基于DEA模型的中国石油企业科技效率研究

运用DEA投入导向模型,根据2000—2011年公开数据,选取科研与开发投入占总销售收入的比例、总资产、总资产周转率和资产负债率作为投入指标,选取油气探明储量、净资产收益率、净利润和总收入作为产出指标,以中石油、中石化以及中海油三大巨头为例,对我国石油企业的科技效率水平进行综合评价,并提出了提高我国石油企业科技效率的建议.     

河南伏牛山区典型森林植被乔木层生物量研究

选择伏牛山国家级自然保护区的五种典型植被类型作为研究对象,对15块临时样方内的乔木树种,分别测量出树高,胸径等因子,通过异速生长模型进行不同乔木树种生物量测定,进一步进行分析.结果表明,在选取的五种典型森林植被中,生物量大小依次为落叶针叶林落叶阔叶林针阔混交林常绿针叶林锐齿槲栎林.在落叶针叶林中,日本落叶松各个器官生物量在总的生物量所占比重从大到小依次为树干树根树枝树皮树叶.这一生物量分配格局既有利于日本落叶松的自身生长,也体现了对环境的适应性.在落叶针叶林、落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林、常绿针叶林、锐齿槲栎林中,乔木树种的地上生物量均大于地下生物量,尤其是对于落叶针叶林来说,地上生物量远远大于地下生物量.     

2004—2012年河南五地市粮食产量影响因子的灰色关联分析

选择了农业从业人员、农业机械总动力、农村用电量、农用化肥使用折纯量、农用塑料薄膜使用量、农药使用量、粮食作物播种面积、粮食单产等8个因子,运用灰色关联分析方法,对河南省周口、信阳、商丘、驻马店、南阳五地市2004—2012年粮食产量进行关联性分析.结果表明,8个因子对这5个地市粮食产量影响排名差别较大,基于此,提出粮食增产稳产的建议.     

RP-HPLC法测定新乡种植红豆杉树皮中的三尖杉宁碱

利用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)(Agilent TC-C18色谱柱(250.0 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-水(51∶49);流速:1.0 mL/min;检测波长:227 nm,柱温:25℃),测定了新乡种植红豆杉树皮中三尖杉宁碱的含量.结果表明,三尖杉宁碱的线性范围为:0.04~1.4μg,r=0.999;平均回收率为100.40%,RSD=1.07%.首次测定新乡种植红豆杉树皮中三尖杉宁碱平均含量(质量分数)为0.036 0%(n=5).本法操作简便、准确、重现性好,为新乡种植红豆杉提取三尖杉宁碱的测定及其质量控制的提供了方法依据.     

EMG oscillator model-based energy kernel method for characterizing muscle intrinsic property under isometric contraction

This paper presents a new method for estimating the isometric contraction force and the characterization of muscle’s intrinsic property.The method,called the energy kernel method,starts with converting the electromyography(EMG)signal into planar phase portraits,on which the elliptic distribution of the state points is named as the energy kernel,while that formed by the noise signal is called the noise kernel.Based on such stochastic features of the phase portraits,we approximate the EMG signal within a rectangular window as a harmonic oscillator(EMG oscillator).The study establishes the relationship between the energy of control signal(EMG)and that of output signal(force/power),and a characteristic energy is proposed to estimate the muscle force.On the other hand,the natural frequencies of the noise and the EMG signal can be attained with the energy kernel and noise kernel.In this way,the direct signal–noise recognition and separation can be accomplished.The results show that the representativeness of the characteristic energy toward the force is satisfactory,and the method is very robust since it combines the advantages of both RMS and MPF.Moreover,the natural frequency of the EMG oscillator is not governed by the MU firing rate of a specific muscle,indicating that this frequency correlates with the intrinsic property of muscle.The physical meanings of the model provide new insights into the understanding of EMG.     

