Risk reduction in a project portfolio

The positive impacts of managing projects as a portfolio are quantified by comparing the value of the integrated risk of a project portfolio and the aggregation of single project risks implemented separately. Firstly, the integrated risk is defined by proposing risky events based on set theory. Secondly, as projects interact with each other in a project portfolio, the integrated risk is evaluated by using a Bayesian network structure learning algorithm to construct an interdependent network of risks. Finally, the integrated risk of a practical case is assessed using this method, and the results show that the proposed method is an effective tool for calculating the extent of risk reduction of implementing a project portfolio and identifying the most risky project, so as to assist companies in making comprehensive decisions in the phase of portfolio selection and portfolio controlling.     

Asymptotic behavior of solutions for the one-dimensional drift-diffusion model in the quarter plane

In this paper, we study the classical drift-diffusion model arising from the semiconductor device simulation, which is the simplest macroscopic model describing the dynamics of the electron and the hole. We prove the global existence of strong solutions for the initial boundary value problem in the quarter plane. In particular, we show that in large time, these solutions tend to the nonlinear diffusion wave which is different from the steady state, at an algebraic time-decay rate. As far as we know, this is the first result about the nonlinear diffusion wave phenomena of the solutions for the one-dimensional drift-diffusion model in the quarter plane.     

海黍子(Sargassum muticum)不同分枝的形态观察与离体培养

【目的】观察海黍子不同分枝的形态特征,并研究离体培养条件下三生分枝的生长和生殖托数量的变化情况。【方法】采用形态观察法和离体培养技术,分别研究三生分枝在次生分枝上的分布、其数量与次生分枝长度的关系、其长度与生殖托数量的关系,并对离体培养前后三生分枝特定生长率及生殖托数量变化情况进行研究。【结果】三生分枝数量与次生分枝长度呈正相关;生殖托数量同三生分枝的长度呈正相关。离体培养实验期内,生殖托数量增长一般不超过2个;三生分枝均有不同程度的增长,特定生长率多数集中在0%~2%。【结论】海黍子不同分枝尤其是三生分枝的生长和发育有助于海黍子有性繁殖过程,可以保障海黍子群体的不断繁衍。     

Ho∞-based fault detection for nonlinear networked systems with random packet dropout and probabilistic interval delay

The fault detection problem for the nonlinear networked control system (NCS) with packet dropout and delay is investigated.A nonlinear stochastic system model is proposed to account for the NCS with random packet dropout and networkinduced non-uniformly distributed time-varying delay in both from sensor to controller (S/C) and from controller to actuator (C/A).Based on the obtained NCS model,employing an observer-based fault detection filter as the residual generator,the addressed fault detection problem is converted into an auxiliary nonlinear H∞ control problem.Then,with the help of Lyapunov functional approach,a sufficient condition for the desired fault detection filter is constructed in terms of certain linear matrix inequalities,which depend on not only the delay interval but also the delay interval occurrence rate and successful packet communication rate.Especially,a trade-off phenomenon between the maximum allowable delay bound and successful data packet transmission rate is found,which is typically resulted from the limited bandwidth of communication networks.The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a simulation example.     

企业文化资本内涵及价值分析

在传统的企业文化理论的指导下,人们往往将企业文化建设和管理看作是一种成本投入,这严重影响了企业文化作用的发挥.因此,文章从经济学中资本角度出发来考察企业文化资本价值,指出企业文化资本包括企业制度文化、企业家精神文化和人本文化,其中企业家精神是企业文化资本的核心,进而分析企业文化是如何为企业带来未来收益.     

Research on catalysis of sodium-metallochlorophylls in Ni/MH battery

The effects of sodium-metallochlorophylls including sodium-iron chlorophyllin, sodium-copper chlorophyllin and sodium-magnesium chlorophyllin on performance of Ni/MH battery were investigated. The results show that sodium-iron chlorophyllin can effectively activate the gases produced during charge in Ni/MH battery, therefore reducing the reduction potential of oxygen and the oxidation potential of hydrogen, and the increased speed of inner pressure of battery is decreased significantly. With the aid of DMol3 software, the activation process of oxygen and hydrogen by sodiummetallochlorophylls was simulated and analyzed. It was found that the catalysis behavior is in agreement with the experimental results, and the activation process also gets a reasonable explanation from the calculated results.     

