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931.
Thomas L. Saaty 《系统科学与系统工程学报(英文版)》2004,13(2):129-157
The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a multicriteria theory of measurement used to derive relative priority scales of absolute
numbers from individual judgments (or from actual measurements normalized to a relative form) that also belong to a fundamental
scale of absolute numbers. These judgments represent the relative influence, of one of two elements over the other in a pairwise
comparison process on a third element in the system, with respect to an underlying control criterion. Through its supermatrix,
whose entries are themselves matrices of column priorities, the ANP synthesizes the outcome of dependence and feedback within
and between clusters of elements. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with its independence assumptions on upper levels from
lower levels and the independence of the elements in a level is a special case of the ANP. The ANP is an essential tool for
articulating our understanding of a decision problem. One had to overcome the limitation of linear hierarchic structures and
their mathematical consequences. This part on the ANP summarizes and illustrates the basic concepts of the ANP and shows how
informed intuitive judgments can lead to real life answers that are matched by actual measurements in the real world (for
example, relative dollar values) as illustrated in market share examples that rely on judgments and not on numerical data.
Thomas L. Saaty holds the Chair of University Professor, Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and
obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale University. Before that he was a professor at the Wharton School of the University
of Pennsylvania for ten years. Prior to that he spent seven years at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency in the State
Department in Washington, DC, that carried out the arms reduction negotiations with the Soviets in Geneva. His current research
interests include decision-making, planning, conflict resolution and synthesis in the brain. As a result of his search for
an effective means to deal with weapons tradeoffs at the Disarmament Agency and, more generally, with decision-making and
resource allocation, Professor Saaty developed The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization to dependence and
feedback, the Analytic Network Process (ANP). He is co-developer of the software Expert Choice and of the software Super Decisions
for decisions with dependence and feedback. He has authored or co-authored twelve books on the AHP/ANP. Professor Saaty has
also written a number of other books that embrace a variety of topics, including Modern Nonlinear Equations, Nonlinear Mathematics, Graph Theory, The Four Color Problem, Behavioral Mathematics, Queuing Theory,
Optimization in Integers, Embracing the Future and The Brain: Unraveling the Mystery of How It Works. His most recent book is Creative Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making. The book is a rich collection of ideas, incorporating research by a growing body of researchers and practitioners, profiles
of creative people, projects and products, theory, philosophy, physics and metaphysics...all explained with a liberal dose
of humor. He has published more than 300 refereed articles in a wide variety of professional journals. He has been on the
editorial boards of Mathematical Reviews, Operations Research, Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, Mathematical and Computer
Modeling, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Applied Mathematics Letters, and several others. He also served as consultant
to many corporations and governments. 相似文献
932.
ZHAO Jin LI YanJun CHENG GuoXiang 《科学通报(英文版)》2007,52(13):1796-1801
Calcium carbonate crystallization was performed in hydrogel of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC). Results showed that the polyhydroxy functionalities in HPMC gel network facilitated the nucleation of aragonite which was not found in experiment without HPMC hydrogel and in experiment using methylcellulose (MC) hydrogel as template. On the other hand, due to the unique assembly of the macromolecules in HPMC hydrogel network, which was different from other hydrogels used in some previous reports, particular crystal morphology, corncob-like CaCO_3, was obtained for the first time. 相似文献
933.
Zhang Yu-xia Yu Lun-yin Liu Ming-qiu Tang Zhi-jiao Xia Dong Wang Ming 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2002,7(4):493-498
The current study was to investigate mRNA expression of cyclin D2 and p16 during the transition from cardiac myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy. Cultured cardiac myocytes (CM) and fibroblasts
(FC) obtained from 1-day-old Sparague-Dawley rats were used in this study. We have determined (1) hyperplasia by cell growth
curve and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS); and (2) ultrastructure by electron microscope observation; and (3) expresions
of cyclin D2 mRNA and p16 mRNA by using in situ hybridization and image analysis. The results were shown (1) Results of cell growth curve
and FACS analysis showed CM could proliferate in the first 3 cultured days (4 days in postnatal development). But the ability
decreased quickly, concomitant with the differentiation. (2) The ultrastructure of CM showed the large amount of myofilaments
and mitochondrion and FC showed moderate amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. (3) The expression of cyclin D2 mRNA in 3−, 4−, 5−day CM group was 0.89 times (p<0.05), 0.80 times (p<0.05) and 0.56 times (p<0.01) of that in 1-day group respectively. P16 mRNA in 2−, 3−, 4−, 5−day CM group were 1.63 times (p<0.01), 1.72 times (p<0.01), 1.99 times (p<0.01) and 2.84 times (p<0.01) of that in 1−day group respectively. It can be concluded that cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes could proliferate
during the first 3 cultured days, but the ability of proliferation decreased, from the fourth day, concomitant with differentiation.
Cyclin D2 and p16 have the key roles during the transition from myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy.
Biography: Zhang Yu-xia (1974-), female, Master, research direction: cardiovascular pathology. 相似文献
934.
Guangdeng ZONG Yuqiang WU Lihua ZHANG Institute of Automation Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong China 《系统科学与系统工程学报(英文版)》2005,14(1):115-125
1.Introduction Variable structure control is well known for its robustness to system uncertainties and external disturbances and has been successfully applied to the rigid robotic manipulator systems(Utkin(1992),Zinober(1990)).Generally,a linear sliding mode is firstly designed to describe the desired system error dynamics,a robust controller drives the switching plane variables to reach the sliding mode,and the error dynamics will asymptotically converge to zero on the linear sliding mode.Si… 相似文献
935.
LU Ping HU Dihe 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2007,12(2):218-224
This paper introduces some concepts such as q-process in random environment, Laplace transformation, ergodic potential kernel, error function and some basic lemmas.We study the continuity and Laplace transformation of random transition function. Finally, we give the sufficient condition for the existence of ergodic potential kernel for homogeneous q-processes in random environments. 相似文献
936.
937.
网络最大流的割集矩阵算法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用网络单位流量及网络可行流的流量平衡关系,得出流量关系矩阵,由流量关系矩阵,得出网络割矩阵,从而求出网络图的割集,最后根据网络最大流等于最小割容量,求得网络最大流,此方法使得计算网络最大流变得简便,且具有很强的实用性. 相似文献
938.
EC,ASMC and Macrophage Oxidize Human Low Density Lipoprotein 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dai Zhao |ming Wu Jun |zhu Li Xiao | ming Chen Li |da Hong Jia |ling Department of Biochemistry Medical College Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2003,8(1):130-134
Itisknownthatduringatherosclerosis (As)oxidizedlowdensitylipoprotein (ox LDL)playsanimportantrolethatistakenupbyarterialwallmacrophagesatanenhancedrate ,leadingtocellularcholesterolaccumulationandfoamcellformation .TheatherogenicityofoxidizedLDLalsoinvolv… 相似文献
939.
COMPARISON OF MAX—MIN APPROACH AND NN METHOD FOR RELIABILITY OPTIMIZATION OF SERIES—PARALLEL SYSTEM 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Two heuristics, the max-min approach and the Nakagawa and Nakashima method, are consideredfor the redundancy allocation problem with series-parallel structure. The max-min approach canformulate the problem as an integer linear programming problem instead of an integer nonlinearproblem. This paper presents a comparison between those methods from the standpoint of solutionquality and computational complexity. The experimental results show that the max-min approach issuperior to the Nakagawa and Nakashima method in terms of solution quality in small-scale problems,but analysis of computational complexity shows that the max-min approach is inferior to other greedyheuristics. 相似文献
940.