太白山4种药用地衣抑菌活性研究

研究太白山4种重要药用地衣的抑菌活性。采用7种肠道致病菌对4种地衣的不同溶剂提取物进行抑菌活性筛选,并对其抑菌活性部位进行LC-MS鉴定。4种地衣甲醇提取物均对肺炎克雷伯氏菌抑制作用较强;金刷把、黑石耳甲醇提取物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌抑制作用较强。地衣酸是4种地衣的主要抑菌活性部位。4种地衣的甲醇提取物抑制活性最强,发挥抑菌活性的主要成分为地衣酸类。该研究为太白山地衣类草药资源开发提供资料。     

电视新闻主持人评论进展中的问题与对策

1980年中国大陆电视荧幕上第一次出现了主持人评论，经过30多年的发展，我国电视新闻主持人评论取得了一定的进展，但同时也暴露了一些问题。通过研究分析其发展进步及问题产生的原因，从而寻求解决对策，促其科学发展。     

铝-4d过渡族金属二聚体的第一性原理计算

【目的】过渡族金属与铝之间的化学成键特性是化学与材料等领域的基础,对铝-4 d过渡族金属二聚体的物理性能进行研究。【方法】用密度泛函B3LYP方法计算铝-4 d过渡族金属二聚体的键长、振动频率、解离能、电离势、能隙和二极矩。【结果】对中性和荷电的二聚体,除AlMo、AlNb+和AlMo+外其键长从AlY到AlPd先减少后增加,解离能和振动频率的变化趋势与之相反。电离势随原子序数的递增先增加,在AlRh处达到极大值后减少。除AlTc的振动频率外,计算结果与已有的实验结果和其他的理论计算结果相符。计算结果还显示除AlCd外,前过渡族金属与铝的结合强度比后过渡族金属的结合要强。荷电二聚体的自旋多重度比相应的中性二聚体差±1。带正电的二聚体的键长比中性和带负电的二聚体的键长要长,荷电二聚体的解离能大于中性二聚体的解离能,解离方式为AlX+→X+Al+和AlX-→Al+X-。     

雷公山聚筛蕊等三种地衣鉴别研究

对贵州省雷公山三种地衣进行鉴别研究。用化学显色反应法、微量结晶检验法、薄层层析法等方法研究地衣特性。鉴定出日本珊瑚枝Stereocaulon japonicum Th.Fr.、聚筛蕊Cladia aggregata(Sw.)Nyl.、孔叶衣Menegazzia terebrata(Hoffm.)A.Massal.3种地衣。将多种方法综合使用可以初步鉴定地衣药材,并为地衣药材的下一步研究开发奠定基础。     

一种民间写作的立场

民间写作是指对象、方法、视角均是向下的,指向最底层社会的平民大众,同时指这种民间大众是没有媒介信息能力,没有话语传播能力的,非发声的民间自治的声音。这和主流话语表述的民间话语不一样。民间写作尤其重视民间的发生学,那些受到主流、正统文化压制的语言、行为、事件,甚至包括地方性知识,这需要大量的田野调查,发现一切民间元素相互发生作用的关系史。     

长篇小说史诗性的流变——兼论张翎的长篇新作《阵痛》

随着时代的变迁，长篇小说引以为骄傲的史诗性元素逐渐淡化和消解。摈弃了英雄主义价值取向的现代小说家们，审视、质疑、静观历史的潮变，揭示人物内心的冲突、痛苦、绝望……张翎的长篇新作《阵痛》成功地给中国当代文学以启示：在告别宏大历史叙事、告别强而硬的政治激情之后，建立在男权基础上的历史解构之后，小说应以怎样的讲述来开辟新径，来完成影像时代里自身的重新建构。     

Mechanical and corrosion properties of low-carbon steel prepared by friction stir processing

Low-carbon steel plates were successfully subjected to normal friction stir processing(NFSP) in air and submerged friction stir processing(SFSP) under water, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the NFSP and SFSP samples were investigated. Phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization resulted in fine-grained ferrite and martensite in the processed zone. The SFSP samples had smaller ferrites(5.1 μm), finer martensite laths(557 nm), and more uniform distribution of martensite compared to the NFSP samples. Compared to the base material(BM), the microhardness of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 19.8% and 27.1%, respectively because of the combined strengthening effects of grain refinement, phase transformation, and dislocation. The ultimate tensile strengths(UTSs) of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 27.1% and 38.7%, respectively. Grain refinement and martensite transformation also improved the electrochemical corrosion properties of the low-carbon steel. Overall, the SFSP samples had better mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion resistance than the NFSP samples.     

0.18μm CMOS高集成度可编程分频器的设计

采用标准0.18 μm CMOS工艺,提出了一种高集成度可编程分频器.该电路所采用技术的新颖之处在于：基于基本分频单元的特殊结构,对除2/除3单元级联式可编程分频器的关键模块进行改进,将普通的CML型锁存器集成为包含与门的锁存器,从而大大提高了电路的集成度,有效地降低了电路功耗,提升了整体电路速度,并使版图更紧凑.仿真结果表明,在1.8V电压、输入频率Fin=1 GHz的情况下,可实现任意整数且步长为1的分频比,相位噪声为-173.1 dBc/Hz@1 MHz,电路功耗仅为9 mW.     

CoPt-Co hybrid supported on amino modified SiO_2 nanospheres as a high performance catalyst for hydrogen generation from ammonia borane

CoPt-Co hybrids were successfully supported on amino modified SiO_2 nanospheres by a chemical reduction method at a temperature of 278 K.The solid carrier i.e.amino modified SiO_2,provides numerous anchoring sites for the metal nanoparticles(NPs)to improve the dispersion while reducing the size of metal NPs.The supported NPs displayed a narrow particle size distribution on the SiO_2 surface with an average diameter of 12 nm.The XRD results alongside with the binary alloy phase diagram suggest that the resulted NPs are bimetallic,composed of CoPt and amorphous Co.Among the prepared materials,the solid with the specific composition of SiO_2@Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)was proved to be effective catalyst for ammonia borane(AB)hydrolysis in aqueous solution.The turnover frequency(TOF)value of the supported nanocatalyst was 25.59mol_(H_2)min~(-1)·mol_M~(-1),almost twice as that of unsupported Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)NPs while the activation energy was 37.05 kJ mol~(-1).Furthermore,the SiO_2@Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)composite manifested high catalytic activity even after five cycles of reuse.     

由"二维码"英译引发的对术语翻译的思考

首先搜集“二维码”的多种英文表达,从而引出该概念的乱象,接着采用定性的分析方法,从该概念的内涵和外延、属和种差等多角度进行深度解剖,发现日常生活中接触得最多的英文表达“QR code”只是“二维码”的一种,并非其准确译法,据此总结“二维码”术语英译的困难以及从中发现术语标准存在的问题,并讨论术语翻译在生活中的应用特点。