BMP signaling inhibits intestinal stem cell self-renewal through suppression of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling

In humans, mutations in BMPR1A, SMAD4 and PTEN are responsible for juvenile polyposis syndrome, juvenile intestinal polyposis and Cowden disease, respectively. The development of polyposis is a common feature of these diseases, suggesting that there is an association between BMP and PTEN pathways. The mechanistic link between BMP and PTEN pathways and the related etiology of juvenile polyposis is unresolved. Here we show that conditional inactivation of Bmpr1a in mice disturbs homeostasis of intestinal epithelial regeneration with an expansion of the stem and progenitor cell populations, eventually leading to intestinal polyposis resembling human juvenile polyposis syndrome. We show that BMP signaling suppresses Wnt signaling to ensure a balanced control of stem cell self-renewal. Mechanistically, PTEN, through phosphatidylinosital-3 kinase-Akt, mediates the convergence of the BMP and Wnt pathways on control of beta-catenin. Thus, BMP signaling may control the duplication of intestinal stem cells, thereby preventing crypt fission and the subsequent increase in crypt number.     

基于定性映射的模式识别方法(Ⅱ)

设MPα×β是(二维黑白图像)模式P所构成的α×β阶矩阵,若φ(MPα×β)=tPm,m=α×β,是MPα×β的特征向量抽取映射,则模式P的识别可转化为tPm的识别,并可用以向量tPm为基准的定性映射加以表示,当且仅当,抽取映射φ是可逆变换(或表示),且逆变换φ-1(tPm)=MPα×β是P的生成(或"涌现")映射.     

面向对象技术在流域洪水预报系统中的应用

通过对现有的洪水预报系统的分析,确定了复用率低以及难于扩展是目前洪水预报应用系统在实现方面存在的普遍问题。利用面向对象的Java语言作为开发工具,进行洪水预报应用系统的开发,使系统具有较强的可扩展性和复用能力,能有效地缩短新系统的开发周期,因而是进行洪水预报系统开发的有效工具。     

Early association of electrocardiogram alteration with infarct size and cardiac function after myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVE: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the main cause of heart failure, but the relationship between the extent of MI and cardiac function has not been clearly determined. The present study was undertaken to investigate early changes in the electrocardiogram associated with infarct size and cardiac function after MI. METHODS: MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery in rats. Electrocardiograms, echocardiographs and hemodynamic parameters were assessed and myocardial infarct size was measured from mid-transverse sections stained with Masson's trichrome. RESULTS: The sum of pathological Q wave amplitudes was strongly correlated with myocardial infarct size (r = 0.920, P < 0.0001), left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.868, P < 0.0001) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (r = 0.835, P < 0.0004). Furthermore, there was close relationship between MI size and cardiac function as assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.913, P < 0.0001) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (r = 0.893, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The sum of pathological Q wave amplitudes after MI can be used to estimate the extent of MI as well as cardiac function.     

上海青少年女性消费者研究及服装品牌企划

通过AIOV分析法对上海青少年女性消费者的研究,得到了该市场消费群的总体特征。根据对此目标市场的分析,制定了服装品牌“Cacao”的企划案。这里明确提出了一种应对服饰消费感性化需求创设个性化品牌的预测提案型策略。     

IEEE 802.16a协议物理层ST-OFDM的研究

介绍了IEEE 802.16a协议,并以802.16a协议中的3种物理层实现方式之一--WirelessMAN-OFDM PHY为例,对STC(空时编码)和OFDM(正交频分复用)的结合应用(STC-OFDM)进行了阐述,同时对其BER(误比特率)性能进行了仿真,对仿真结果进行了分析.     

经济增长的复杂性与“J”结构

从现代经济增长的事实和复杂性角度讨论了经济增长的原因和机制 .“J”结构是我们提出的一种经济增长复杂性的重要模式 ,这种具有潜在后发性优势但又需要先期投入的经济现象普遍存在于国际贸易、金融、教育、人力资源、生态环境等不同领域 .由于增长的复杂性 ,“J”结构及与之相对应的“J”过程或“J”效应往往被波动所掩盖 .本文进一步从物理、数学的角度指出“J”过程的本质是系统存在多重均衡时的非平衡相变过程 .最后 ,讨论了宏观经济系统中宏观变量之间的相互关系 ,“J”结构体现了这些宏观变量之间非线性相互作用机制.     

The earliest known eutherian mammal

The skeleton of a eutherian (placental) mammal has been discovered from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of northeastern China. We estimate its age to be about 125 million years (Myr), extending the date of the oldest eutherian records with skull and skeleton by about 40 50 Myr. Our analyses place the new fossil at the root of the eutherian tree and among the four other known Early Cretaceous eutherians, and suggest an earlier and greater diversification of stem eutherians that occurred well before the molecular estimate for the diversification of extant placental superorders (104 64 Myr). The new eutherian has limb and foot features that are known only from scansorial (climbing) and arboreal (tree-living) extant mammals, in contrast to the terrestrial or cursorial (running) features of other Cretaceous eutherians. This suggests that the earliest eutherian lineages developed different locomotory adaptations, facilitating their spread to diverse niches in the Cretaceous.     

高温催化燃烧技术及其核催化剂的研制

高温催化燃烧技术作为一项环境友好的能源利用方式下得到世界各国的广泛重视,催化燃烧器设计与燃烧催华化剂研制领域不断取得新进展。本文通过考察负载型Pd催化剂和烧绿石型复氧化物催化剂的物化学特性与催化反应动力学特征,探讨了改良现有催化剂体系反应性能的有效途径。     

以环糊精为手性添加剂对药物对映体的毛细管电泳手性拆分

在40 mmol/L,PH值为2.5的磷酸二氢钠缓冲液中,分别以β-环糊精和HP-β-环糊精(取代度为5.5)及二者的混合物为手性添加剂对10种市售药物作了毛细管电泳分离,探讨了手性药物在环糊精中的嵌入型"包合络合作用",以及环糊精第二面上的羟基群在药物分离过程中的"边缘作用".