Inhibiting effect of melittin on pathogens of crops

The spectrum of antimicrobial effects of melittin were investigated on 19 pathogens by using a cylin-der-plate method with serial dilutions. Bacteriostatic efficiency and possible mechanistic effects were monitored via growth curves. The mechanism of inhibition was further analyzed by SDS-PAGE, flow cytometry and electron microscopy. Melittin had a wide inhibition spectrum and killed pathogens ef-fectively, and bacteriostatic action was influenced by factors such as pH and temperature. We eluci-dated three inhibitory mechanisms: melittin integrated with the cell membrane causing cell bursting and cytoplasm release, inhibited the synthesis of proteins and caused the cytoplasm to condense, and delayed pathogens in phase I (or phase G1) so that they could not complete the cell cycle. These re-sults suggest that melittin could serve as a broad-spectrum biological pesticide with fast-action and high-efficiency.     

中国东部地区一个中尺度对流涡旋的涡度收支分析

中尺度对流涡旋(MCV),与其他中尺度涡旋不同,有着其独特的动力机制与发展途径.一旦MCV形成,极易产生灾害性天气过程.为了解我国的MCV,使用非静力中尺度模式天气预报和研究模式对中国东部2003年7月4至5日降水过程进行了高分辨率的双向三重嵌套的数值模拟.与观测资料比较,模拟结果较为准确地再现了当时的大气状况.采用了空间滤波的方法对模式结果进行了大尺度背景场与中尺度扰动场的尺度分离,对MCV的结构与移动进行分析,并追随MCV的活动对其的涡度收支情况进行诊断分析.分析表明,大尺度背景场与中尺度扰动场对MCV的作用有着明显的差异.MCV的移动由大尺度背景风场引导;其中辐合作用直接决定了MCV的形成与发展,大尺度水平运动对中尺度涡度的水平输送为水平平流项的主要部分.而由垂直风速的水平变化所导致的水平涡度的倾斜作用在此MCV形成与发展阶段作用并不明显.成熟时的MCV与成熟时的中尺度对流复合体类似有着3个明显的环流,在对流层高层与低层均为辐散反气旋性环流,对流层中层则为较为深厚的气旋性环流.     

废弃印刷线路板超临界CO2回收实验研究

研究了以超临界CO2回收处理废弃印刷线路板的工艺过程，实验表明在270℃、35MPa和4h的反应条件下，线路板各材料层分离效果明显，金属材料层和玻璃纤维强化层可以很容易地实现各自的高效率回收再利用．分析了温度、压力、反应时间对线路板分层效果的影响，采用ANSYS8．0软件分析了超临界流体环境下印刷线路板内部的应力分布．实验结果表明：线路板分层的直接原因是由于高温高压产生的内部应力以及树脂层粘结材料被超临界流体破坏；分层效果受温度影响较大．     

半一致空间上最优化问题

提出半一致结构的概念,验证半一致结构上所有环境的交是一个偏序关系;给出半一致空间上极值的定义和等价条件;最后在半一致空间上给出最优化问题的一般模型,并将下半连续泛函在紧集上可达到下确界定理推广到半一致空间上.     

Multi-objective carrier chaotic evolutionary algorithm for DNA sequences design

DNA computing is a new vista of computation, which is of biochemical type. Since each piece of information is encoded in biological sequences, their design is crucial for successful DNA computation. DNA sequence design is involved with a number of design criteria, which is difficult to be solved by the traditional optimization methods. In this paper, the multi-objective carrier chaotic evolution algorithm (MCCEA) is introduced to solve the DNA sequence design problem. By merging the chaotic search base on power function carrier, a set of good DNA sequences are generated. Furthermore, the simulation results show the efficiency of our method.     

乙烯低聚催化剂的研究进展

α-烯烃是重要的原料，乙烯低聚是合成α-烯烃最主要的方法。本文综述了国内外乙烯低聚催化剂的研究进展，重点介绍了锆、铁、镍金属催化剂。     

中华绒螯蟹酚氧化酶原系统与颤抖病的关系

近年来,颤抖病给中华绒螯蟹养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失.酚氧化酶原系统是甲壳动物最主要的体液免疫系统,当外源微生物侵入体内时,它发挥最基本的免疫防御作用来抵抗感染.酚氧化酶原系统的变化是蟹类健康状况的重要指标.prophenoloxidase和peroxinectin是酚氧化酶原系统中两个重要的体液免疫分子.实验从分子和蛋白两个水平研究了中华绒螯蟹酚氧化酶原系统与颤抖病的关系,建立了一种新的通过测定酚氧化酶原系统活性来判断蟹体质状况的方法.在分子水平上,中华绒螯蟹体液免疫分子prophenoloxidase和peroxinectin的部分基因序列被克隆和测序,并检测出这两种分子mRNA水平的表达情况与颤抖病的感染程度呈正相关,患病组蟹mRNA的表达水平远高于正常组;在蛋白水平上,酚氧化酶的活性被测定,在正常情况下,蟹体内酚氧化酶活性处于低水平状态,当被感染颤抖病后,酚氧化酶活性有一定程度的升高.这些结果提示了酚氧化酶原系统在抗颤抖病感染时起重要作用,为进一步研究预防和治疗颤抖病的新途径提供了理论依据.     

Spatial differences in rock uplift rates inferred from channel steepness indices along the northern flank of the Qilian Mountain, northeast Tibetan Plateau

The rate and distribution of deformation along the Qilian Mountain, on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, is needed to understand the evolution of high topography associated with the plateau. Recently, a number of empirical studies have provided support for the contention, common to most models of fluvial incision, that rock uplift rate exerts a first-order control on the gradient of longitudinal river profiles. Along the northern Qilian Mountain, this method is used to extract information about the spatial patterns of differential rock uplift. Analysis of the longitudinal profiles of bedrock channels reveals systematic differences in the channel steepness index along the trend of the frontal ranges. Local comparisons of channel steepness reveal that lithology and precipitation have limited influence on channel steepness. Similarly, there is little evidence suggesting that channel steepness is influenced by differences in the sediment loads. We argue that the distribution of channel steepness in the Qilian Mountain is mostly the result of differential rates of rock uplift. Thus, channel steepness indices reveal a lower rock uplift rate in the eastern portion of the Qilian Mountain and a higher rate in the middle and west. The highest rates appear to occur in the middle-west portions of the range, just to the west of the Yumu Shan.     

Iron-catalyzed benzylation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds by simple toluene derivatives

An iron-catalyzed oxidative C-C bond formation by the reactions of simple toluene derivatives with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds is developed.A benzylic radical addition to a benzoylmethanato iron species is proposed for the transformation.     

Synthesis of stable 2-sulfoniophenolate

A series of novel stable 2-sulfoniophenolates (5a-5e, 7a, 7b) were synthesized for the first time by the reactions of 3, 7-dinitrodibenzobromolium bisulfate (3) with some sulfoxides and the reactions of 3,7-dinitrodibenzocycloiodonium salts (6a, 6b) with dimethyl sulfoxide under basic condition. Their structures were established by elemental analysis, NMR, MS, IR, etc. The role of the amine (or other basic compounds, such as NaOH, Na₂CO₃, etc.) in the reactions was discussed. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed, by which a dissymmetric substituted benzyne was presumed to be the reaction intermediate.