中国青年科技奖设奖20周年成效卓著

1987年,在时任中国科协主席钱学森院士的提议下,中国科协设立"中国科协青年科技奖",以鼓励青年科技工作者奋发进取,促进青年科技人才健康成长。     

Preface

Different from traditional tax audit, supervision with self-audit is a combination of audit by the taxpayer himself and audit by the tax authority. This paper mainly studies a taxpayer’s optimal policy of tax evasion under supervision with self-audit and its related properties, in order to deduce some effective suggestions and theoretical bases to restrain tax evasion. Assuming that only a certain proportion of evaded tax can be discovered when the audit is executed, the authors first formulate a static model with self-audit. This model is divided into two stages. At the first stage, taxpayers declare their taxes, then the tax authority chooses audit objects, based on a known probability, and announces the result; if the taxpayer is chosen, he will enter the second stage, during which he has a chance to pay the evaded tax and the corresponding late fees and then is audited by the tax authority. The authors show the existence and uniqueness of the optimal amount of tax evasion at the first stage and the optimal proportion to self-expose at the second stage. The authors also discuss the related properties of the interior solution, and do elasticity analyses on some parameters. Besides, the authors extend the static model into the corresponding two-period model, and study the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the extended model. Finally, under the assumption that tax evasion can only be discovered with a certain probability when the audit is executed, the authors formulate another static model with self-audit and investigate its properties. This research is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 60674082, 70221001, and 70731003.     

半正规、C-正规与有限群的超可解性

利用半正规或C-正规子群刻划有限群的结构,得到若群G的每个非循环Sylow子群的极大子群在G中或半正规或C-正规,则G超可解.     

Perceptual learning of dot pattern

Dot pattern is a type of pattern defined by specific spatial relationship among some dots. As a compensation for concrete and meaningful visual stimuli, meaningless dot pattern can be used as stimuli in learning tasks. We performed an experiment for exploring the perceptual learning process of dot pattern against random-dot background. Participants were required to learn two types of dot patterns (9-dot and 11-dot). They were assigned to two groups: participants in Group 1 learned 9-dot pattern first and 11-dot pattern later, while those in Group 2 learned 11-dot pattern first and 9-dot pattern later. The results showed that participants could acquire the spatial relationship of dot pattern through perceptual learning in relatively short learning time. In comparison with 9-dot pattern, learning time of 11-dot pattern was slightly longer and its accuracy rate lower, but there was significant positive transfer effect from 11-dot pattern learning to 9-dot learning.     

数字式温度传感器在冰箱检测系统中的应用

本文介绍了数字式温度传感器的工作原理、性能特征以及如何在冰箱检测系统中引入单总线技术,使用数字式温度传感器更好的实现温度的采集。     

PP K-MEAN CLUSTERING

In this paper, we propose a dimension-reducing, K-mean clustering procedureby Projection Pursuit (PP) technique so as to explore the clustering structure of data inhigh-dimensional space in terms of low-dimensional projective points of data, and we obtainthe a.s. consistence of the estimates of the cluster centers and projection orientations.     

A New Discipline of Science-The Study of Open Complex Giant System and Its Methodology

This paper introduces the conception of open complex giant system and the methodology for dealing with the system, with stress on its profound significance in development of science and technology. The authors conclude that the reductionism underlying the exact science is not suitable to open complex giant system, and the only feasible alternative is the meta-synthetic engineering from the qualitative to the quantitative.     

固体导弹采用导管的分析研究

固体导弹由于测压、安全、关机与点火等的需要,采用的管路系统越来越多、越来越复杂,本文讨论了避免采用管路系统的重要性、可能性与具体方案,提出应严格制定并不断完善研制规范、加强管路系统的地面试验。     

Channel Mismatching in Sidelobe Canceler: Limitations and Remedies

After a brief recall of the Sidelobe Canceler (SLC) working principle, including the derivation of a general formula for the Cancellation Ratio (CR), the effects of channel mismatching are investigated. In particular, curves providing CRvalues as a function of amplitude and phase channel mismatching, radar bandwidth, and jammer direction of arrival (JDOA) are provided for the cases of one and two auxiliary antennas. Subsequently, a time -space processor for performance restoration is analyzed in detail. In addition to the above mentioned quantities, the attainable CR value is expressed as a function of the space-time processor parameters. The contribution of the paper is related to the derivation of a number of mathematical equations of CR for several cases of practical interest for the radar engineer. In addition, several curves are presented to assist design of SLC systems.     

内含热薄透镜CW色心激光腔的振荡光束特性

运用像镜原理分析三镜折迭腔、四镜折迭腔和四镜8字型环形腔等光学谐振腔的振荡光束特性及其热行为。讨论热效应对谐振腔振荡光束特性的影响规律以及像镜分析方法的精确性,给出谐振腔的热不灵敏条件。