广义KdV方程的显式精确解

借助计算机代数系统Maple,采用三角函数法,得到有别于其他方法解的广义KdV方程的显式精确解。     

Fermentation of xylose to produce ethanol by recombinant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</Emphasis> strain containing <Emphasis Type="Italic">XYLA</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">XKS1</Emphasis>

Fermentation of the pentose sugar xylose to produce ethanol using lignocellulosic biomass would make bioethanol production economically more competitive. Saccharomyce cerevisise, an efficient ethanol producer, cannot utilize xylose because it lacks the ability to convert xylose to its isomer xylulose. In this study, XYLA gene encoding xylose isomerase (XI) from Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis MB4T and XKS1 gene encoding xylulokinase (XK) from Pichia stipitis were cloned and functionally coexpressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae EF-326 to construct a recombinant xylose-utilizing strain. The resulting strain S. cerevisiae EF 1014 not only grew on xylose as sole carbon source, but also produced ethanol under anaerobic conditions. Fermentations performed with different xylose concentrations at different temperatures demonstrated that the highest ethanol productivity was 0.11 g/g xylose when xylose concentration was provided at 50 g/L. Under this condition, 28.4% of xylose was consumed and 1.54 g/L xylitol was formed. An increasing fermentation temperature from 30℃ to 37℃ did not improve ethanol yield.     

D－5格式数字录像机

对Ｄ-５格式分量数字录像机的主要内容进行介绍和分析，并较详细地阐述了其功能、特点．     

Crystal structure of a voltage-gated sodium channel in two potentially inactivated states

In excitable cells, voltage-gated sodium (Na(V)) channels activate to initiate action potentials and then undergo fast and slow inactivation processes that terminate their ionic conductance. Inactivation is a hallmark of Na(V) channel function and is critical for control of membrane excitability, but the structural basis for this process has remained elusive. Here we report crystallographic snapshots of the wild-type Na(V)Ab channel from Arcobacter butzleri captured in two potentially inactivated states at 3.2?? resolution. Compared to previous structures of Na(V)Ab channels with cysteine mutations in the pore-lining S6 helices (ref. 4), the S6 helices and the intracellular activation gate have undergone significant rearrangements: one pair of S6 helices has collapsed towards the central pore axis and the other S6 pair has moved outward to produce a striking dimer-of-dimers configuration. An increase in global structural asymmetry is observed throughout our wild-type Na(V)Ab models, reshaping the ion selectivity filter at the extracellular end of the pore, the central cavity and its residues that are analogous to the mammalian drug receptor site, and the lateral pore fenestrations. The voltage-sensing domains have also shifted around the perimeter of the pore module in wild-type Na(V)Ab, compared to the mutant channel, and local structural changes identify a conserved interaction network that connects distant molecular determinants involved in Na(V) channel gating and inactivation. These potential inactivated-state structures provide new insights into Na(V) channel gating and novel avenues to drug development and therapy for a range of debilitating Na(V) channelopathies.     

中等浓度表面活性剂溶液流变特性的实验研究

为研究剪切速率和溶液浓度对中等浓度表面活性剂溶液流变特性的影响,在25℃、1～300s-1剪切速率范围内,对质量分数分别为0.05%、0.07%、0.10%和0.15%的CTAC/NaSal表面活性剂溶液进行稳态模式下的流变测量.研究表明,随着表面活性剂浓度的增大,由剪切诱导转变引起的黏度增稠率依次减小,当浓度达到某一临界饱和值时不再有剪切诱导转变发生,该浓度所对应的黏度-剪切速率流变曲线称为最大黏度线.当浓度低于临界饱和浓度时,在以临界剪切速率为界的两区域内,剪切速率-剪切应力流变曲线分别符合对数模型.从能量的视角分析了剪切诱导结构(SIS)可能的形成机理,指出诱导SIS形成的临界能量值本质上是由胶束结构决定的.从流变的角度指出,对于中等浓度的表面活性剂溶液,SIS不再是产生湍流减阻的必要条件.     

一个具有四翼混沌吸引子的新系统及其参数辨识

研究了一个新的复杂的四维混沌系统,该系统每个方程中包含一个三次乘积项,有9个平衡点,它们相对于原点和坐标轴具有完美的对称性,并且相对于线性特性有很好的相似性.基于稳定性理论,通过选取正确的初始值和合适的观测器,迅速、精确地辨识该系统的未知参数.此方法可以推广应用于一类连续动力系统.数值仿真证明了该方法的正确性和有效性.     

连铸电磁旋流水口流体流动和夹杂物行为

采用数值模拟方法对连铸电磁旋流水口内流体流动和夹杂物碰撞长大行为进行了研究.数值结果表明电磁旋流水口出口处流体流动扩张角与低熔点合金实验值相符.旋转磁场对浸入式水口内壁夹杂物沉积行为存在两个相反的作用：一方面旋转磁场作用加强了水口壁面处钢液的湍流流动,加速了夹杂物在水口内壁的沉积吸附速率;另一方面水口内壁附近夹杂物在旋转磁场产生的旋流作用下易被携带至水口中心,削弱了水口内壁对夹杂物的黏附.在上述两方面因素作用下,钢液区存在一个最佳磁感应强度可使水口内壁夹杂物沉积速率降至最低,从而减轻水口结瘤现象.     

连轧钢管限动芯棒温度场及热疲劳有限元分析

针对340MPM机组(Multi-Stand Pipe Mill限动芯棒连轧管机组)芯棒服役过程建立三维有限元模型,研究芯棒在服役过程中温度场变化规律.同时,通过对热应力的研究,分析了芯棒热疲劳裂纹萌生机理及裂纹在芯棒内部的扩展规律.对比实测数据与模拟结果,认为所建立的有限元模型能够反映芯棒温度变化趋势.芯棒首次脱管后表面最高温度为630℃,此后经历三次反复的水冷降温和空冷返温过程,冷却结束后表面最高温度为98℃.脱管后,芯棒表面轴向和环向压缩热应力均达到900 MPa,第三次水冷结束时刻,轴向拉伸热应力达到186 MPa,环向拉伸热应力达到221 MPa.芯棒的拉压交变热应力使其表面出现热疲劳裂纹并逐渐扩展,环向裂纹扩展至距表面17.5mm深、轴向裂纹扩展至距表面20mm深时会显著受阻,热应力对轴向裂纹的促进作用强于环向裂纹.     

基于广义椭球基函数模糊神经网络的油轮转向动态响应模型(英文)

基于广义椭球基函数模糊神经网络(GEBF-FNN)算法,提出一种新颖的油轮转向动态响应模型.通过事先建立好的一组油轮操纵非线性微分方程获得训练数据,GEBF-FNN算法用于在线辨识Nomoto型油轮转向响应模型的参数K和T.具体地,GEBF-FNN模型从没有任何模糊规则开始,基于规则生长准则和参数估计方法,在线生成模糊规则,从而学习出由一组模糊规则构成的具有高精度和精简系统结构的油轮转向动态响应模型.为验证该动态响应模型的有效性,针对典型的Z形操纵进行仿真研究,并进行广泛的比较研究,仿真结果显示基于GEBF-FNN算法的油轮动态响应模型具有理想的逼近和预测性能.