能筛选并培育优质企业吗?——基于中国创业板的模糊断点回归分析

风险投资（venture capital，简称VC）能否筛选出优质企业进行投资并促进被投企业的业绩改善，是判断新兴市场国家风险投资行业是否成熟的一个重要标志.对于这一问题，针对国内市场的研究匮乏.本文以中国创业板上市企业为研究样本，研究VC能否筛选出优质企业以及能否为被投企业带来业绩改善，并进一步探讨其作用机制.研究发现：1）基于逻辑回归，VC未必能筛选出优质的企业，表现为企业业绩变量回归系数不显著；2）基于模糊断点回归进行内生性调整后，VC能够促进被投企业的发展，对被投企业的业绩改善有正向作用；3）从经营效益和创新角度研究VC影响企业业绩的潜在机制发现：一方面，VC降低了被投企业的销售成本率，提高了企业的经营效益；另一方面，VC的进入为被投企业带来行业经验和资源等，促进被投企业技术或商业模式的创新，从而有助于改善企业的经营业绩.本文实证结果表明国内VC具有"增值"作用，能够创造经济价值，但不具有"筛选"作用，揭示了VC对被投企业业绩的影响及潜在作用机制，为VC能促进被投企业的发展提供了新的实证参考.研究结果对于企业、风险投资机构和政策制定者具有借鉴意义和参考价值.     

抗滑桩对边坡桥梁桩基受力变形影响分析

当桥梁桩基设置在滑坡上时,常采用抗滑桩作为支挡结构,抗滑桩和桥梁桩基之间存在着相互作用。本文以子-姚高速崖坬沟3号大桥为研究背景,对桥梁桩基及抗滑桩的桩顶位移及桩侧土压力进行监测,分析抗滑桩与桥梁桩基相对位置改变对桥梁桩基受力变形的影响。同时,基于ABAQUS软件分析前后排抗滑桩不同埋置位置下抗滑桩对坡脚桥梁桩基及坡中桥梁桩基的影响。现场监测数据表明抗滑桩与桥梁桩基相对位置对桥梁桩基水平位移及桩侧土压力均有影响,在抗滑桩距离桥基8m和4m时,间距8m加固效果更佳。通过数值模拟,发现后排抗滑桩距离桥梁桩基过远或过近均对桥梁桩基加固效果有限,抗滑桩加固桥梁桩基存在一个最佳距离,对于坡脚桥梁桩基抗滑桩加固最佳距离为3h-5h（h是抗滑桩沿滑坡走向的截面长度）,对于坡中桩抗滑桩加固最佳距离为2h-4h,而前排抗滑桩离桥基越近其加固效果越好。如果桥梁桩基在坡体中上部时,桥梁桩基前部土体较多可能会形成牵引式滑坡,需设置前排抗滑桩进行支护,综合考虑确定合理的加固位置。     

基于语料库的虚拟语气研究简

基于语料库的虚拟语气研究表明：中国英语学习者在使用虚拟语气方面并不理想,不同水平学习者在使用上存在差异,学习者的英语水平与误用的频率正相关,产生误用的原因主要是语际迁移,语内迁移、教学失误等.     

时序法在焊缝损伤诊断方面的应用

初步探讨如何采取时间序列分析的方法对焊接结构、焊缝的缺陷进行诊断,并获得能够反映系统状态的参数,从而判断出焊缝质量的不同情况.     

低渗透挥发油藏回注溶解气开发注采参数界限

低渗透挥发油藏回注溶解气在开发初期地层压力较高,存在“采油易,注气难”,随着地层压力的降低,开发中后期又会出现“采油难,注气易”的情况。因此,明确注采参数的界限是制定开发技术政策的前提。本文通过建立注采参数界限模型,推导得到已知地层压力下的最大采油速度、最大回注比以及临界压力的表达式,结合实例油藏绘制注采界限图版,研究了多因素对注采参数界限的影响规律并提出开发技术政策建议。结果表明,注采参数界限及图版准确可靠,能够反映实际生产情况;注采参数界限受注采能力、地层压力、采油速度、井网类型、井网密度等因素的影响,并且存在相应规律;溶解气应尽量全部回注,适当增大井网密度,在开发初期提高注气井比例,并根据回注比确定采油速度,在开发中后期降低注气井比例,提高采油速度,从而保障高质高效开发。     

含有氨基酸基团的聚(ε-己内酯)合成与表征

采用氨基酸钠游离的氨基引发ε-己内酯单体开环得到酯肽齐聚物,并以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯为扩链剂,将这些齐聚物扩链合成4种聚酯酰胺.将4种天然氨基酸(L-丙氨酸、L-亮氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-赖氨酸)引入到聚(ε-己内酯)(poly(ε-caprolactone),PCL)中,合成和表征了4种含有氨基酸残基的聚合物.通过1H-NMR、FT-IR、水接触角、水吸收率和降解实验对该聚酯酰胺进行了表征.实验结果表明:经氨基酸改性PCL的亲水性和降解性得到了改善,其中含有L-赖氨酸残基的聚酯酰胺因亲水性最高,降解速率最快.     

