一种新噻吩衍生物单双光子荧光性质的研究

合成了一种基于杂环体系噻吩的新化合物2，5-二(对-N，N-二甲氨基苯乙烯基)噻吩，测定结果表明其能发射出强的蓝绿色荧光，发射蜂位于530nm左右，荧光寿命约为1ns。在不同极性溶剂中，化合物的荧光光谱表现出显著的溶剂效应。800nm fs激光的激发下，目标化合物发出很强的频率上转换荧光，双光子激发荧光谱在外形上与单光子激发荧光谱非常相似。用荧光法测定了目标化合物的双光子吸收截面，结果表明该化合物具有大的双光子吸收截面。     

鼓泡塔和内循环气升式生物反应器混合特性比较

用脉冲示踪法测试了鼓泡塔和内循环气升式生物反应器的停留时间分布，对其流动混合特性作了比较研究．结果表明，内循环气升式生物反应器停留时间分布得到改善，强化了气液传质，有更好的混合效果，提高了反应效率．多参数模型较单参数模型能显著地反映出两种反应器的混合特性及其差别，移位对数正态分布函数模型对实验值的吻合程度优于组合模型．     

容器大小对不同基因型果蝇发生量影响的遗传分析

果蝇发生量是数量性状,选用野生型、檀黑体、残翅和白眼四种不同基因型的果蝇,设计25种不同的杂交组合,并将其培养在不同大小的容器内,统计各种组合的子代果蝇发生量。经方差分析,结果表明:环境(不同容器大小)对果蝇的发生量影响最大。不同基因型以及基因型与环境的互作对果蝇发生量的影响在不同的杂交组合中也达到极显著差异或显著差异。说明果蝇的发生量是由基因型和环境交互作用的结果。     

酚醛树脂结构对树脂砂强度的影响

为提高树脂砂的强度 ,分别在 p H=14、p H=8和p H =3下 ,合成 3种碱性酚醛树脂 ,采用氢核磁谱图 (1 HNMR)和红外谱图 (IR)分析了树脂分子结构 ,并将所合成的树脂应用于 CO2 气硬冷芯盒中。结果表明 ,在 p H=14下合成的树脂分子中具有大量活性羟甲基且部分苯环以甲醚桥相连 ,其树脂砂具有较高的即时强度与终强度 ,其中最大初强度为 0 .6 4 MPa,终强度为 0 .80 MPa。在 p H=8下合成的树脂分子中虽存在大量活性羟甲基但苯环间基本上以亚甲基桥相连 ,其树脂砂抗拉强度较低。而在 p H=3下合成的树脂中基本没有活性羟甲基 ,其树脂砂即时强度最低     

Determination of Henry''s Law constant for methyl hydroperoxide by long path FTIR

Methyl hydroperoxide (MHP, CH3OOH) is one of the main organic peroxides in the atmosphere. In order to understand how MHP partitions in atmospheric gas and liquid phases, the Henry's Law constant for its aqueous solution is determined. A novel technique is established for measuring gas-phase MHP concentration, I.e. The gas phase is collected by a gas-bag and then analyzed by long path Fourier transform infrared (LP-FTIR) spectrometry. At 283 K～303 K, the temperature dependence of the Henry's Law constant for MHP can be expressed as lnKH= a/T - b, a = 4386 ± 140, b = 9.19 ± 0.48, where KH is in unit of molar concentration per atm,and T is in degrees Kelvin. The standard heat of solution is 36.45 ± 1.16 kJ? K- 1? mol-1.     

Approaches to prediction of impact of Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction on alpine ecosystems alongside and its recovery

With the aid of the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the ecosystem pattern and fragility distribution maps of the 50-km-wide zone along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were compiled and by using the superimposition method, range, area and indexes of the impact of various engineering activities on the ecosystems alongside the railway were studied. By making reference to the ecosystem recovery process of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, mechanisms of recovery of the alpine ecosystems alongside the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were studied and extents and rates of the recovery were predicted.The results indicate that the impact of the railway engineering on the Alpine ecosystem depends mainly on how much the original surface soil in the zone has been disturbed and how fragile of the ecosystem per se. Restoration of vegetation coverage and species abundance shows a significantly reverse relationship with disturbance of the original surface soil but an extremely positive one with the length of the restoration period and mean annual precipitation and annual mean relative humidity in the period and no obvious bearings with altitude and temperature. In sections with an annual precipitation over 200mm, as long as a certain percentage of original soil is left in situ, it takes only 30 years or so for biodiversity to get basically restored to the original level after the construction is completed but at least 45-60 years or more for vegetation coverage.     

Analysis of carbon isotopes in airborne carbonate and implications for aeolian sources

Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance.     

Photocatalytic effect of nature and modified V-bearing rutile

A natural rutile TiO2, which displays photocatalysis on degrading halohydrocarbon pollutants, was reported. The rutile contains up to 1.22% V2O5 (weight percent). Substitutions of Ti by V, as well as Fe, Cu and Zn, result in lattice distortions and defects. Grinding, heating and quenching modify the surface characteristics of ruffle, and consequently increase its photoactivity. It is found that the heating and quenching treatments enhance visible-light absorption of ruffle, especially at 1000 and 1100℃. Ground rutile is effective to degrade tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene. While, heating at 1000℃, and quenching at 1000 and 1100℃ distinctly improve degradation rate of samples. The special properties of the natural rutile have particular capabilities in photocatalytic oxidation, especially in degradation of halohydrocarbons.     

二十二碳六烯酸乙酯对沙土鼠缺血再灌注脑损伤及水肿作用的研究

研究二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(E-DHA)对沙土鼠缺血再灌注脑损伤及其脑水肿的影响.选用雄性断奶沙土鼠灌胃给予二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(150 mg/(kg·d))或等体积溶媒10周,阻断沙土鼠双侧颈总动脉血流10 min,造成缺血再灌注模型;测定再灌注后脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)水平,还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,超歧化氧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和钾、钠-ATP酶(Na ,K -ATPase)活性,脑水含量,钠、钾离子浓度及海马CA1区神经细胞存活百分数.结果表明:E-DHA预处理显著降低缺血再灌注沙土鼠脑组织MDA水平,阻止GSH含量、GSH-PX和Na ,K -ATPase活性下降,而对SOD的活性未表现出明显作用;E-DHA亦调节缺血再灌注沙土鼠脑组织钠、钾离子浓度,减轻缺血再灌注所致的脑水肿和神经细胞死亡.提示E-DHA对脑缺血再灌注脑损伤有显著保护作用,机制可能其与抗氧化作用有关.     

积分时滞过程的非线性比例控制

对积分时滞过程提出一种非线性比例控制算法,该算法只有一个可调参数,简单且实现容易。仿真结果显示该控制结构具有良好的设定值跟踪特性,并且对时滞偏差具有很强的鲁棒性能。最后简要讨论了抗负载干扰的性能。