全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10204篇 |
免费 | 23篇 |
国内免费 | 37篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 30篇 |
丛书文集 | 48篇 |
教育与普及 | 30篇 |
理论与方法论 | 24篇 |
现状及发展 | 3961篇 |
研究方法 | 522篇 |
综合类 | 5481篇 |
自然研究 | 168篇 |
出版年
2012年 | 151篇 |
2011年 | 325篇 |
2010年 | 60篇 |
2009年 | 54篇 |
2008年 | 168篇 |
2007年 | 208篇 |
2006年 | 192篇 |
2005年 | 214篇 |
2004年 | 210篇 |
2003年 | 190篇 |
2002年 | 205篇 |
2001年 | 429篇 |
2000年 | 437篇 |
1999年 | 294篇 |
1996年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 269篇 |
1992年 | 252篇 |
1991年 | 201篇 |
1990年 | 230篇 |
1989年 | 192篇 |
1988年 | 185篇 |
1987年 | 190篇 |
1986年 | 201篇 |
1985年 | 264篇 |
1984年 | 201篇 |
1983年 | 163篇 |
1982年 | 135篇 |
1981年 | 140篇 |
1980年 | 144篇 |
1979年 | 325篇 |
1978年 | 263篇 |
1977年 | 215篇 |
1976年 | 191篇 |
1975年 | 195篇 |
1974年 | 206篇 |
1973年 | 176篇 |
1972年 | 206篇 |
1971年 | 245篇 |
1970年 | 304篇 |
1969年 | 229篇 |
1968年 | 226篇 |
1967年 | 194篇 |
1966年 | 223篇 |
1965年 | 149篇 |
1959年 | 75篇 |
1958年 | 123篇 |
1957年 | 81篇 |
1956年 | 58篇 |
1954年 | 62篇 |
1948年 | 57篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
W. M. Tom V. Prasongwatana T. R. C. Boyde 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1985,41(8):1046-1047
Summary In vitamin A-deficient rats, the glutathione level in lung was diminished and microsomal lipid peroxidation much increased. In vitamin A-loaded animals, however, both were depressed below control. Thus vitamin A protection against lipid peroxidation is independent of glutathione.Acknowledgments. We thank Dr L. Y. Y. Fong and Mr David Y. H. Woo for preparing the animals used in this research, for retinol determinations and for valuable discussions, and also the China Medical Board of New York and the University of Hong Kong for the award of a Fellowship to V.P. 相似文献
992.
993.
Actin microfilament dynamics in locomoting cells 总被引:71,自引:0,他引:71
The dynamic behaviour of actin filaments has been directly observed in living, motile cells using fluorescence photoactivation. In goldfish epithelial keratocytes, the actin microfilaments in the lamellipodium remain approximately fixed relative to the substrate as the cell moves over them, regardless of cell speed. The rate of turnover of actin subunits in the lamellipodium is remarkably rapid. Cell movement is directly and tightly coupled to the formation of new actin filaments at the leading edge. 相似文献
994.
995.
'Pseudo' domains in phage-encoded DNA methyltransferases 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
5-Cytosine-DNA-methyltransferases, which are found in many organisms ranging from bacteriophages to mammals, transfer a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to the carbon-5 of a cytosine residue in specific DNA target sequences. Some phage-encoded methyltransferases methylate more than one sequence: these enzymes contain several independent target-recognizing domains each responsible for recognizing a different site. The amino-acid sequences of these multispecific methyltransferases reveal that some enzymes in addition carry domains that do not contribute to the enzymes' methylation potential, but strongly resemble previously identified target-recognizing domains. Here we show that introducing defined amino-acid alterations into these inactive domains endows these enzymes with additional methylation specificities. Gel retardation analysis demonstrates that these novel methylation specificities correlate with the acquisition of additional DNA-binding potential of the proteins. 相似文献
996.
T. A. Brown R. G. Allaby K. A. Brown K. O'Donoghue R. Sallares 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1994,50(6):571-575
We have used hybridization analysis to detect ancient DNA in wheat seeds collected from three archaeological sites in Europe and the Middle East. One of these samples, carbonizedT. spelta dated to the first millennium BC, has yielded PCR products after amplification with primers directed at the leader regions of the HMW (high molecular weight) glutenin alleles. Sequences obtained from these products suggest that the DNA present in the Danebury seeds is chemically damaged, as expected for ancient DNA, and also indicate that it should be possible to study the genetic variability of archaeological wheat by ancient DNA analysis. Finally, we describe a PCR-based system that enables tetraploid and hexaploid wheats to be distinguished. 相似文献
997.
Construction of an improved baculovirus insecticide containing an insect-specific toxin gene 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
L M Stewart M Hirst M López Ferber A T Merryweather P J Cayley R D Possee 《Nature》1991,352(6330):85-88
Baculoviruses provide alternatives to chemicals for controlling insect pests and can be applied by spraying. Baculoviruses have a limited host range, but work relatively slowly. They are dissolved in the midgut of insect larvae to release infectious virions which enter gut epithelial cells and begin to replicate. Replication in other organs causes extensive tissue damage and eventually death. This process can take 4-5 days, but in the field may last for more than a week, allowing the larvae to feed for longer and thereby damaging the host plant. Baculovirus expression vectors expressing foreign genes, such as those for insect-specific toxins, hormones or enzymes, might alleviate this problem. We have now constructed a recombinant baculovirus derived from Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus containing an insect-specific neurotoxin from the venom of the North African (Algerian) scorpion, Androctonus australis Hector. The neurotoxin acts by causing specific modifications to the Na+ conductance of neurons, producing a presynaptic excitatory effect leading to paralysis and death; it has no effect in mice. Expression of the neurotoxin by the virus causes a reduction in the time required to kill the host insect. 相似文献
998.
T cells that recognize self antigen are clonally deleted in the thymus--a maturation process that occurs in the context of histocompatibility molecules and the T-cell receptor. The minor lymphocyte stimulation antigens (Mls) effect these deletions through interactions with the V beta portion of the T-cell receptor, thus mimicking bacterial 'superantigens'. Intrigued by the fact that each known Mls gene maps to the same chromosomal region as an endogenous mouse mammary tumour virus (Mtv), we reevaluated the linkage relationships between the two gene families. Here we report perfect concordance in inbred and recombinant inbred mice between the presence of four Mtv proviruses with the expression of Mls gene products. These data suggest a general model in which mammary tumour virus gene products themselves are the ligands that shape a considerable portion of the immunological repertoire of common laboratory mice. 相似文献
999.
Protein structure. Prediction of progress at last 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
1000.
Whose larvae? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1