科学饮食 营造健康生活

饮食是人类生存的根本,是生命的源泉。伴随着人民生活水平的提高和对餐饮业需求的增长,饮食健康成了一道靓丽的风景。饮食文化、合理膳食、科学烹调和饮食习惯引起了人们广泛关注。     

地方高校“播音与主持艺术专业热”透视

新世纪以来,伴随着“艺考”的升温,中国高等教育出现了前所未有的“播音与主持艺术专业热”.具体表现在开设高校增多、报考学生数量庞大、专业规模迅速膨胀和专业培训红火等方面.专业门槛相对较低、专业收费相对较高、传媒业的迅猛发展、播音与主持人的明星效应等是导致“播音与主持艺术专业热”的主要原因.只有政府、学校、家长、学生共同面对,才能使“播音与主持艺术专业热”降温,从而回归正常轨道.     

地板上尿渍足迹的溴酚蓝溶液新型增强技术研究

目的探索一种新型地板表面尿渍足迹的溴酚蓝酒精溶液增强技术。方法使用BRWY-1雾化器对75%酒精溴酚蓝酒精溶液对地板表面上不同遗留时间和遗留量的尿渍足迹进行溴酚蓝增强处理。结果使用BRWY-1雾化器对75%酒精溴酚蓝溶液雾化喷涂,能够有效增强地板表面上的尿渍足迹,时间约为30 s,尿渍足迹纹线颜色为蓝色,特征清晰连贯、与地板反差明显。结论 BRWY-1雾化器雾化75%酒精溴酚蓝溶液能够有效增强地板表面与尿渍足迹的反差,可作为一种新型尿渍足迹显现和增强技术,有效提高该类痕迹的发现率、提取率和利用率。     

Exact inference for two exponential populations with competing risks data

In a reliability comparative test, the joint censoring model is usually adopted to evaluate the performances of units with the same facility. However, most researchers ignore the pos- sibility that there is more than one factor for the failure when a test unit fails. To solve this problem, we consider a joint Type-II hybrid censoring model for the analysis of exponential competing failure data. Based on the maximum likelihood theory, we compute the maximum likelihood estimators （MLEs） of parameters and then obtain the condition ensuring MLEs existence for every unknown parameter. Then we derive the conditional exact distributions and corresponding moment properties for parameters by the moment generating function （MGF）. A Monte-Carlo simulation is conducted to compare the performances of different ways. And finally, we conduct a numerical example to illustrate the proposed method.     

GPSNISNAV integrated relative navigation and attitude determination system for ultra-close spacecraft formation flying

For the improvement of accuracy and better fault-tolerant performance, a global position system (GPS)/vision navigation (VISNAV) integrated relative navigation and attitude determination approach is presented for ultra-close spacecraft formation flying. Onboard GPS and VISNAV system are adopted and a federal Kalman filter architecture is used for the total navigation system design. Simulation results indicate that the integrated system can provide a total improvement of relative navigation and attitude estimation performance in accuracy and fault-tolerance.     

Effects of AlN on the densification and mechanical properties of pressureless-sintered SiC ceramics

In the present work, Si C ceramics was fabricated with Al N using B_4 C and C as sintering aids by a solid-state pressureless-sintered method. The effects of Al N contents on the densification, mechanical properties, phase compositions, and microstructure evolutions of as-obtained Si C ceramics were thoroughly investigated. Al N was found to promote further densification of the Si C ceramics due to its evaporation over 1800 °C,transportation, and solidification in the pores resulted from Si C grain coarsening. The highest relative density of 99.65% was achieved for Si C sample with 15.0 wt% Al N by the pressureless-sintered method at 2130 °C for 1 h in Ar atmosphere. Furthermore, the fracture mechanism for Si C ceramics containing Al N tended to transfer from single transgranular fracture mode to both transgranular fracture and intergranular fracture modes when the sample with 30.0 wt% Al N sintered at 1900 °C for 1 h in Ar. Also, Si C ceramics with 30.0 wt% Al N exhibited the highest fracture toughness of 5.23 MPa m~(1/2) when sintered at 1900 °C.     

塔里木河流域中下游典型地物光谱变化规律

由于塔里木河流域中下游距离河道在垂直向的差别,以及气候与人为因素的影响,使植被的空间分布具有异构性.典型地物光谱变化的研究为中下游生态环境的遥感监测提供了基础,实验研究表明:绿色全荣植物中,棉花由于其具有明显绿峰、水分吸收谷和近红外的高反射峰而更加容易识别,其他植物主要差别则集中在550,680,1420 nm附近的反射峰、吸收谷和1920～2500 nm之间的反射率;与绿色植被相比,枯枝的光谱在可见光部分的绿峰和红光吸收谷不明显,但在可见光部分波形有所差别,而与流沙土壤光谱相比,各波段反射率变化较大;对比不同荣枯比例的植物光谱发现,同一种植物随着荣枯配比的变化,除可见光绿峰、近红外反射峰和各水分吸收谷变化外,最明显的是在近红外1420～1820 nm之间和短波红外1920～2500 nm之间反射率随着枯枝的比例增加而明显升高;关于土壤光谱,中下游各断面占主要类型的流沙土光谱相差不大,但是盐碱土和含有一定水分的盐碱土则变化较大,而且反射率基本低于流沙土,结壳土则除在近红外和短波红外部分变化更加平缓而有所差别外,其余波段接近流沙土;同样的土壤背景下,近红外和短波红外部分反射率的差别能够在一定程度上反映覆盖度的变化.     

论食品安全学的理论基础与技术体系

食品安全学（foodsafetiology）是研究食物对人体健康危害的风险和保障食物无危害风险的学问,是食 品科学的一个分支,也是近３０年来发展起来的一门新兴学科。讨论、交流和理解食品安全学的理论基础与技术 体系将有助于促进食品安全学的科学研究、学科建设和人才培养,有助于加强国家食品安全管理和监管能力建 设。在研究大量有关国际组织文件、学术报告、会议文集,以及作者亲自考察、学术研究、自身理解的基础上, 提出了食品安全学的概念,归纳了食品安全学的理论基础和技术体系,探讨了食品安全学的学科构架。     

公共基础设施特许经营合约与风险治理研究 —以南京长江隧道工程为例

结合南京长江隧道工程特许经营的成功实践,分析特许经营过程中的风险构成;基于公共基础设施 项目特许经营的不完全契约本质,提出恰当的风险治理结构是公共基础设施特许经营能否成功的关键因素。     

Growth, photosynthesis and podophyllotoxin accumulation of Dysosma versipellis in response to a light gradient and conservation implications

Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying (Berberidaceae) is a rare and vulnerable, perennial herb endemic to China with pharmaceutical significance. Increasing habitat loss and over-exploitation of the plant has severely affected the plant’s in situ conservation, necessitating ex situ conservation and commercial cultivation. The light regime is a critical environmental factor contributing to successful ex situ conservation via efficient production of biomass and secondary metabolites. We investigated th...