全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6607篇 |
免费 | 652篇 |
国内免费 | 47篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 1127篇 |
丛书文集 | 44篇 |
教育与普及 | 41篇 |
理论与方法论 | 278篇 |
现状及发展 | 873篇 |
研究方法 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 4935篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 8篇 |
2023年 | 12篇 |
2022年 | 27篇 |
2021年 | 32篇 |
2020年 | 22篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 736篇 |
2017年 | 748篇 |
2016年 | 449篇 |
2015年 | 62篇 |
2014年 | 47篇 |
2013年 | 53篇 |
2012年 | 301篇 |
2011年 | 1015篇 |
2010年 | 870篇 |
2009年 | 509篇 |
2008年 | 576篇 |
2007年 | 829篇 |
2006年 | 63篇 |
2005年 | 83篇 |
2004年 | 170篇 |
2003年 | 185篇 |
2002年 | 97篇 |
2001年 | 38篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 50篇 |
1998年 | 35篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 47篇 |
1995年 | 25篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 18篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7306条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
Process mineralogy characteristics of acid leaching residue produced in low-temperature roasting-acid leaching pretreatment process of refractory gold concentrates 下载免费PDF全文
Shuang-hua Zhang Ya-jie Zheng Pan Cao Chao-hui Li Shen-zhi Lai Xing-jun Wang 《矿物冶金与材料学报》2018,25(10):1132-1139
To provide a theoretical basis for a suitable process to extract gold from refractory gold concentrates, process mineralogy on the acid leaching residue of gold calcine was studied by chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy spectrum, and mineral dissociation analysis. The results showed that the acid leaching residue contained Au 68.22 g/t, Ag 92.71 g/t, Fe 0.44%, As 0.10%, and S 0.55%. Gold and silver minerals existed as native gold, argentite, and proustite. Quartz, the main gangue mineral, accounted for 78.33wt/%. The dissociation degree analysis showed that the proportions of monomer and exposed gold in acid leaching residue were 96.66wt%. The cyanidation results showed that the cyanide gold leaching rate of acid leaching residues was close to 100wt%. However, the maximum cyanide gold leaching rate of gold calcine was only 85.31wt%. This suggests that acid leaching can increase the gold dissolution rate in the cyanide process. 相似文献
122.
Effect of Ce addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of A380 aluminum alloy prepared by squeeze-casting 下载免费PDF全文
The effect of cerium (Ce) addition on the eutectic Si, β-Al5FeSi phase, and the tensile properties of A380 alloy specimens prepared by squeeze-casting were studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results showed that Ce more effectively modified the eutectic Si and refined the β-Al5FeSi. The refinement effect significantly increased under a specific pressure of 100 MPa with the addition of Ce from 0.1wt% to 0.9wt%. In contrast, the average length and the aspect ratio of the eutectic Si and β-Al5FeSi exhibited their optimal values when the content of the added Ce was greater than 0.5wt%. Needle-like Al8Cu4Ce was precipitated with the addition of excessive Ce; hence, the mechanical properties of A380 gradually decreased with increasing Ce content in the range from 0.3wt% to 0.9wt%. 相似文献
123.
New testing methodology for the quantification of rock crushability: Compressive crushing value (CCV) 下载免费PDF全文
Crushing is a size reduction process that plays a key role in both mineral processing and crushing-screening plant design. Investigations on rock crushability have become an important issue in mining operations and the manufacture of industrial crusher equipment. The main objective of this research is to quantify the crushability of hard rocks based on their mineralogical and mechanical properties. For this purpose, the mineralogical, physical, and mechanical properties of various hard rocks were determined. A new compressive crushing value (CCV) testing methodology was proposed. The results obtained from CCV tests were compared with those from mineralogical inspections, rock strength as well as mechanical aggregate tests. Strong correlations were found between CCV and several rock and aggregate properties such as uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), the brittleness index (S20), and aggregate impact value (AIV). Furthermore, the relationship between the mineralogical properties of the rocks and their CCVs were established. It is concluded that the proposed testing methodology is simple and highly repeatable and could be utilized as a pre-design tool in the design stage of the crushing process for rock quarries. 相似文献
124.
Complementation in the composition of steel slag and red mud for preparation of novel ceramics 下载免费PDF全文
Yan-bing Zong Wen-hui Chen Yong Fan Tai-lin Yang Zhao-bo Liu Da-qiang Cang 《矿物冶金与材料学报》2018,25(9):1010-1017
A method for preparing novel ceramics was developed in this study. Different ratios red muds were added to steel slags to optimize the preparation of novel ceramics by a traditional ceramic preparation process. The sintering mechanism, microstructure, and performance were studied by X-ray diffraction techniques, scanning electron microscopy, and combined experiments of linear shrinkage, water absorption, and flexural strength. The results confirmed that red mud can reduce the volumetric instabilities through the complementarity of red mud and ferroalloy slag. The crystal phases in the ceramics are all pyroxene group minerals, including diopside ferrian, augite, and diopside. The flexural strength of the ceramic that contains 40wt% red mud and was prepared at the optimal sintering temperature (1140℃) is greater than 93 MPa; its corresponding water absorption is less than 0.05%. 相似文献
125.
