Holocene lake deposits of Bosten Lake, southern Xinjiang, China

A 9.25-m-long sediment core from Bosten Lake,Xinjiang, provides detailed information about changes in the water budget and biological acticity over the last 8400 cal-endar years. The chronology is constructed from six AMS radiocarbon dates on the terrestrial plant remains. Based onanalyses of TOC, CO3, detrital compounds and biogenic SiO2,lake level fluctuations and periods of remarkably-negative water budget appeared at 8.4-8.2 cal ka, 7.38-7.25 cal ka,5.7-5.5 cal ka, 3.7-3.4 cal ka and 3.3-2.9 cal ka, respec-tively. As they are in-phase with low lake levels at Sumxl Co and Bangong Co in western Tibet Plateau and with paleo-lakes in Inner Mongolia, a climate-induced change to some-what drier and warmer conditions is inferred. A further drop in lake level after 1320 AD of about 200 yr duration may heattributed to a negative water balance prior to the main phase of the Little Ice Age. Deep and stable lake phases of 1500 yr and 1800 yr duration at 7.2-5.7 cal ka and 5.5-3.7cal ka coincide with maximum moisture during the Holocene Megathermai in China. The long term trend towards aridity since about 4.3 cal ka can dearly be recognised. The reduced water budget of Bosten Lake from 640-1200 AD may be attributed to local effects.     

连续事件的语义数据模型

语义抽象概念aggregation和generalization不仅对不包含时间概念的复杂情况的数据模型的建立很有用，而且还可以成功地用于连续事件的建模。建立了两种情况并存的语义数据模型：or—dering(次序)和sequencing(先后顺序)，并且可以在任何程序环境下实现。     

豫西早二叠世掌蕨Chiropteris Kurr和髻籽羊齿Nystroemia Halle有机连接标本的发现

基于河南登封早二叠世肾掌蕨Chiropteris reniformis Kawasaki和髻籽羊齿Nystroemia pectiniformis Halle有机连接的标本, 确立了肾髻籽羊齿(新组合)Nystroemia reniformis (Kawasaki) comb.nov.营养叶具长柄, 肾形, 基部心形, 全缘或具细齿; 叶脉细, 多次二歧分叉并结为多边形或菱形细网.生殖枝在苞片腋部着生.苞片与营养叶同形.胚珠器官在叶性器官腋部着生或两者分别不规则地着生于生殖枝的轴上.极多的具翼双角籽倒圆锥形, 呈两列状排列, 珠孔朝上.该植物代表了一种新的已灭绝的裸子植物.     

海南岛万泉河口沉积环境演变

根据对柱样沉积物²¹⁰Pb定年及有机碳、硫和有机碳同位素含量分析, 研究万泉河口沉积环境演变. 硫和δ¹³C均自19世纪初期开始持续减少, 硫从1.92%逐渐减少到0.36%, δ¹³C从−20.63‰减少到−23.64‰. C/S比在20世纪之前一直很稳定, 处于0.47~0.80之间, 有机碳与硫呈正相关; 在此之后, C/S比急剧增加, 至表层为3.94, 硫的含量与有机碳的增加没有相关关系. 结果表明在19世纪之前万泉河口尚为开阔的海湾, 处于正常海洋环境,未形成被沙坝围封的泻湖, 海水能够直接出入. 19世纪初期开始, 随着玉带滩沙坝向北发育, 河口逐渐被围拦成泻湖型, 进入的海水量逐渐减少; 在19与20世纪之交, 水体已开始明显淡化, 发展成为今天近乎淡水的泻湖.     

CHARACTERIZATION OF SOL-GEL-DERIVED ZrO2 FILM BY PHOTOTHERMAL RADIOMETRY

In modern industry,thin film on the substratc has much important role to decide the properties of product, especially for electrical, optical and wear-resistant etc, production. There are some technical methods to prepare thin film,including plasma spray,physical vapor deposition (PVD),chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and sol-gel,etc. Among of them,sol-gel method has been developed a popular tech nique for preparing thin films.     

Induction of autotomy in the American bird grasshopperSchistocerca americana (Drury) by the ecdysone agonist RH-5849 and investigation of its mode of action

The non-steroidal ecdysone agonist RH-5849 (1,2-dibenzoyl-l-tert-butylhydrazine) was found to be an effective neurotoxicant on injection into the American bird grasshopper,Schistocerca americana (Drury). Treated grasshoppers became immediately hyperactive, followed by loss of coordination, paralysis and eventually death. We also discovered that this compound induced bilateral autotomy of the metathoracic legs during the early stages of intoxication. However, no evidence of ecdysonergic or morphogenetic activities was observed. Synergism studies with neurotoxins of known mode of action suggested that RH-5849 has a mechanism of action similar to that of 4-amino pyridine, which blocks potassium channels.     

Endogenous oscillatory activity and TTX-sensitive spikes of the heart muscle in early juveniles of the isopod crustaceanLigia exotica

The heart beat of early juveniles of the littoral isopodLigia exotica occurred at a frequency of 250 to 350/min, associated with rhythmic activity of the heart muscle. Each burst was composed of a slow depolarizing potential with superimposed spike potentials. The spike potential was eliminated by perfusion with TTX-containing or Na⁺-free saline. In TTX-saline, the slow potential was unchanged in frequency and amplitude. By current injection into the heart muscle, the rhythm of the slow potential was phase-shifted and its frequency was changed in a membrane potential-dependent manner. These results show that the heart ofLigia early juveniles acts as an endogenous muscle oscillator generating oscillatory slow potentials and Na⁺-dependent spikes.     

Antioxidant survey to assess antagonism to redox stress using a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic system

Using a prokaryote (Escherichia coli) and a metazoa-resembling eukaryote (Ochromonas danica), we surveyed antioxidants which might overcome redox stress imposed by menadione sodium bisulphite (MD) and buthionine sulphoximine (BSO). BSO oxidant stress was evident only inO. danica; MD oxidant stress was evident in both organisms. Glutathione, its precursors, e.g. cysteine, homocysteine, and 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid, and red blood cells, emerged as prime antioxidants for relieving BSO and MD oxidant stress. BSO and MD oxidant activity and antioxidant-annulling effect inO. danica were judged comparable to those found in animal cells whereas the resultsE. coli were not entirely equivalent. TheO. danica system emerged as a practical, rapid, and useful system for pinpointing oxidant stressors and antioxidants, and shows promise for studies with mammalian systems.