WDR34 is a novel TAK1-associated suppressor of the IL-1R/TLR3/TLR4-induced NF-κB activation pathway

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) act as sensors of microbial components and elicit innate immune responses. All TLR signaling pathways activate the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), which controls the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes. Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is critically involved in the activation of NF-κB by tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and TLR ligands. In this study, we identified a novel protein, WD40 domain repeat protein 34 (WDR34) as a TAK1-interacting protein in yeast two-hybrid screens. WDR34 interacted with TAK1, TAK1-binding protein 2 (TAB2), TAK1-binding protein 3 (TAB3) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) in overexpression and under physiological conditions. Overexpression of WDR34 inhibited IL-1β-, polyI:C- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced but not TNFα-induced NF-κB activation, whereas knockdown of WDR34 by a RNA-interference construct potentiated NF-κB activation by these ligands. Our findings suggest that WDR34 is a TAK1-associated inhibitor of the IL-1R/TLR3/TLR4-induced NF-κB activation pathway. D. Gao and R. Wang contributed equally to this work.     

变电站并联电容器谐波放大及改进措施

提出了谐波等值网络化简法,分析各奇次谐波下随电容器组投入情况不同,变电站等值网络的变化过程,研究了电容器支路发生谐波谐振放大的各种可能性.并在此基础上,指出电容器组须按照分析结果进行投运,以避开谐振点,从而避免谐波电流放大的发生.对驻马店变电站实际运行电容器组进行的仿真分析,证明了所提出分析方法的正确性和有效性.该方法对实际生产运行具有指导意义,可避免传统方法所造成的设备浪费,对多数带并联补偿的三绕组电力变压器都适用,并可作为校验方法供设计时使用.     

未知数量稀疏源的盲分离方法

提出了一种新的用于未知数量稀疏源的盲分离的统一方法.为了改善聚类分离的精度,首先选取混合空间中半径给定、中心位于原点的超球面以外的数据点,并将这些数据点映射到中心位于原点的单位超球面上.由此,原来的超平面线性聚类变为致密聚类,各聚类互相重叠的现象消失.然后,通过对这些映射到单位超球面上的数据点进行聚类分离来估计混合矩阵,再利用混合矩阵估计源,其中最佳不相似阈值和相应的聚类数量是自动生成的.仿真实验验证了该方法对实际音频信号包括语音信号的有效性.仿真结果表明该方法精确、简便,稳定性好,且计算量较小.     

多元复合地基沉降计算方法探讨

以Winkler分布弹簧模拟垫层的作用,考虑垫层、桩和土之间的相互作用;并以Geddes解和Boussinesq解为依据,求出了在单位荷载下网格单元顶部的沉降,即单元的柔度系数;运用弹性理论叠加原理,建立了包括桩顶沉降、土顶沉降及其对应荷载的线性方程组.求解该方程可以进一步求出多元复合地基中主桩、次桩对土的桩土应力比和主桩、次桩及土的荷载分担比.通过工程实例进行分析,表明本文方法的计算结果和现场实测结果符合很好.     

Differentiated cells are more efficient than adult stem cells for cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer

Since the creation of Dolly via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), more than a dozen species of mammals have been cloned using this technology. One hypothesis for the limited success of cloning via SCNT (1%-5%) is that the clones are likely to be derived from adult stem cells. Support for this hypothesis comes from the findings that the reproductive cloning efficiency for embryonic stem cells is five to ten times higher than that for somatic cells as donors and that cloned pups cannot be produced directly from cloned embryos derived from differentiated B and T cells or neuronal cells. The question remains as to whether SCNT-derived animal clones can be derived from truly differentiated somatic cells. We tested this hypothesis with mouse hematopoietic cells at different differentiation stages: hematopoietic stem cells, progenitor cells and granulocytes. We found that cloning efficiency increases over the differentiation hierarchy, and terminally differentiated postmitotic granulocytes yield cloned pups with the greatest cloning efficiency.     

基于延时限制的无线局域网DCF丢包率性能分析

针对无线局域网中具有延时限制的多媒体业务,提出了基于理想信道和有限数目节点假设的带延时约束的DCF接入丢包率分析模型.分析了基本接入方式下给定延时限制的系统丢包率性能并通过仿真验证了分析模型的可靠性.研究结果表明:在固定延时约束条件下,丢包率随系统中节点数量的增加而增大;在固定节点数目时,分组的延时限制越紧,丢包率越高.此外,还研究了初始竞争窗和最大退避阶数对丢包率性能的影响.     

IFT54 regulates IFT20 stability but is not essential for tubulin transport during ciliogenesis

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is required for ciliogenesis by ferrying ciliary components using IFT complexes as cargo adaptors. IFT54 is a component of the IFT-B complex and is also associated with cytoplasmic microtubules (MTs). Loss of IFT54 impairs cilia assembly as well as cytoplasmic MT dynamics. The N-terminal calponin homology (CH) domain of IFT54 interacts with tubulins/MTs and has been proposed to transport tubulin during ciliogenesis, whereas the C-terminal coiled-coil (CC) domain binds IFT20. However, the precise function of these domains in vivo is not well understood. We showed that in Chlamydomonas, loss of IFT54 completely blocks ciliogenesis but does not affect spindle formation and proper cell cycle progression, even though IFT54 interacts with mitotic MTs. Interestingly, IFT54 lacking the CH domain allows proper flagellar assembly. The CH domain is required for the association of IFT54 with the axoneme but not with mitotic MTs, and also regulates the flagellar import of IFT54 but not IFT81 and IFT46. The C-terminal CC domain is essential for IFT54 to bind IFT20, and for its recruitment to the basal body and incorporation into IFT complexes. Complete loss of IFT54 or the CC domain destabilizes IFT20. ift54 mutant cells expressing the CC domain alone rescue the stability of IFT20 and form stunted flagella with accumulation of both IFT-A component IFT43 and IFT-B component IFT46, indicating that IFT54 also functions in IFT turn-around at the flagellar tip.     

探月工程三期月地高速再入返回飞行器防热系统设计与验证

本文针对月地高速再入返回的高焓、二次大气层再入、高热流密度峰值与长加热时间耦合的气动加热环境特点,提出了飞行器防热系统设计方案,研制了七种新型碳硅复合烧蚀防热材料,建立了防热系统分析模型,并完成了地面试验验证.经对飞行试验数据的详细分析,结果表明防热系统的实际性能与设计预期一致.     

A genome-wide association study in Han Chinese identifies new susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis

To identify susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study in Han Chinese. In the discovery stage, we analyzed 1,356,350 autosomal SNPs in 1,837 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis and 4,231 controls; in the validation stage, we analyzed 30 suggestive SNPs in an additional 2,100 affected individuals and 3,496 controls. We identified two new susceptibility loci between EDIL3 and HAPLN1 at 5q14.3 (rs4552569; P = 8.77 × 10(-10)) and within ANO6 at 12q12 (rs17095830; P = 1.63 × 10(-8)). We also confirmed previously reported associations in Europeans within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (top SNP, rs13202464; P < 5 × 10(-324)) and at 2p15 (rs10865331; P = 1.98 × 10(-8)). We show that rs13202464 within the MHC region mainly represents the risk effect of HLA-B*27 variants (including HLA-B*2704, HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2715) in Chinese. The two newly discovered loci implicate genes related to bone formation and cartilage development, suggesting their potential involvement in the etiology of ankylosing spondylitis.