Study of Spherulite Growth Rate and Morphology of Polypropylene -based Blends by Image Processing Technology

The method for measuring the spherulite growth rate and studying the morphology of polypropylene - based blends by image processing technology is described. The main advantages of this method, as compared to existing techniques, are: better reliability; reproducibility; ease of manipulation. Such an approach provides a means of measuring the rate of spherulite growth. In this study, isotactic polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS)/PP, and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)/PP have been studied. The results show that the technology of image analysis is very useful in the study of the kinetics of crystallization of polymer.     

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF WATER-RETENTIVE, FLAME-RETARDANT ACRYLIC FIBERS

The blend fibers of acrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride-sodium methallysulfonate copolymer(AN-VDC-SMAS) and cellulose acetate (CA) with various blend ratios were investigated bymeans of SEM, DDV, WAXD, etc. The results show that AN-VDC-SMAS and CA areincompatibale; the numerous microvoids in the blend fiber resulted from the phase seperationcan remarkably improve the water absorbability and the dyeing behavior but hardly influencethe mechanical properties. On the other hand, the crystal structure of the continuous phaseAN-VDC-SMAS is not influnced by the dispersed phase CA.     

Influence of Molecular Weight of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyacrylonitrile on Its Rheological Behavior in Dimethylsulfoxide

Ultra-high molecular weight polyacrylonitrile (UHMW-PAN ) was prepared by aqueous suspension polymerization, and the effect of molecular weight on its rheological behaviors hi dimethylsulf oxide (DMSO) and the spinning stability were investigated. It shows that, compared with common polyacrylonitrile ( C-PAN), UHMW-PAN/DMSO solution has smaller non-Newtonian index, larger structural viscosity index, much longer maximum relaxation time, and no first-Newtonian region appears in the flow curves under the same experimental conditions. The explanations for these phenomena are given in the view of chain-entanglements. The optimal technology of preparing UHMW-PAN fibers and hollow fiber membranes could be obtained based on the rheological study.     

Cu_(60)Zr_(29)Ti_(11)大块非晶合金的黏度特征和强液体行为

采用铜模铸造法制备了Cu60Zr29Ti11大块非晶合金,用X射线衍射仪、三点压弯式黏度仪对该非晶合金的动力学性质进行了研究.测定了大块非晶合金Cu60Zr29Ti11在过冷液相区的黏度,得到了它的动力学脆性系数m=31,以及流变激活能E=63.4kJ/mol.表明大块非晶合金Cu60Zr29Ti11是一种强液体,有较强的非晶形成能力,形成非晶比较稳定.分析了合金在过冷态的流变激活能变化规律,发现流变激活能的变化并不符合Kivelson的Super-Arrhenius公式.     

OFDL器件中损耗的影响

针对实验中定向耦合器分光比与设计值误差对OFDL器件信号处理功能的影响,作者提出利用网路损耗进行补偿的方案。对RDL的研究表明,该方法能很好地补偿分光比误差,理论与实验结果基本吻合。     

双酚A型聚碳酸酯的合成与性能研究进展

对双酚A型聚碳酸酯的合成与性能进行了系统综述.详细介绍了光气法、氧化羰化法和酯交换法催化合成聚酯方面的研究进展,分析了催化剂和反应工艺条件对聚醋合成的影响,指出各种合成方法存在的优缺点.酯交换法是非光气合成聚酯的重要方法,其中包括碳酸二苯酯(DMC)法和碳酸二甲酯(DMC)法.在DPC合成法中,副产物苯酚的脱挥比较困难,往往需要在高温低压条件下进行,因此在缩聚过程中常常伴随副反应发生,造成产品质量下降.DMC是合成DPC的重要原料,开发DMC直接合成聚碳酸酯,避免了中间体DPC的合成,减少了反应步骤.与DPC法相比较,DMC法中副产物甲醇脱挥比较容易,但该反应平衡转化率低,因此需要选择合适的工艺条件促进平衡移动.此外,在聚酯性能和改性方面也进行了系统分析,展望了合成和改性的研究前景.