热声发动机回热器操作因子的优化研究

研究热声热机中回热器长度和工作温度的优化方法.通过对热声学线性公式的进一步分解,提炼出一个量纲一参数———回热器操作因子.相对水力半径和回热器操作因子建立了工作频率与回热器长度及回热器水力半径之间的定量关系.通过回热器轴向尺寸和径向尺寸的一定比例缩放,使得热声系统在不同频率下实现相同的热声转换效率.以两种典型的热声发动机回热器为例,对操作因子进行优化研究,并由此得到了最佳工作效率下的回热器长度和温度分布.     

非矩形探测器阵列在相向运动中的成像优势分析

针对一种非矩形Retina-like探测器进行建模与仿真,研究其相向运动过程的模型.在不同场景及不同模糊度条件下对Retina-like探测器及矩形探测器的图像进行质量评价,不同的评价参数均表明Retina-like探测器在相向运动过程中的成像质量优于矩形探测器,具有抗辐射状模糊的效果,在相向运动过程中有明显的优势,为探索高速相向运动成像过程中的非矩形探测器面阵设计提供帮助.     

利用SRAP标记分析黄淮海地区纤毛鹅观草居群的遗传多样性

笔者利用SRAP标记对纤毛鹅观草29个居群进行了遗传多样性分析.本实验利用11对能够在不同居群中扩增出稳定多态性条带的引物进行扩增,结果表明,平均每对引物获得9.34个多态性位点,多态位点百分率为80.47％.GS值在0.583 3到0.967 7之间,平均GS值为0.775 5,这表明,居群之间差异明显,具有较为丰富的遗传多样性.对所有居群进行聚类,可聚为6类,其中大部分来自相同或相似生态地理环境的居群聚为一类;对不同生态地理类群基于Nei氏无偏估计的遗传一致度的聚类分析表明,各生态地理类群间的遗传分化与其所处的生态地理环境具有一定的相关性;而UPGMA聚类分析结果表明SRAP标记技术能较真实地反映纤毛鹅观草居群间的亲缘关系,可以用于纤毛鹅观草遗传多样性研究.     

Preparation of monoclonal antibody based indirect competitive ELISA for detecting 19-nortestosterone residue

19-Nortestosterone (NT) has been illegally used in horse racing to boost physical performance, and in animal husbandry to accelerate weight gain. To monitor the abuse of NT, our goal was to develop a commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. For this purpose, hybridomas were prepared by fusing NS0 mouse myeloma cells with splenocytes isolated from immunized BALB/c mouse. Noncompetitive and competitive indirect ELISA were used to screen positive cell clones. To optimize the indirect competiti...     

Rapid growth and sterility of growth hormone gene transgenic triploid carp

Triploid carp (100%) with 150 (3n=150) chromosomes were obtained by crossing the females of improved tetraploid hybrids (♀, 4n=200) of red crucian carp (♀)×common carp (♂) with the males of diploid yellow river carp (♂, 2n=100). The crosses yielded transgenic triploid carp (positive triploid fish, 44.2% of the progeny) and non-transgenic triploid carp (negative triploid fish). Histological examination of the gonads of 24-month-old positive triploid fish suggested they were sterile and the fish were not able to produce mature gametes during the breeding season. Morphologically, both the positive and negative triploid fish were similar. They had a spindle-shaped, laterally compressed, steel grey body with two pairs of barbells. Most of the quantifiable traits of the triploid carp were intermediate between those of the two parents. The positive and negative triploid fish were raised in the same pond for 2 years. The mean body weight of the positive triploid fish was 2.3 times higher than the negative triploid fish. The weight of the largest positive triploid fish was 2.91 times higher than that of the largest negative triploid fish. Thus, we produced fast-growing transgenic triploid carp that have a reduced ecological risk because of their inability to mate and produce progeny.     