Functionalized graphene oxide based on p-phenylenediamine as spacers and nitrogen dopants for high performance supercapacitors

p-Phenylenediamine （PPD） functionalized graphene oxide （GO） materials （PPDG） were prepared through a one-step solvothermal process and their appli-cation as supercapacitors （SCs） were studied. The PPD is not only as the spacers to prevent aggregating and re-stacking of the graphene sheets in the preparing process but also as nitrogen sources to obtain the nitrogen-doped graphene. The structures of PPDG were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy （XRD）, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and the results show that the nitrogen-doped graphene was achieved with nitrogen content as high as 10.85 at.%. The field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM） and high resolu-tion transmission electron microscopy （HR-TEM） have confirmed that the morphologies of PPDG were looselayered with less aggregation, indicating that PPD mole-cules, as spacers, effectively prevent the graphene sheets from restacking during the solvothermal reaction. The special loose textures make PPDG materials exhibit excellent electrochemical performance for symmetric SCs with superior specific capacitance （313 F/g at 0.1 A/g）, rate capability and cycling stability. The present synthesis method is convenient and may have potential applications as ultrahigh performance SCs.     

Orbit determination of Chang＇E-3 and positioning of the lander and the rover

Chang＇E-3 landed on the east of Sinus Iridum area on December 14, 2013, performing China＇s first successful soft landing on the lunar surface. We present the results on precision orbit determination and positioning of the lander and the rover. We and methods used to achieve period December 2-21, 2014. describe the data, modeling, position knowledge over the In addition to the radiometric X-band range and Doppler tracking data, delta differential one-way ranging data are also used in the calculation, which show that they strongly improve the accuracy of the orbit reconstruction. Total position overlap differences are about 20 and 30m for the 100km × 100km and 100 kmx 15 km lunar orbit, respectively, increased by ,- 50 % with respect to CE-2 and at the same level as other lunar spacecrafts of recent era such as SELENE and lunar reconnaissance orbiter （LRO）. The position error of the soft landing trajectory is less than 100 m. A kinematic statistical method is applied to determine the position of the lander and relative position of the rover with respect to the lander. The position difference of the lander is better than 50 m compared to LRO photograph result. Compared with the delta very long baseline interferometry （VLBI） group delay between the lander and the rover, the delta VLBI phase delay can improve the relative position of the rover from ～ 1,000 to ～1 m.     

饮用水中氯代乙酰胺的细胞毒性和遗传毒性

通过细胞增殖实验、单细胞凝胶电泳实验、细胞凋亡实验和细胞周期阻滞实验分别测定了3种氯代乙酰胺(CAcAms)的细胞毒性和遗传毒性,同时结合饮用水中CAcAms的实际浓度水平,分析了3种CAcAms在饮用水中的毒性风险.结果表明,一氯乙酰胺(MCAcAm)在饮用水厂中的浓度低于二氯乙酰胺(DCAcAm)和三氯乙酰胺(TCAcAm),但由于MCAcAm的毒性较大,其在饮用水厂中的毒性风险高于DCAcAm和TCAcAm.相对于氯消毒,氯胺消毒后的饮用水中CAcAms的浓度较高,从而CAcAms造成的细胞毒性和遗传毒性风险也较高.     

健坤胶囊渗漉提取工艺研究

目的:筛选健坤胶囊渗漉提取工艺条件。方法:以白头翁皂苷B4、盐酸小檗碱、蛇床子素等的转移率为评价指标,采用单因素平行设计及多因素正交设计方法逐级优化健坤胶囊提取工艺。结果:最佳渗漉工艺条件为:30倍量70%乙醇,浸渍24h,流速为0.5mL/min。结论:该提取工艺稳定、重现性好,可作为本品的提取方法。     

颖学弘敏在奉新的经历考述

颖学弘敏系青原下三十七世、曹洞宗三十世传人,是传授八大山人“正法”并与其弟子在奉新头陀寺和耕香院共处时间达15年以上的禅门大德,对八大山人的影响可谓至深至远.为了探究八大山人成长经历,文章采用考证的方法,对颖学弘敏的人生轨迹、承传关系、禅门事迹三个问题进行了全面的探讨,作出了师徒二人在奉新的头陀寺和耕香院共同生活了15年的结论,对进一步研究八大山人的成长成历、生平事迹和艺术成就有重要的参考价值.