Experimental study on multi-point autoignition characteristics and influence factors of diesel spray in a controllable active thermo-atmosphere

Auto-ignition characteristics of high-pressure diesel spray in the controllable active thermo-atmos-phere (CATA) were studied with a high-speed camera video system. Multi-point autoignition phe-nomenon of diesel spray in the CATA was observed and the influence factors of the autoignition were analyzed. The stabilization mechanisms of the spray flame in different coflow temperatures were also discussed. The stabilization of the flames was controlled by different factors: autoignition phenomenon in low coflow temperature and flame spread in high coflow temperature. The test results also show that the autoignition delay depends strongly on the coflow temperature and has nonlinear relationship with the temperature. Autoignition delay decreases by almost 10 ms from 16.9 to 7.1 ms when the coflow temperature increases from 996 to 1048 K and only 4 ms from 1048 to 1101 K. The injection parameters in terms of nozzle diameter, injection pressure and pump speed, have some effects on autoignition delay while these effects depend on the coflow temperature. The significant effect lies in low coflow temperature. The injection parameters influence the autoignition delay because it can shorten the physical delay by improving the spray quality and enlarging the spray angle or penetration rate to im-prove mixture quality.     

语音识别中HMM与自组织神经网络结合的混合模型

基于隐马尔可夫模型和自组织神经网络模型提出了一种用于语音识别的混合模型,给出了训练调整权向量的算法,实验结果表明其在语音识别中具有很好的性能·     

需求工程——对复杂系统的软件工程的基础研究

国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目＂需求工程——对复杂系统的软件工程的基础研究＂针对软件在网络计算环境下成为服务的趋势,开展服务于大众的网络化软件需求元描述的关键科学问题研究,为网络时代的软件工程提供基础理论和关键技术支撑。本文介绍了该项目启动两年来取得的一些重要研究进展。     

生物炼制细胞工厂的科学基础

生物炼制是以生物可再生资源为原料生产能源与化工产品的新型工业模式。认识并利用微生物广泛的物质分解转化与卓越的化学合成能力,将微生物改造成为高效的生物炼制细胞工厂,使生物炼制逐步取代传统石油炼制,对于降低化石资源消耗、最终实现工业原材料来源的战略大转移、促进经济社会的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文分析了构建生物炼制细胞工厂亟待解决的关键问题,介绍了有关生物炼制细胞工厂的国内外最新研究进展,并对生物炼制细胞工厂的发展前景进行了展望。作为工业生物技术的核心支撑技术之一,生物炼制细胞工厂必将在解决资源、能源问题中起到重要作用。     

跨期选择的神经机制：从折扣未来获益到折扣未来损失

跨期选择是对不同时间产生的结果进行权衡的决策过程。该过程不仅涉及到获益,往往也涉及到损失。以往对跨期选择神经机制的影像学研究主要集中在获益情境,而损失条件下的神经机制仍属未知。在本研究中,我们采用事件相关fMRI技术,通过获益和损失对称设计的两个决策任务,考察了跨期选择的神经机制。研究发现,对获得和损失进行折扣的神经机制并不对称。一般来说,当被试对未来的获得与损失进行选择时,侧额叶和后顶叶区域都发生了激活;但在折扣损失时,不仅这两个区域的脑激活更强,脑岛、丘脑、背侧纹状体等区域也显著激活。其次,如果被试需要对即刻获得选项进行选择时,后扣带回和内侧前额叶皮质都会发生激活;而在折扣损失时,前扣带回、脑岛和额上回都会发生激活。这些结果说明,人类的大脑对未来损失比对未来的获得更加敏感,而这可能是由诸如恐惧、厌恶之类的负性情绪所驱动的。这一研究结果为揭开跨期选择时间折扣的神经机制提供了新的证据。     

基于NVH性能的排气系统悬挂点位置设计

基于平均驱动自由度位移（ADDOFD）理论,同时考虑车身侧与排气系统侧的NVH性能,以及各阶模态频率的不同权值的影响,对某车型排气系统吊点位置进行优化布置,并对布置吊点后的排气系统做声学稳健性分析。实际应用表明该设计方法能对汽车排气系统悬挂点选择提供可行性参考建议,在整车开发的初期,有效预测和控制车身结构的NVH性能。     

农田渍害遥感监测方法研究应用进展

首先介绍了农田渍害的表现特征;其次根据监测原理,将国内外农田溃害遥感监测的主要方法分为地表指示标志法、地下水位反演法和与非遥感方法相结合的综合分析法,并分别对各类方法的原理、技术、适用范围及优缺点进行分析,发现各种方法均能解决特定的农田渍害监测问题,同时也存在着缺陷和局限性;最后,进行了总结并指出了两种潜在的遥感监测方...     

一种H．264／AVC去方块效应滤波算法

针对去方块效应滤波的边界强度判断争滤渡过程计算量大的情况,本文提出了一种新的去方块效应滤波算法,分别对边界强度判断和穗渡过程的算法进行优化。综合两部分的优化算法,通过实验结果得知,降低的算法复杂度乎均值达到了9．82％、峰值信噪比（PSNR）乎均值也增加了0．119dB。该算法既降低了算法的复杂度又改善了压缩后视频的质量。     

The base-scale entropy analysis of short-term heart rate variability signal

The complexity of heart rate variability (HRV) signal can reflect physiological functions and healthy status of heart system. Detecting complexity of the short-term HRV signal has an important practical meaning. We introduce the base-scale entropy method to analyze the complexity of time series. The advantages of our method are its simplicity, extremely fast calculation for very short data and anti-noise characteristic. For the well-known chaotic dynamical system- logistic map, it is shown that our complexity behaves similarly to Lyapunov exponents, and is especially effective in the presence of random Gaussian noise. This paper addresses the use of base-scale entropy method to 3 low-dimensional nonlinear deterministic systems. At last, we apply this idea to short-term HRV signal, and the result shows the method could robustly identify patterns generated from healthy and pathologic states, as well as aging. The base-scale entropy can provide convenience in practically applications.