Sea surface temperature records of core ZY2 from the central mud area in the South Yellow Sea during last 6200 years and related effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current

Sea surface temperature (SST) records in the South Yellow Sea during the last 6200 years are reconstructed by the unsaturation index of long-chain alkenones (K 37 U ’) in sediment core ZY2 from the central mud area.The SST records varied between 14.1 and 16.5°C (15.6°C on average),with 3 phases:(1) A high SST phase at 6.2-5.9 cal ka BP;(2) A low and intensely fluctuating SST phase at 5.9-2.3 cal ka BP;and (3) A high and stable SST phase since 2.3 cal ka BP.Variation of the SST records is similar to intensity of the Kuroshio Current (KC),and corresponds well in time to global cold climate events.However,the amplitude of the SST response to cooling events was significantly different in different phases.The SST response to global cooling event was weak while the KC was strong;and the SST response was strong while the KC was weak.The difference in amplitude of the SST response is possibly caused by the modulation effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current which acts as a shelf branch of the KC and a compensating current induced by the East Asia winter monsoon.The warm waters brought by the Yellow Sea Warm Current cushion the SST decrease induced by climate cooling,and both the Kuroshio and East Asian winter monsoon play important roles in the modulation mechanism.The SST records display a periodicity of 1482 years.The same period was found in the KC records,indicating that variation of the SST records in the central South Yellow Sea is strongly affected by KC intensity.The same period was also found in Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic and Arabian Sea sediment cores,showing a regional response of marine environmental variability in the East China Seas to that in the global oceans.     

Potential influence of water level changes on energy flows in a lake food web

Large seasonal water-level fluctuations may influence isotopic signatures of primary producers and the types and amounts of these potential food sources accessible to aquatic fauna of Poyang Lake,the largest freshwater lake in China.In this study,the isotopic signatures of primary producers and consumers were determined,stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis and mixing models were combined to investigate the influence of water levels on the diet and isotopic composition of Poyang Lake fish and inverteb...     

Molybdenum isotopic composition as a tracer for low-medium temperature hydrothermal ore-forming systems: A case study on the Dajiangping pyrite deposit,western Guangdong Province,China

Little is known about the range or controls on the molybdenum isotopic composition of low-medium temperature hydrothermal ore-forming systems. We present molybdenum isotope data from 12 hydrothermal syndepositional silicalite and carbonaceous slate samples from the Dajiangping pyrite deposit in western Guangdong Province, South China. The δ ^97/95 Mo values from Orebody III range from −0.02‰ to 0.29‰, with an average of 0.18‰. In contrast, the composition values from Orebody IV display a larger variation from −0.70‰ to 0.62‰. However, the five samples from the main ore bed all show strong negative values. This indicates that the significant variation in molybdenum isotopic composition supports different hydrothermal ore-forming metallogenesis and a metallogenic environment between the two orebodies. Orebody III is likely to have been deposited from submarine exhalative hydrothermal fluids under a relatively strong reducing environment and Orebody IV may have also been influenced by hydrothermal superimposition in a more oxidized disequilibrium condition. In addition, the δ ^97/95 Mo values of Orebody IV are clearly negative, together with the values increasing stratigraphically upward in the ore beds, suggesting that the metallogenic environment of Orebody IV is different from the open oceanic systems. There might be dynamic fractionation in this restricted environment. Therefore, the molybdenum isotope can be used as an effective tracer for the ore-forming fluid and metallogenic environment.     

中国农业生态经济可持续发展分析

运用能值分析的理论和方法,定量分析了25年来中国农业生态经济系统的系统生产力、环境负荷力、系统生产优势度和可持续发展状况.研究表明了中国农业生态经济系统生产力较低,辅助能与环境能耦合度下降,环境消耗较大且稳定性差.研究还表明了中国农业正处于生计农业向市场农业转型,传统农业向石油农业转型,混合农业向现代农业转型的过程中.     

DRT模式公交巴士服务探讨

文章立足于DRT的基本理论,通过其在法国的具体实践案例,探索了DRT模式下公交巴士服务研究构建思路,提出了相关交通服务实现流程和运营管理的主要内容.并就其在国内的应用进行了初步的探讨和研究.基于出行需求的交通服务(DRT,Demand Responsive Transport)就出行者的需求可以迅速地提供相应的出行服务,同时在应对个性化出行需求方面比常规公共交通方式更具时间和空间上的灵活性.作为近年来客运交通领域的一次革新,在欧美发达国家已经得到了较为广泛的应用.