"三体式创新"体系及其专利保护与运营研究——基于林至科技的案例

技术创新是高新技术企业提升竞争力的关键要素,其与知识(Science)、技术(Technology)、市场(Market)维度息息相关.从高新技术企业技术创新的知识、技术、市场维度出发,构建了STM类高新技术企业基于"知识—技术—市场"的"三体式创新"体系,并将专利保护及运营研究融入该创新体系.此外,为论证"三体式创新"体系拥有一定的理论与实践意义,选取佛山林至高分子材料科技有限公司为研究对象进行案例定性分析,并得出以下主要结论:①STM类高新技术企业需要在创新过程中整合内外部知识、储备多元化知识;②打造技术体系、突破行业壁垒;③了解客户需求、针对性地形成产品;④STM类高新技术企业需要注重专利保护,并且尝试将专利纳入市场获利渠道,形成涉及保护和运营的专利管理体系.     

基于Matlab拟合的生态混凝土对总氮去除效果研究

为了深入研究生态混凝土对总氮的去除效果,采用物理模型构建不同配合比的生态混凝土试块,利用Matlab拟合四个试验点总氮随时间的变化规律。结果表明,生态混凝土对总氮有很好的去除作用,各试验点总氮随时间变化规律符合4次多项式。四个试验点对总氮去除率分别为31.9%、42.2%、48.4%、45.1%,可见生态混凝土试块对总氮去除率与孔隙率大小相关,孔隙率越大去除效果越明显。     

Molecular basis and genetic improvement of economically important traits in aquaculture animals

Aquaculture has been believed to be a major Chinese contribution to the world. In recent 20 years, genome and other genetic technologies have promoted significant advances in basic studies on molecular basis and genetic improvement of aquaculture animals, and complete genomes of some main aquaculture animals have been sequenced or announced to be sequenced since the beginning of this century. Here, we review some significant breakthrough progress of aquaculture genetic improvement technologies including genome technologies, somatic cell nuclear transfer and stem cell technologies, outline the molecular basis of several economically important traits including reproduction, sex, growth, disease resistance, cold tolerance and hypoxia tolerance, and present a series of candidate trait-related genes. Finally, some application cases of genetic improvement are introduced in aquaculture animals, especially in China, and several development trends are highlighted in the near future.     

A new technique for synthesis of 2,4-dichloro-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine

3-Amino-2-methoxycarbonylthiophene used as the main raw material,an intermediate(thiofuran siamese) 2,4-dichloro-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine was synthesized.The prod-uct was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The first step yield was 84%(190 ℃) and the second step yield was 81.4%(105 ℃,m(intermediate):m(phosphorus oxychloride) = 1:6.4).The raw product was refined with a unique refining process,which can enhance the purity up to 99.5% to meet the requirement of condi-tions for the development and research of thiofuran siamese as a new medicine of anticarcinogen.Contrasted with the traditional technique,this process featured with cheap raw materials,possible for solvent recovery and reuse,low comprehensive cost,and suit-able for production on certain scale.     

托口电站河湾地块帷幕灌浆效果可视化分析与评价

帷幕灌浆工程施工条件隐蔽、影响因素复杂,对灌浆效果的分析与评价是灌浆工程的重要研究课题.由于受传统评价方法本身的限制,对灌浆效果的评价多依赖对局部灌浆质量的分析,而忽略浆液宏观分布的影响.文章以托口电站河湾地块帷幕灌浆工程为例,依据帷幕灌浆各孔段的灌浆参数和施工数据,通过三维可视化分析方法生成单位吸灰量的分布云图,从浆液宏观分布上对灌浆效果展开分析和评价,结果表明:1)灌浆断面中以白垩系红层为代表的风化程度高、结构疏松、孔隙率大、岩体软弱破碎的地层,单位吸灰量较其他地层显著增加;2)岩溶孔洞越完整、岩溶通道越丰富、连通性越强的岩溶区域的单位吸灰量越大,并且在溶洞周围单位吸浆量有增大的现象;3)可视化分析成果图显示出防渗帷幕具有良好的连续性,帷幕的覆盖范围达到设计要求;4)实践表明,引入三维云图,从浆液宏观分布上对灌浆效果的评价是可行的.利用可视化分析的方法表达灌浆物理量空间分布,从宏观上展示了灌浆效果,为评价灌浆效果提供一种行之有效的辅助方法,同时可为帷幕的补漏提供直观的决策依据.     

空间信息网络通信业务承载能力的衡量方法研究

由于空间信息网络的空间和时间的大尺度特性及其复杂度的大幅提高,已有的信息传输能力衡量方法已无法有效地衡量现有和未来的空间信息网络.本研究首先建立复杂的空间信息网络模型,通过分析空间信息网络的数据接入能力和网内数据传输能力,来衡量整个空间信息网络的通信业务承载能力.最后利用STK和Matlab仿真软件,进行协同仿真,验证了所提出的衡量方法的合理性.     

HIFU治疗中血流对加热影响的仿真研究

血管存在于肿瘤组织内部时,肿瘤组织靠近血管的边界部分会受到血管冷却效应的较大影响,这种影响会导致肿瘤治疗不彻底.针对此种情况,以凹球面换能器作为仿真热源,通过瑞利积分求得声强分布,并利用有限差分法对生物热传导方程进行求解,结合加热时间和温度的定量关系,计算出热剂量分布情况来判定组织的热损伤程度,研究血流对加热的影响.仿真结果表明:由于血管的存在,损伤区域被分成两部分,焦域内热剂量减小;血管尺寸、血流速度或血液灌注率增大,有效热剂量范围明显减小;血管越靠近焦域中心,其影响越大.     

Phytolith carbon sequestration in bamboos of different ecotypes: a case study in China

Occlusion of carbon （C） within phytoliths （PhytOC） is becoming one of the most promising terrestrial C sequestration mechanisms. This study explored the production of PhytOC within 35 bamboo species belonging to three ecotypes using methods of microwave digestion. The aim of this study is to explore the present and potential C sequestration rate within phytoliths of bamboo species from three ecotypes. PhytOC content in bamboos of three ecotypes ranges from 0.07 % to 0.42 %. The mean PhytOC production flux decreases as： clustered bamboo （0.050 ± 0.016 t CO2 ha^-1 a^-1） ≈ mixed bamboo （0.049 ± 0.016 t CO2 ha^-1 a^-l） 〉 scattered bamboo （0.038 ± 0.020 t CO2 ha^-1 a^-1）. The phytolith carbon sequestration in Chinese bamboo is estimated to be 0.293±0.127 Tg （1 Tg = 1012 g） CO2 a^-1; approximately 75 %, 3 %, and 22 % of which is contributed from scattered, mixed and clustered bamboo, respectively. Taking the PhytOC production flux of 0.18 ± 0.12 t CO2 ha^-1 a^-1 and current annual area increasing rate of 3 %, global bamboo phytoliths would sequester 11.9 ± 7.9 Tg CO2 a^-1 by 2050. Consequently, bamboo forests have significant potential to mitigate the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 by maximizing PhytOC production flux and expanding bamboos.     

土石坝动力离心模型试验颗粒流数值模拟

以长河坝离心模型试验为基础,开展颗粒流细观数值模拟研究,分析大坝在不同地震加速度和离心加速度下的动力响应(加速度和位移)和破坏模式,并对长河坝双向振动台模型试验进行了数值模拟分析.数值模拟结果表明:数值模拟规律与离心振动台试验规律基本一致,坝体的地震破坏模式为坝顶局部滑动破坏;同一高程坝坡位置的动力响应大于心墙位置;随...