Alteration of mitochondrial bioenergetics due to intravenous injection of a perfluorocarbon emulsion

Wistar albino rats were intravenously injected with 1 ml of an oxyphoretic emulsion of perfluorobutylfurane and killed 3, 7 or 30 days later. Mitochondria isolated from the liver and kidneys of treated rats showed a small decrease in the transmembrane electrical potential and a substantial depression of the rates of both ATP synthesis and ADP-stimulated respiration. These alterations in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation appear to be induced by perfluorocarbon and/or tensioactive molecules interacting with hydrophobic cell structures.     

线性统计模型中回归分位点的强相合性及渐近正态性(英文)

论证了线性模型中回归分位点估计量的强相合性及渐近正态性等大样本性质 ,这些结果推广了陈希孺等 ( 1 990 ,1 992 )的有关定理 ,改进了Koenker与Basstee( 1 978) ,Gutenburnner与Jurec∨kova( 1 992 ) ,以及Jurec∨kovo与Prochazka( 1 994)等人的有关成果。     

New Membranes Based on Polybenzimidazole for Polymer Fuel Cells

1 Results Acid-doped polybenzimidazoles[1] are particularly appealing because of high proton conductivity with no or low humidification and promising fuel cells performances. PBI, in fact, contains basic functional groups which can easily interact with strong oxo-acids, such as H3PO4 and H2SO4. The acid partially protonates the polymer and partially is freely dispersed in the polymer backbone, so allowing proton migration via Grotthuss mechanism along the anionic chains[2]. Anyway, a technological limit...     

Status and life history notes on the native fishes of the Alvord Basin, Oregon and Nevada

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真空预冷处理提高草莓与蟠桃的冷藏品质

研究常规真空预冷和真空喷水预冷处理对果实降温速率的影响.设定草莓和蟠桃的预冷终温分别为1℃和5℃,预冷终压范围为300~900Pa,进行常规真空预冷和真空喷水预冷试验研究,测定果实内部温度随时间的变化规律和失水率,分析不同处理条件对果实降温速率的影响.将预冷后的果实和对照组一起置于4℃下冷藏,测定果实硬度、Vc含量等品质指标的变化情况,给出满足最快降温和最佳贮藏品质的处理条件.结果表明,在相同预冷时间内,果实个体直径越小,预冷终压越低,则预冷结束时果实温度越低,降温速度越快.草莓和蟠桃在预冷终压300Pa下降温速率最大,冷却效果最佳.采用真空喷水冷却能有效提高草莓的降温速率,减少其内部自由水损失,有利于草莓保鲜.     

Behaviourally driven gene expression reveals song nuclei in hummingbird brain

Hummingbirds have developed a wealth of intriguing features, such as backwards flight, ultraviolet vision, extremely high metabolic rates, nocturnal hibernation, high brain-to-body size ratio and a remarkable species-specific diversity of vocalizations. Like humans, they have also developed the rare trait of vocal learning, this being the ability to acquire vocalizations through imitation rather than instinct. Here we show, using behaviourally driven gene expression in freely ranging tropical animals, that the forebrain of hummingbirds contains seven discrete structures that are active during singing, providing the first anatomical and functional demonstration of vocal nuclei in hummingbirds. These structures are strikingly similar to seven forebrain regions that are involved in vocal learning and production in songbirds and parrots--the only other avian orders known to be vocal learners. This similarity is surprising, as songbirds, parrots and hummingbirds are thought to have evolved vocal learning and associated brain structures independently, and it indicates that strong constraints may influence the evolution of forebrain vocal nuclei.