探月工程三期月地高速再入返回飞行器防热系统设计与验证

本文针对月地高速再入返回的高焓、二次大气层再入、高热流密度峰值与长加热时间耦合的气动加热环境特点,提出了飞行器防热系统设计方案,研制了七种新型碳硅复合烧蚀防热材料,建立了防热系统分析模型,并完成了地面试验验证.经对飞行试验数据的详细分析,结果表明防热系统的实际性能与设计预期一致.     

A genome-wide association study in Han Chinese identifies new susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis

To identify susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study in Han Chinese. In the discovery stage, we analyzed 1,356,350 autosomal SNPs in 1,837 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis and 4,231 controls; in the validation stage, we analyzed 30 suggestive SNPs in an additional 2,100 affected individuals and 3,496 controls. We identified two new susceptibility loci between EDIL3 and HAPLN1 at 5q14.3 (rs4552569; P = 8.77 × 10(-10)) and within ANO6 at 12q12 (rs17095830; P = 1.63 × 10(-8)). We also confirmed previously reported associations in Europeans within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (top SNP, rs13202464; P < 5 × 10(-324)) and at 2p15 (rs10865331; P = 1.98 × 10(-8)). We show that rs13202464 within the MHC region mainly represents the risk effect of HLA-B*27 variants (including HLA-B*2704, HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2715) in Chinese. The two newly discovered loci implicate genes related to bone formation and cartilage development, suggesting their potential involvement in the etiology of ankylosing spondylitis.     

Frequent mutations of chromatin remodeling genes in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common type of bladder cancer. Here we sequenced the exomes of nine individuals with TCC and screened all the somatically mutated genes in a prevalence set of 88 additional individuals with TCC with different tumor stages and grades. In our study, we discovered a variety of genes previously unknown to be mutated in TCC. Notably, we identified genetic aberrations of the chromatin remodeling genes (UTX, MLL-MLL3, CREBBP-EP300, NCOR1, ARID1A and CHD6) in 59% of our 97 subjects with TCC. Of these genes, we showed UTX to be altered substantially more frequently in tumors of low stages and grades, highlighting its potential role in the classification and diagnosis of bladder cancer. Our results provide an overview of the genetic basis of TCC and suggest that aberration of chromatin regulation might be a hallmark of bladder cancer.     

Cdk5 targets active Src for ubiquitin-dependent degradation by phosphorylating Src(S75)

The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src is a critical regulator of cytoskeletal contraction, cell adhesion, and migration. In normal cells, Src activity is stringently controlled by Csk-dependent phosphorylation of Src(Y530), and by Cullin-5-dependent ubiquitinylation, which affects active Src(pY419) exclusively, leading to its degradation by the proteosome. Previous work has shown that Src activity is also limited by Cdk5, a proline-directed kinase, which has been shown to phosphorylate Src(S75). Here we show that this phosphorylation promotes the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Src, thus restricting the availability of active Src. We demonstrate that Src(S75) phosphorylation occurs in vivo in epithelial cells, and like ubiquitinylation, is associated only with active Src. Preventing Cdk5-dependent phosphorylation of Src(S75), by site-specific mutation of S75 or by Cdk5 inhibition or suppression, increases Src(Y419) phosphorylation and kinase activity, resulting in Src-dependent cytoskeletal changes. In transfected cells, ubiquitinylation of Src(S75A) is about 35% that of wild-type Src-V5, and its half-life is approximately 2.5-fold greater. Cdk5 suppression leads to a comparable decrease in the ubiquitinylation of endogenous Src and a similar increase in Src stability. Together, these findings demonstrate that Cdk5-dependent phosphorylation of Src(S75) is a physiologically significant mechanism of regulating intracellular Src activity.     

虚拟示波器及其信号源构建

文章以测控系统中虚拟示波器和信号源的构建为例,详细地讨论了虚拟仪器系统的功能特点,并给出了虚拟仪器系统构建所需要的硬件及软件技术。     

我国工业企业技术创新能力研究

技术创新能力是入世后我国工业企业得以持续发展的根本保证。在介绍了我国工业企业技术创新能力的现状的基础上,分析了影响我国工业企业技术创新能力的因素,最后提出了改进建议。     

试论图书馆联盟在信息网格应用中的作用

介绍了信息网格和图书馆联盟的涵义,阐述了网格技术应用过程中的问题,探讨了图书馆联盟在信息网格应用中的作用,指出图书馆联盟作为图书馆际合作组织,在信息网格时代应利用信息网格技术推动图书馆际间资源共享,提高图书馆信息服务质量和能力,促进信息网格的信息连通,使其逐渐成熟。     

新时期我国经济技术开发区发展的形势、方向和任务研究

经济技术开发区作为一种特殊类型经济功能区,在我国改革开放和经济发展过程中发挥着重要作用,同时也存在许多突出问题。在新形势下,来自经济全球化国际大背景和全面建设小康社会国内大环境的双重影响,使得经济技术开发区面临着新的机遇和挑战。立足国内外经济社会发展变化趋势,应进一步明确我国经济技术开发区中长期发展方向和定位,并在此基础上提出“十一五”及今后一段时期面临的重点任务。     

信息战的发展走向和要求

信息战作为现代高技术条件下战争取胜的基础,世界各国都在积极研究和发展。从世界各国信息战的发展动向、中国面临的形势等方面进行了分析,并提出了加强中国信息战的要求和建议。     

基于有序Logistic回归模型的北京高校男生有氧能力

为探索北京高校男生有氧能力的影响因素,通过随机抽样法抽取134名18~25岁北京高校男生,空腹抽静脉血测血液指标,用德国MetaMax 3B系统实时监测气体代谢,通过线性递增方案测得VO2max相对值。基于Spearman相关、有序Logistic回归等分析方法进行分析处理。结果表明：北京高校男生有序Logistic回归方程：Ln{P(Y≤1|x)/1-P(Y≤1|x)}=-2.757-0.067*X1-0.025*X2+0.066*X3+0.018*X4-0.009*X5;Ln{P(Y≤2|x)/1-P(Y≤2|x)}=-0.771-0.067*X1-0.025*X2+0.066*X3+0.018*X4-0.009*X5（X1=体重、X2=心率(heart rate, HR)、X3=每搏输出量(stroke volume, SVI)、X4=心室射血时间(ventricular ejection time, VET)、X5=血红蛋白(hemoglobin, HGB)）。回归方程模型系数综合检验步(step)、块(block)、模型(model)检验的P值均小于0.01;拟合优度检验的-2对数似然值(-2LL)为159.374,Cox&SnellR2为0.331,NagelkerkeR2为0.373;预测等级1准确率为45.5%,等级2准确率为100%,等级3准确率为100%,综合为81.8%,说明Logistic回归模型性能良好。Hosmer和Lemeshow检验预测值与观望值无显著性差异（P>0.05）。可见北京高校男生定量负荷心功能、血液指标与有氧能力的多元Logistic回归模型拟合度较好,且HR、SVI、VET、HGB是有氧运动能力的重要预测因素。