Two typical phenomena from the numerical simulation of fire and smoke transport in a gymnasium fire

Building a large centralized atrium in a building has become favourable both to designers and owners. The space of an atrium in a hall, theatre or gymnasium, can occupy an area as large as thousands of square meters and a height as high as 10―30 meters[1…     

Some evidence of drying trend over northern China from 1951 to 2004

The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over China were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. Based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern China in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern China was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2) During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast China, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983, respectively; (3) Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern China, the western part of Northwest China is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest China, the central part of North China and Northeast China since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions.     

北京湿地生物资源保护与可持续利用对策初探

本文主要以2001年7月至2004年6月对北京湿地进行的大规模系统调查结果为基础，分析了北京湿地环境和生物资源的现状及其所面临的严重威胁，初步提出关于北京湿地生物资源保护与可持续利用的6点对策．     

可持续旅游开发与地域发展

旅游开发作为开发行为之一,依据其开发规模对旅游地产生了各种各样的影响.基于可持续发展的最新研究成果,对可持续旅游开发与地域发展的相互协调的关系进行了简单分析.为了实现可持续旅游开发,在社会和文化方面,必须要与地域产业、地域自然环境和地域共同体的三个侧面进行相互联系,使旅游开发不单成为获得经济效益的手段,也要成为地域建设的推动力,从而确立可持续旅游开发在建设富裕的、易于地方居民居住的旅游地域的综合核心的地位.     

运用EWB测试线性系统特征参数

运用广泛使用的EWB(Electronics Workbench)电子实验台,对一、二阶线性系统特征参数进行测试实验。测试实验结果准确、可靠,并探讨出一种理论教学与实验教学有机融合的可行方法。     

电脑刺绣机新型挑线机构运动分析

以电脑刺绣机新型挑线机构为研究对象，推导了机构多位移矩阵迭代求解、机构速度和加速度的理论方程，详细分析了新型挑线机构的位移、速度、加速度特性曲线．结论显示加速度变化大是导致电脑刺绣机断线的原因之一．其推导方法与优化理论相结合可用于电脑刺绣机挑线机构参数设计，以改善加速度特性曲线，降低断线率．     

隧道监控系统中交通控制方案的自动触发

通过一个隧道监控系统的研发实例，对隧道监控系统给予介绍．当隧道出现紧急事件(报警事件)时，该隧道监控系统能对各种事件做出反应，不丢失任何重要数据和报警信息，并自动触发交通控制方案，让操作员能够第一时间发现和干预，尽可能预防交通事故的发生，并为事故的处理提供及时强有力的援助，为迅速恢复道路畅通提供保障．该系统运行稳定可靠，操作简单，达到了预期的效果．     

NPP distribution related to the terrains along the North-South Transect of Eastern China

Vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) is defined as the accumulative amount of organic matters per unit area and time, which is calculated from the difference between accumulative photosynthesis and accumulative autotrophic respiration by green plants. Since the NPP reflects the physiological and ecological characteristics of the plants and the interactive results of the environmental factors, it is an important index to evaluate a structure of ecological system, functional features and …     

地面坦克目标红外热成像物理模型研究

根据红外成像的基本流程，研究并建立了地面坦克的红外物理模型。针对复杂场景分别对目标和背景部分建模、求取温度场分布，同时考虑目标和背景之间的相互作用得到完整的场景红外理论模型；考虑红外辐射的大气吸收，建立了大气衰减模型；模拟红外传感器的工作特性建立成像综合响应模型。最后给出了地面坦克目标热成像系统的仿真流程，利用该系统可以在试验环境下进行目标的红外仿真，为红外系统以及武器的研制提供经济快捷的手段。     

A HEURISTIC PATH-PLANNING METHOD FOR ENHANCING MACHINE-TOOL CONTOUR-FOLLOWING

Nomenclature ki integral action coefficient[s-1]kp speed proportional gain[s-1]kv position proportional gain[s-1]kf feed forward factor of the speed loop[%]M axis mass[kg]V speed[m/s]F driving effort[N]Rc radius of curvature[m]d distance to the apex[m]o lateral offset[m]εcontouring error[m]ωm lowest mechanical resonant frequency[s-1]ζdamping coefficient[-]r inertia ratio[-]μmembership function[-]αcorner angle[rad]x,y horizontal and vertical coordinates[m]?angle to the normal line[rad]1.I…