Exchange of genetic material: a new paradigm in bone cell communications

An emerging concept in intercellular communication in mammals is that communication can be mediated by exchange of genetic material, mainly in the form of RNAs. In this review, we discuss recent studies that describe the trafficking of genetic material with a focus on bone cell communication. Three major carriers are discussed: gap junctions, protein-binding complexes, and genetic material exchange mediated by extracellular vesicles. While protein-level exchange has been well documented, no review has summarized the novel paradigm of cell-to-cell communication by genetic information exchange in bone tissues or its biological relevance in terms of bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases. The purpose of this review is to promote further understanding of this novel discovery regarding bone cell communication and provide references for further investigations.     

铕掺杂的硼锌多金属氧酸盐的合成与发光性研究

制备了高发射率的的稀土多金属氧酸盐BPOM:Eu及ZnPOM:Eu的荧光体,用红外吸收谱及X-射线粉末衍射谱进行了表征,结果表明样品具有Keggin结构.发射光谱结果表明Eu在两类样品中均有肉眼可见的在红光区的强发射,但在BPOM:Eu中以5D0→7F1磁偶极跃迁发射为主;在ZnPOM:Eu中以5D0→7F2电偶极跃迁发射为主.在BPOM:Eu中以铕浓度2.0%发射最强,在ZnPOM:Eu中并未出现浓度猝灭现象.铕离子在两荧光体中均被八个氧以反棱柱配位(EuO8),发射光谱结果表明铕离子在BPOM:Eu中配位环境的对称性高于ZnPOM:Eu.在ZnPOM:Eu中可能由于阴离子的结构松散易受周围次级配位环境的影响,铕离子的配位环境的对称性随浓度增加有所下降.     

掺锡氧化锌变阻器的制备和性能研究

本文采用液相沉淀法以SnC l2.H2O代替SbC l3制备了ZnO(含有5%的B i,Mn,Co,Sn)变阻器.通过SEM和XRD技术确定了我们制备的ZnO基变阻器的晶相及其分布情况,结果表明微观结构包括ZnO主相,Zn2SnO4尖晶石相和富B i2O3相.分析了SnO2对变阻器电性能的影响.当SnO2含量增加时,漏电流明显增大;而非线性系数只对低浓度的SnO2有明显的依赖关系,且存在一个使非线性系数达到极值的临界浓度(1.0 mol%).SnO2的含量对压敏电压没有明显的影响.添加适当含量的B i2O3会提高变阻器的电性能,而过量时则会使变阻器性能劣化.我们得到了漏电流为0.34 A,非线性系数为62,压敏电压为1063V1 mA/mm性能良好的变阻器.     

一种新的基于互信息的图像配准方法

针对目前基于互信息图像配准方法中存在的不足,提出结合图像二维信息(如轮廓和边缘)与互信息的图像配准算法.它首先利用小波多尺度积提取两幅图像的特征点及其角度信息,再根据得到的特征点和角度信息,定义了特征点对互信息匹配准则,得到相应的匹配点对.最后进行了仿真实验,并将结果与由相关度、对齐度准则得到的结果进行比较,所提出的算法匹配误差最小.结果表明该算法具有匹配精确、鲁棒性好和效率高等优点.     

Genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for IgA nephropathy

We carried out a genome-wide association study of IgA nephropathy, a major cause of kidney failure worldwide. We studied 1,194 cases and 902 controls of Chinese Han ancestry, with targeted follow up in Chinese and European cohorts comprising 1,950 cases and 1,920 controls. We identified three independent loci in the major histocompatibility complex, as well as a common deletion of CFHR1 and CFHR3 at chromosome 1q32 and a locus at chromosome 22q12 that each surpassed genome-wide significance (P values for association between 1.59 × 10?2? and 4.84 × 10?? and minor allele odds ratios of 0.63-0.80). These five loci explain 4-7% of the disease variance and up to a tenfold variation in interindividual risk. Many of the alleles that protect against IgA nephropathy impart increased risk for other autoimmune or infectious diseases, and IgA nephropathy risk allele frequencies closely parallel the variation in disease prevalence among Asian, European and African populations, suggesting complex selective pressures.     

影响水库可持续发展指标的灵敏度分析

随着水资源的日趋紧张,评价水库现状,研究探讨水库的可持续发展问题,己成为人们关注的热点．在以往的研究中,虽己有一些文献进行过研讨,但在众多的评价指标中,哪些指标为主要指标,哪些为次要指标,在水库的运行过程中应注意哪些关键指标等等,是人们更为关注的问题．以江苏省某水库为例,对其运行、管理及周围生态环境和社会经济发展状况进行调查,并对调查资料进行分析、归纳、总结;在已有多层多项指标体系基础上,应用层次分析法研究各基层指标对综合指标的影响程度,找出了以结构安全评价指标等为主的8个关键指标,为该水库的长效运营提供了可靠的科学依据．     

氯盐和硫酸盐对遗址土体颗粒级配和界限含水率影响的对比

为了探讨盐分对遗址土体颗粒级配和界限含水率的影响,通过室内试验,对洗盐后的素土分别以0(素土),0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,1.0%的梯度加入NaCl,Na_2SO_4两种可溶盐,测试特定盐分质量分数和类别的含盐土的颗粒粒径分布和界限含水率的变化.试验结果表明:盐分对遗址土体的颗粒级配有一定的影响,尤其对黏粒占比的变化影响显著,随着盐分质量分数的增大,分布在细粉粒和黏粒范围内的颗粒占比相对减小,分布在粗粉粒和砂粒范围内的颗粒占比相对增加,并且Na_2SO_4盐对土体颗粒级配的影响比NaCl盐的显著;随着盐分质量分数的增大,含盐试样的液限含水率、塑限含水率以及塑性指数均逐渐减小,试样由粉质黏土变为粉土,由于盐分的加入,盐分作为电解质对土粒产生团聚作用,黏粒被吸附,使得试样中黏粒占比相对减少.     

Induction of core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder by in vivo CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing in the brain of adolescent rhesus monkeys

Although CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing is widely applied to mimic human disorders,whether acute manipulation of disease-causing genes in the brain leads to ...     

一种测试板与混凝土粘结性能的试件固定装置

为了保证面内单剪试验时试件承受面内剪力,设计了一套试件固定装置,使得试验机上夹具、板和试验机下夹具在同一平面内。利用该装置进行了8个不同粘结长度的铝合金板与混凝土的粘结试件的面内单剪试验。通过铝合金板与混凝土粘结试件的面内单剪试验,得到了如下结论:试件发生混凝土层剥离破坏;极限粘结荷载随着粘贴长度的增大而增大,但结构胶层传递剪力的能力有效度变小,粘贴长度存在一个有效粘贴长度;荷载增大时试件抵抗荷载能力变小;剪应力分布曲线呈倒"U"形分布。     

四角对称V4+离子化合物光谱和电子顺磁共振谱的理论研究

用对角化完全能量矩阵方法和微扰方法计算了分别由辛基胺(R3N, TOA)和辛基磷化物(R3PO, TOPO)二种物质在盐酸溶液中萃取的四角V4+离子化合物的光谱带和电子顺磁共振(EPR)参量. 计算结果表明, 由这二种微观理论方法计算的光谱带和EPR参量不仅互相非常接近, 而且也与实验值较好的符合. 这说明人们可以用这二种方法来研究固体中3d1过渡金属离子基团的光谱和EPR谱.