Dynamic mass variation and multiphase interaction among steel,slag, lining refractory and nonmetallic inclusions: Laboratory experiments and mathematical prediction

The mass transfer among the multiphase interactions among the steel, slag, lining refractory, and nonmetallic inclusions during the refining process of a bearing steel was studied using laboratory experiments and numerical kinetic prediction. Experiments on the system with and without the slag phase were carried out to evaluate the influence of the refractory and the slag on the mass transfer. A mathematical model coupled the ion and molecule coexistence theory, coupled-reaction model, and the surface renewal theory was established to predict the dy-namic mass transfer and composition transformation of the steel, the slag, and nonmetallic inclusions in the steel. During the refining process, Al2O3 inclusions transformed into MgO inclusions owing to the mass transfer of [Mg] at the steel/refractory interface and (MgO) at the slag/re-fractory interface. Most of the aluminum involved in the transport entered the slag and a small part of the aluminum transferred to lining re-fractory, forming the Al2O3 or MgO·Al2O3. The slag had a significant acceleration effect on the mass transfer. The mass transfer rate (or the re-action rate) of the system with the slag was approximately 5 times larger than that of the system without the slag. In the first 20 min of the re-fining, rates of magnesium mass transfer at the steel/inclusion interface, steel/refractory interface, and steel/slag interface were x, 1.1x, and 2.2x, respectively. The composition transformation of inclusions and the mass transfer of magnesium and aluminum in the steel were predicted with an acceptable accuracy using the established kinetic model.     

Effect of superplastic deformation on precipitation behavior of sigma phase in 3207 duplex stainless steel

Owing to excellent strength, toughness and corrosion resistance, duplex stainless steels(DSS) are widely used in constructional and petrochemical applications. Sigma phase, which has detrimental impact on the properties, is readily precipitated during hot working of DSS. However, precipitation behavior of sigma phase during superplastic deformation, which is the most significant processing method of DSS, is still unclear. In the current study,the effect of superplastic deformation on the precipitation behavior of sigma phase was investigated in 3207 duplex stainless steel. The result shows that superplastic deformation could prevent sigma phase precipitation generally by increasing mobility of grain boundaries and decreasing misorientation of the sigma phase boundaries, resulting in some sigma phase precipitated on the twin boundaries. Most of the sigma phase precipitated on ferrite-austenite interface with misorientation of 20–25°, while it precipitated in ferrite or austenite with the misorientation of 40°–45°. The orientation relationship between sigma phase and matrix matched well in austenite and on the ferrite/austenite interfaces, while it showed a small misfit in ferrite. The prevention effect of the superplastic deformation on the sigma phase precipitation was beneficial to quasi stable deformation stage,resulting in longer elongation.     

顺序统计滤波能量驱动的鲁棒快速图像分割

为了提升图像分割的速度与初始轮廓和参数鲁棒性,提出了一种基于有序统计滤波能量驱动的鲁棒主动轮廓模型。首先用顺序统计滤波的边力函数来代替传统的数据拟合,进一步引入边力函数能量泛函快速自适应地吸引曲线向目标的边界演化。为了有效地调节水平集函数,利用优化后的长度项对曲线进行平滑和缩短,并通过标准梯度下降法将能量泛函最小化。最后实验结果表明提出的方法能够更加快速、准确地分割图像,并且对初始轮廓和参数具有较强的鲁棒性。     

分散深蓝HGL(C.I.分散蓝79)染料在高温染色过程中化学稳定性的研究

本文研究了分散深蓝HGL(C.I.分散蓝79)染料用木质素磺酸钠Lignosol D-30为分散剂时高温染色过程中的化学稳定性。发现在高温染色过程中存在着部分染料结构中的Br被H原子所取代的副反应其产物能上染涤纶并影响产品色译。选择低还原性分散剂、降低分散剂用量和控制染浴pH值,可保持该染料高温染色的稳定性,获得较好染色效果。     

钾在水煤气耐硫变换催化剂中的作用

应用微反、XRD和TPR技术,对水煤气耐硫变换Co-Mo-K—O/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂的性能进行了研究。结果表明,原料气中H_2S的浓度在100～500ppm的实验范围内,催化剂中钾的存在能抑制在操作温度大于250℃后产生的反硫化,显著地提高催化剂的活性。K_2O的含量约在10～12%时为佳。XRD观察到,在硫化态的催化剂上,钾以KHSO_3的形式存在。硫化态的催化剂在TPR谱上有两个被H_2还原峰,表明了低温峰(T_m在200～250℃)为硫化物的还原,高温峰(550℃)则对应于氧化物的还原。     

罗非鱼肝细胞作为环境污染生物监测指标的初步研究

应用细胞生物学技术，研究了河北白洋及江西乐安江水样对罗非鱼原代肝细胞的影响，结果表明，白洋淀府河的４个采样点（望亭、际头、大桥、王家寨）水样对罗非鱼肝细胞具有生物毒性，入淀后另２个水样（刘庄，枣林庄）则基本无影响，在乐安江所采集的３个水样中。接渡样点样品对罗非鱼肝细胞毒性最大，沽口，虎山次之。     

提高涤／毛起绒啥味呢耐起球性能的工艺探讨

低比例羊毛的涤／毛啥味呢经过起毛，绒面能够达到满意的程度，但起球较为严重，服用性能较差，我们通过正交试验，并进行了工艺改进，找出了最佳的工艺参数，织物耐起球等服用性能有了较明显的改善。     

三峡风光的人文特色

本文从人文地理学角度论述了三峡风光，用以培养学生热爱祖国大好河山的爱国主义精神．     

1860混合语言的编程技术

Intel公司研制生产的1860是RISC微处理器中的佼佼者.本文介绍了在1860环境下,FORTRAN、C、汇编等多种语言之间的相互调用、参数传递、数据共享与程序接口技术,使其发挥各自语言的优势,达到在FORTRAN高级语言中可直接控制硬件的目的.文中最后还给出了实例.