DanHong Injection inhibits the development of primary abdominal aortic aneurysms in apoE knockout mice

Clinical observations indicate that DanHong Injection （DHI） can increase blood flow and reduce various syndromes in patients with cardiovascular disease. How- ever, it still needs to define the function of DHI and the involved mechanisms in details, such as the protective effect on the development of primary abdominal aortic aneurysms （AAAs）. In this study, we determined whether DHI is able to inhibit AAA in apoE knockout （apoE-/-） mice. Thirty apoE-/- male mice on high-fat diet （0.5 % cholesterol, 21% fat） were randomly divided into two groups and received i.p. injection of saline （100 μL/day） and DHI （100 μL/day）, respectively, for 16 weeks. At the end of experiment, we determined the development of atherosclerosis in en face aorta and aneurysms,pathological morphology of arterial wall, and serum lipid levels. We also determined the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA in aortic wall using real-time RT-PCR. Our results indicated that high-fat diet induced the development of AAAs in apoE-/- mice, but the induction was totally blocked by DHI （P 〈 0.01）. The result of staining of abdominal aortic cross sections showed that DHI main- tained the collagen content in arterial wall, thereby pre- venting the animals from the development of AAA. Although DHI had little effect on serum total- and LDL- cholesterol levels, it reduced the expression of MCP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA in aortic wall （P 〈 0.01）. Taken together, our study suggests that DHI can inhibit the high-fat diet-induced AAA formation. The inhibitory effects may be related to the maintenance of the collagen content and inhibition of expression of AAA-related genes. Our study may suggest a new application of DHI in clinics.     

MiR-205 inhibits the invasion and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by modulating SMAD1 expression

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of metastasis inhibition by miR-205 in ESCC. In microRNA （miRNA） array and quantitative RT-PCR analyses, we found that the expression level of miR-205 was significantly lower in patients with lymph node metastasis compared with that in patients without lymph node metastasis. After transfection of miR-205 mimics or inhibitors into ESCC cell lines, a significant negative correlation was observed between the expression level of miR-205 and Smad 1. In luciferase reporter assays, we revealed that miR- 205 inhibited the expression of SMAD1 by targeting the 3＇ untranslated region （3＇-UTR） of SMAD1 mRNA in ESCC cells. Furthermore, our results showed that miR-205 sup- pressed the invasion and migration of ESCC cells, whereas Smadl increased their invasion and migration. Taken together, our study demonstrates that miR-205 functions as a suppressor of tumor metastasis by regulating SMAD1 expression through targeting the 3＇-UTR of SMAD1 mRNAin ESCC. Therefore, miR-205 may be a potential therapeutic target for miRNA-based therapy of ESCC.     

Nanoscale structural and electronic evolution for increased efficiency in polymer solar cells monitored by electric scanning probe microscopy

Control of blend morphology at multi-scale is critical for optimizing the power conversion efficiency （PCE） of plastic solar cells. To better understand the physics of photoactive layer in the organic photovoltaic devices, it is necessary to gain understanding of morphol- ogy and the corresponding electronic property. Herein we report the correlation between nanoscale structural, electric properties of bulk heterojunction （BHJ） solar cells and the annealing-induced PCE change. We demonstrate that the PCE of BHJ solar cells are dramatically improved （from 1.3 % to 4.6 %） by thermal annealing, which results from P3HT crystalline stacking and the PCBM aggregation for interpenetrated network. The similar trend for annealing- induced photovoltage and PCE evolution present as an initial increase followed by a decrease with the annealing time and temperature. The surface roughness increase slowly and then abruptly after the same inflection points observed for photovoltage and PCE. The phase images in electric force microscopy indicate the optimized P3HT and PCBM crystallization for interpenetrating network formation considering the spectroscopic results as well. From the correlation between surface photovoltage, blend morphology, and PCE, we propose a model to illustrate the film structure and its evolution under different annealing conditions. This work would benefit the better design and optimization of the morphology and local electric proper- ties of solar cell active layers for improved PCE.     

Micro/-nanoscaled topography-coupled-mechanical action into functional biointerface

The micro/-nanoscaled functional biointerfaces aroused much interest of their key unit element to present unique functions. So far it is still difficult to describe the whole picture of this process. More and more evidences are beginning to support the theory of ‘‘mirco/-nanotopography-coupled-mechanical(TCM) action' into functional biointerfaces.Herein, we aim to highlight TCM action on varied micro/-nanoscaled functional biointerfaces, namely to achieve better understanding of micro/-nanoscaled structures by introducing interfacial mechanical behaviors. In this article, recent progressions on ‘‘TCM on air/liquid/solid-phase biointerfaces in nature', ‘‘in vivo TCM behaviors at micro/-nanoscales' ',‘‘TCM in micro/-nanoscaled artificial surface with living Cells' ' and ‘‘topography, interfacial curvature, mechanics' 'are reviewed. Certain new concepts of ‘‘TCM action based on spatial curvature', ‘‘medically functional biointerfaces' ' and‘‘biomechanopharmacology' are also proposed.