第四纪孢粉分析中古气温、古降水指数的计算方法──以成都锦江一级阶地研究为例

本文探讨如何应用孢粉分析提供的孢粉谱（孢粉植物种类和百分含量）求取第四纪气温指数（植物生态气温指数，孢粉含量温度指数和样品年均气温指数－古气温指数）和降水指数（植物生态降水指数，孢粉含量降水指数和样品年均降水指数－古降水指数）等古气候指示参数的方法。文中不仅介绍了各概念的含义和计算原理，而且介绍了计算方法和修正计算值的方法，并以成都平原锦江一级阶地孢粉分析作为应用实例，论述了成都地区中晚全新世气候特征、演变过程和规律。     

黑线姬鼠、锡金小家鼠和高山姬鼠洞穴结构研究

１９８９～１９９１年间笔者在黔西北地区调查农田鼠害时，共挖掘剖析黑线姬鼠洞穴４８个，锡金小家鼠洞穴２４个，高山姬鼠洞穴９个．这３种鼠类的洞穴基本结对均主要由巢明、明洞和暗洞组成，但无便食结构，也未发现有储粮仓及所储藏的粮食。区别这３种鼠类洞穴结构的主要特点是洞口和洞道的排列位置。     

一种新型成膜封堵材料的研究及应用

在泥页岩钻井过程中,为了防止钻井液中滤液和固相颗粒对地层的危害,开发了一种新型的成膜封堵材料PF-FPA。利用不同粒级的刚性颗粒、可变型纤维及成膜剂复配,在钻井压差作用下成膜剂能够在近井壁地带、裂缝处快速成膜;刚性粒子和可变型纤维能在裂缝处填充架桥,降低了钻井液滤失量,有效地保护油气层。在实验室内,与国外知名封堵材料FLC2000对比后发现,开发的封堵材料能够达到国际先进水平。现场应用的情况表明,该封堵材料能够良好的与现场钻井液体系配伍,在现场无复杂情况发生,作业安全可靠。     

不同生长期赤芝的药效品质及主要药效成分的研究

对段木栽培不同生长期的赤芝水煎液样品,分别进行小鼠负重游泳试验、戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠睡眠试验、小鼠急性缺血性缺氧试验、对S180荷瘤小鼠瘤重影响试验及对PC12细胞分化影响试验,并分别测定其多糖和三萜的含量.研究发现,赤芝菌柄期的样品对戊巴比妥钠所致的小鼠睡眠时间有一定的延长作用,对急性脑缺血性耐缺氧的小鼠的喘气时间有显著的增加,并对PC12细胞分化影响最为明显,赤芝子实体期的样品能明显延长小鼠负重游泳时间,抑制S180荷瘤小鼠瘤重.结论：在以后赤芝的精深加工中,应根据实际需要确定其最适采收期.     

Inductive transfer learning for unlabeled target-domain via hybrid regularization

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in transfer learning. This paper deals with the classification problem that the target-domain with a different distribution from the source-domain is totally unlabeled, and aims to build an inductive model for unseen data. Firstly, we analyze the problem of class ratio drift in the previous work of transductive transfer learning, and propose to use a normalization method to move towards the desired class ratio. Furthermore, we develop a hybrid regularization framework for inductive transfer learning. It considers three factors, including the distribution geometry of the target-domain by manifold regularization, the entropy value of prediction probability by entropy regularization, and the class prior by expectation regularization. This framework is used to adapt the inductive model learnt from the source-domain to the target-domain. Finally, the experiments on the real-world text data show the effectiveness of our inductive method of transfer learning. Meanwhile, it can handle unseen test points.     

Palaeoenvironmental changes from pollen record in deep sea core PC-1 from northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea during the past 24 ka

A pollen record of core PC-1 from the northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea （ECS）, provides information on vegetation and climate changes since 24 cal. kaBP. A total of 103 samples were palynologically analyzed at 8 cm intervals with a time resolution of 230 a. Four pollen zones are recognized： zone Ⅰ （812-715 cm, 24.2-21.1 cah kaBP）, zone Ⅱ （715-451 cm, 21.1-15.2 cah kaBP）, zone Ⅲ （451-251 cm, 15.2-0.8 cah kaBP）, zone Ⅳ （251-0 cm, 10.8-0.3 cal. kaBP）, corresponding to Late MIS 3, Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）, deglaciation and Holocene, respectively. The LGM is characterized by the dominance of herbs, mainly Artemisia, and high pollen influx, implying an open vegetation on the ex- posed continental shelf and a cool and dry climate. The deglaciation is a climate warming stage with Pinus percentage increased and Artemisia percentage decreased and a rapid sea-level rise. The Holocene is characterized by predominance of tree pollen with rapid increase in Castanea-Castanopsis indicating the development of mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest and a warm, humid climate. Low pollen influx during the Holocene probably implies submergence of the continental shelf and retreat of the pollen source area. The vegetation indicated by pollen assemblage found in this upper zone is consistent with the present vegetation found in Kyushu, Japan. Originating from the humid mountain area of North Luzon of the Philippines, Tasmania and New Zealand, Phyllocladus with sporadic occurrence throughout PC-1 core probably suggests the influence of Palaeo-Kuroshio Current or intense summer monsoon. The observed changes in Pinus and Herbs percentage indicate fluctuations of the sea level, and high Pinus percentage corresponds to high sea level. Spectrum analysis of the pollen percentage record reveals many millennial-scale periodicities, such as periodicities of 6.8, 3.8, 2.2, 1.6 ka.     

基于方向关系的不确定区域拓扑关系推理

用宽边界区域模型建模不确定区域,把不确定区域间的拓扑和分析关系表示为确定区域间拓扑和分析的组合表示,并根据宽边界区域方向关系矩阵与宽边界区域扩展九交矩阵的联系,提出了基于方向关系的推理拓扑关系方法。根据推理方法可直接推理拓扑关系,因而可以节省计算量和存储空间。     

中粮生产企业对工业生物技术发展的若干恩考

工业生物技术是以微生物或酶为催化剂,结合化工生产工艺。进行大规模物质转化生产人类所需的化学品、材料、医药、能源等产品的生物技术,是解决人类目前面临的资源短缺、能源紧张及环境污染的有效手段。本文从中粮集团燃料乙醇和柠檬酸装置存在的问题入手,重点分析了工业生物技术的进步在节能降耗、节水减排、降低生产成本方面带来的潜在经济效益,明确提出了工业生产对生物技术的具体需求,并归纳出其中蕴含的基础科学问题。以期对我国工业生物技术的发展及产学研的结合有所启示。     

平衡损失下回归系数的最小风险估计

研究了线性模型中回归系数的最小风险估计问题.在平衡损失函数下,考虑了回归系数线性估计在线性估计类中的最小风险性,结果表明最小风险估计是非线性有偏估计,它与未知参数有关,当用未知参数的不同估计代替时,得到的估计都是一种估计的平衡.