等离子体光谱源中的电子激发温度的测量

本文简述了现代等离子体光谱激发源中电子激发温度的测量原理与方法,并介绍了低功率氩微波等离子体炬中电子激发温度的主要测量结果。     

Phase difference and interference between reflected cylindrical wave and head wave at a liquid/solid interface

The reflected field of pulsed cylindrical waves from a liquid-solid interface is studied by the numerical method and the experimental method. The reflected field is calculated and shown in gray pictures. The calculated incident angles θ _n (n=1, 2, 3,…) of a series of minimums (or nulls) on the reflected wavefront are presented. The measured angle of the minimum from Schlieren photograph is consistent with that by calculation. The appearance of minimums is explained by the interference between the reflected wave and the head wave, and by the radiated dissipation of the head wave. The leading phase angle of the head wave to the reflected wave is proved to be about 3π/4 by the numerical calculation.     

NiAl合金(B_2结构)的偏析现象

采用ＬＭＴＯ ＣＰＡ方法,计算了ＮｉＡｌ合金(Ｂ２结构)在成分无序情况下的热力学性质,并讨论了ＮｉＡｌ合金的偏析现象·理论结果表明,当Ｎｉ的成分小于３５％(原子分数)时,则ＮｉＡｌ合金表面出现Ａｌ的偏析现象,当Ｎｉ的成分大于３５％(原子分数)时,则出现Ｎｉ的偏析现象·     

Fabrication of MgB2 superconducting films by different methods

MgB₂ superconducting films have been successfully fabricated on single crystal MgO(111) and c-AL₂O₃ substrates by different methods. The film deposited by pulsed laser deposition is c-axis oriented with zero resistance transition temperature of 38.4 K, while the other two films fabricated by chemical vapor deposition and electrophoresis are c-axis textured with the zero resistance transition temperature of 38 K and 39 K, respectively. Magnetization hysteresis measurements yield critical current density J_c of 10⁷ A/cm² at 15 K in zero field for the thin film and of 10⁵ A/cm² for the thick film. For the thin film deposited by chemical vapor deposition, the microwave surface resistance at 10 K is found to be as low as 100 μΩ, which is comparable with that of a high-quality high-temperature superconducting thin film of YBCO.     

基于熵权法的坦克火控系统健康评价方法

 针对坦克火控系统状态评价过程中存在的主观性较大、结果不够精确等问题,研究了基于熵权法的火控系统健康评价方法。在建立健康评价指标体系的基础上,构建了健康指数模型。按照指标属性,对不同量纲的指标进行归一化处理,采用熵权法计算模型中各指标对系统健康状况影响的权重值。最后采用该方法对某型坦克火控系统进行评价。结果表明,稳定性指标是影响火控系统总体性能的重要指标。评价结果具有较高的可信度,可为火控系统的使用及维护提供依据。     

匀动螺旋状集中涡的流函数解析表达及其证明

旨在推导在圆柱直管中作均匀运动的右旋单螺旋状集中涡管诱导无粘流场流函数的解析表达式,并将结果回代到涡与流函数的微分方程中,证明这一解析解的正确性．结果显示：涡管流函数是时间的周期函数,并被表征为一系列在涡核内均匀分布螺旋涡丝流函数的叠加．当螺旋涡管沿自身轴线移动一个节距,同时绕自身轴线旋转一圈时,螺旋涡管诱导的流场退化为定常场．若令圆柱直管半径趋于无穷大,则获得在无穷大域中作均匀运动的三维螺旋状圆柱集中涡管的流函数．     

宋代龙泉青瓷工艺恢复研究

研究了在浙江龙泉大窑地区窑址群中出土的质量很高的南宋哥窑和弟窑瓷片胎、釉的化学组成、显微结构和烧制工艺．在此基础上,采用龙泉市内紫金土和瓷土等原料,恢复龙泉哥窑和弟窑青瓷生产,并研究成功龙泉青瓷新产品．     

亲电取代反应中相转移催化剂结构和性能的关系

选择了１０个含磺酸基团的化俣物作为相转移催化剂测定其在Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ－ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＮａ／ＣｌＣＨ２Ｃｌ体系中的亲电偶合反应速率常数。对比无催化剂存在时的动力学数据，证明这类化合物是有效的亲电取代反应的相转移催化剂。     

渠基粗、细粒土的冻胀性分类研究

渠基土与工民建地基土比较,由于渠基土经常处于饱和状态,与工民建地基土所处情况不同,其土的冻胀性分类:粗粒土要考虑其可能出现的冻胀性;细粘土则要增加一个土的密实度控制指标。文中仅就这两个问题进行讨论并进一步作出定量分析。     

N,N’-二甲基-4-氨基吡啶的合成及应用

以廉价的吡啶为主要原料,通过联吡啶盐中间步骤合成高效酰化催化剂N,N-二甲基-4-氨基吡啶,并对产物的结构进行了FTIR认证．用GLC跟踪测试高位阻叔丁醇的酰化反应,结果表明：该催化剂具有很高的催化活性,3h叔丁醇转化率可达93％．