H_∞-based fault detection for nonlinear networked systems with random packet dropout and probabilistic interval delay

The fault detection problem for the nonlinear networked control system(NCS) with packet dropout and delay is investigated.A nonlinear stochastic system model is proposed to account for the NCS with random packet dropout and networkinduced non-uniformly distributed time-varying delay in both from sensor to controller(S/C) and from controller to actuator(C/A).Based on the obtained NCS model,employing an observer-based fault detection filter as the residual generator,the addressed fault detection problem is converted into an auxiliary nonlinear H∞ control problem.Then,with the help of Lyapunov functional approach,a sufficient condition for the desired fault detection filter is constructed in terms of certain linear matrix inequalities,which depend on not only the delay interval but also the delay interval occurrence rate and successful packet communication rate.Especially,a trade-off phenomenon between the maximum allowable delay bound and successful data packet transmission rate is found,which is typically resulted from the limited bandwidth of communication networks.The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a simulation example.     

不同农业生物质废弃物的热解特性及动力学对比

为了充分利用农业生物质废弃物进行热解气化,以玉米芯、花生壳、稻壳和稻秸为研究对象,以高纯氮气为载气,通过热重分析和质谱分析联用技术,考察了其热解过程的失重机制、热流变化规律、小分子可燃气体(CO,H_2和CH_4)的释放规律及综合热解特性.结果表明,生物质的热解失重主要发生在220~410℃,玉米芯在该区间的失重最高,占总失重的80%~90%;挥发分综合释放指数D:玉米芯稻秸稻壳花生壳,活化能:稻壳玉米芯稻秸花生壳,固体剩余物:稻壳花生壳稻秸玉米芯,总体上看,玉米芯和稻秸的热稳定性较差,而稻壳和花生壳的热稳定性较好;通过Coats-Redfern法计算得到了相应的活化能和频率因子,计算结果与热重试验基本一致.     

Tibetan plateau aridification linked to global cooling at the Eocene-Oligocene transition

Continental aridification and the intensification of the monsoons in Asia are generally attributed to uplift of the Tibetan plateau and to the land-sea redistributions associated with the continental collision of India and Asia, whereas some studies suggest that past changes in Asian environments are mainly governed by global climate. The most dramatic climate event since the onset of the collision of India and Asia is the Eocene-Oligocene transition, an abrupt cooling step associated with the onset of glaciation in Antarctica 34 million years ago. However, the influence of this global event on Asian environments is poorly understood. Here we use magnetostratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy to show that aridification, which is indicated by the disappearance of playa lake deposits in the northeastern Tibetan plateau, occurred precisely at the time of the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Our findings suggest that this global transition is linked to significant aridification and cooling in continental Asia recorded by palaeontological and palaeoenvironmental changes, and thus support the idea that global cooling is associated with the Eocene-Oligocene transition. We show that, with sufficient age control on the sedimentary records, global climate can be distinguished from tectonism and recognized as a major contributor to continental Asian environments.     

基于模糊概率符号有向图的复杂系统故障诊断

通过分析复杂系统的故障信息传递特性,在符号有向图(SDG)中引入了状态关联概率和模糊信息,并结合面向对象技术提出了一种新的故障描述模型--模糊概率有向图.给出了基于此模型的建模方法和诊断流程.进一步引入消息节点和支路,通过连接各子实体对象的模糊概率SDG模型,构成整个复杂系统的模糊概率SDG系统.该模型能对复杂系统故障诊断中存在的复杂关联关系进行建模与故障诊断.利用该方法建立了某武器平台的故障诊断系统,实验结果表明提出的方法有效且实用.