Leaching behavior of V,Pb, Cd,Cr, and As from stone coal waste rock with different particle sizes 下载免费PDF全文
This paper investigates the leaching behavior of heavy metals (V, Pb, Cd, Cr, and As) from stone coal waste rocks with various particle sizes using dynamic leaching experiments. The results show that the dissolved concentrations of V and As initially increased and then slightly decreased as time progressed and that the dissolved concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr were high in the early stage before decreasing. The particle size of the stone coal waste rocks strongly influenced the heavy metal concentration in the leaching solutions. The effects of the particle size of the stone coal waste rocks on the dissolved concentrations of V, Pb, and As decreased in the order fine fraction > medium fraction > coarse fraction, and the effects of particle size on the dissolved concentrations of Cr and Cd decreased in the order medium fraction > coarse fraction > fine fraction and coarse fraction > medium fraction > fine fraction, respectively. The quantities of heavy metals dissolved from the stone coal waste rock with fine particle sizes were observed to decrease in the order V (17104.36 μg/kg) > As (609.41 μg/kg) > Pb (469.24 μg/kg) > Cr (56.35 μg/kg) > Cd (27.52 μg/kg), and the dissolution rates decreased in the order As (2.96%) > Pb (0.93%) > V (0.35%) > Cd (0.25%) > Cr (0.01%). The specific surface area, pore size of the stone coal waste rocks, and chemical forms of heavy metals also influenced the release of heavy metals from the stone coal waste rocks. Kinetic analysis showed that the dissolution of heavy metals fundamentally agreed with the rate equation controlled by the shrinking core model. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the evaluation of heavy metals contamination from stone coal waste rocks. 相似文献
126.
Microstructural characterization and oxidation resistance of multicomponent equiatomic CoCrCuFeNi-TiO high-entropy alloy 下载免费PDF全文
CoCrCuFeNi-TiO was prepared by arc melting of the pure elements and Ti2CO powder under an Ar atmosphere. Both CoCrCuFeNi and CoCrCuFeNi-TiO alloys are composed of a face-centered cubic (fcc) solid solution, whereas the alloys of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are basically composed of an fcc solid solution and TiO crystals. The microstructures of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are identified as dendrite and interdendrite structures such as CoCrCuFeNi. The morphology of TiO is identified as an equiaxed crystal with a small amount of added Ti2CO. By increasing the amount of Ti2CO added, the TiO content was dramatically increased and part of the equiaxed crystals changed to a dendrite structure. A test of the oxidation resistance demonstrates that the oxidation resistance of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO is better than that of CoCrCuFeNi. However, as the TiO content increases further, a corresponding decrease is observed in the oxidation resistance. 相似文献
127.
Effect of melting temperature on microstructural evolutions,behavior and corrosion morphology of Hadfield austenitic manganese steel in the casting process 下载免费PDF全文
In this study, the effect of melting temperature on the microstructural evolutions, behavior, and corrosion morphology of Hadfield steel in the casting process is investigated. The mold was prepared by the sodium silicate/CO2 method, using a blind riser, and then the desired molten steel was obtained using a coreless induction furnace. The casting was performed at melting temperatures of 1350, 1400, 1450, and 1500℃, and the cast blocks were immediately quenched in water. Optical microscopy was used to analyze the microstructure, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractrometry (XRD) were used to analyze the corrosion morphology and phase formation in the microstructure, respectively. The corrosion behavior of the samples was analyzed using a potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 3.5wt% NaCl. The optical microscopy observations and XRD patterns show that the increase in melting temperature led to a decrease of carbides and an increase in the austenite grain size in the Hadfield steel microstructure. The corrosion tests results show that with increasing melting temperature in the casting process, Hadfield steel shows a higher corrosion resistance. The SEM images of the corrosion morphologies show that the reduction of melting temperature in the Hadfield steel casting process induced micro-galvanic corrosion conditions. 相似文献
128.
Mineral-phase evolution and sintering behavior of MO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3 (M=Ca,Ba) glass-ceramics by low-temperature liquid-phase sintering 下载免费PDF全文
In this work, network former SiO2 and network intermediate Al2O3 were introduced into typical low-melting binary compositions CaO·B2O3, CaO·2B2O3, and BaO·B2O3 via an aqueous solid-state suspension milling route. Accordingly, multiple-phase aluminosilicate glass-ceramics were directly obtained via liquid-phase sintering at temperatures below 950℃. On the basis of liquid-phase sintering theory, mineral-phase evolutions and glass-phase formations were systematically investigated in a wide MO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3 (M=Ca, Ba) composition range. The results indicate that major mineral phases of the aluminosilicate glass-ceramics are Al20B4O36, CaAl2Si2O8, and BaAl2Si2O8 and that the glass-ceramic materials are characterized by dense microstructures and excellent dielectric properties. 相似文献
129.
利用固体与分子经验电子理论(EET)对无钴高强高韧钢奥氏体中含碳与不含碳晶胞的价电子结构进行了计算和分析·得到含碳晶胞的nA值大于不含碳晶胞的nA值,故在相的转变中主要考虑含碳晶胞的影响·在含碳晶胞中合金元素Ni,Si,Cr,Mo与碳原子形成偏聚区,且Ni,Si与C的结合力比Cr,Mo的大,偏聚区能降低C的扩散能力,阻碍位错运动,推迟马氏体相变;使基体中保持高度的位错,也会导致材料中有一定数量的残余奥氏体,并细化奥氏体晶粒,使转变的马氏体尺寸减小,这对材料的韧性有利· 相似文献
130.
研究了基于信源量化、信道错误和差错隐藏的视频传输端到端失真问题.提出了一种基于视频编码流结构的端到端失真度估算方法.采用帧间递归,以宏块为单位根据信道平均误比特率和视频编码信息在编码器端实时估算端到端失真.仿真结果表明,对于绝大部分视频测试序列,在不同信道误比特率下,该方法模型估算的平均相对偏差小于8%,平均绝对偏差控制在0.9 dB以内,准确度高,为基于率失真或联合功率率失真优化中的失真估算提供一个有力的工具. 相似文献