太平沟大桥曲线箱梁顶推施工设计概述

太平沟大桥该桥全长358．8m，平面位于R=1380．965m圆曲线及L5=300m的缓和曲线上，是国内曲线连续顶推桥长最长、跨径最大的一座桥。详细介绍了太平沟大桥曲线箱梁顶推设计特点及施工设计要点。     

家庭装潢中水管的选择

在室内装潢方面，人们较注重室内布局和装饰，而对给水管道则极少关注．应引起足够的重视。在建筑给水系统中由新型塑料管材替代金属管材已成为趋势。所以，室内给水管应选用新型塑料管材，并且应根据新型塑料管材的特点进行施工。确保给水系统的安装质量。     

山西省水资源可持续开发利用问题浅析

在对山西省水资源开发利用所面临的问题进行剖析的基础上。提出了合理开发地下水资源、拉制水资源污染、发展节水工程和实行水资源的统一管理等科学、合理开发利用水资源的对策。     

几种石蒜属花卉观赏性状的灰色评价

以灰色关联度对14种石蒜属花卉的观赏性状进行了评价．结果表明石蒜(Lycoris radiata)的加权关联度Ri为最大(0．713 888)，即观赏效果最好，这与实际运用效果相符；其次是安徽石蒜(L．anhuiensis)，Ri=0．708 429；排在第三位的是长筒石蒜(L．longituba)，Ri=0.703032．其他由大到小次序为夏水仙(L.squamigera)、玫瑰石蒜(L．rosea)、陕西石蒜(L．shaanxiensis)、乳白石蒜(L．albiflora)、短蕊石蒜(L．caldwellii)、麦杆黄石蒜(L．straminea)、肉红石蒜(L．incornata)、中国石蒜(L．chinensis)、换锦花(L．sprengeri)、忽地笑(L．aurea)、江苏石蒜(L．houdyshelii)．从灰色关联度分析结果看，花形整齐、奇特(雄蕊长于花被片，花被片强烈皱缩反卷)，花色稀有和秋冬出叶的，灰色关联度大,14种石蒜均适合作地被，但以秋冬出叶、花葶较矮的种更为适宜，如石蒜、玫瑰石蒜、麦杆黄石蒜、江苏石蒜等。     

无功就地补偿技术在煤矿井下的应用前景

对无功就地补偿技术在煤矿供电系统的应用中进行了分析,指出该技术能够起到节约电能、提高供电质量、节约材料费等作用,阐述了无功就地补偿技术在煤矿供电系统中的应用有较好的发展前景。     

一株来自青藏高原土壤日本曲霉菌的分离鉴定及其杀东亚飞蝗活性研究

采用稀释涂布法从青藏高原采集的土样中分离得到一株具有杀蝗虫活性真菌D3-19.通过形态学观察以及ITS序列的分析,初步将D3-19鉴定为曲霉属日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicas).室内活性测定结果表明日本曲霉D3-19发酵液和孢子均有杀东亚飞蝗活性.其中,真菌发酵液对东亚飞蝗校正死亡率为:96h(86.67%),144h(100%).与此同时,真菌孢子悬液对东亚飞蝗的LC50(致死中浓度)为3.42×105孢子/mL.研究结果表明,3×108孢子/mL的D3-19孢子悬液对不同年龄阶段东亚飞蝗均有致死效果.其LT50(半致死时间)值分别为:羽化成虫(155h),四至五龄成虫(104.8h),三龄幼虫(54.6h),二龄幼虫(30.6h).     

竖向偏心荷载作用下吸力桶荷载-变形特性非共轴本构数值分析

在竖向偏心荷载作用下建立吸力式桶形基础数值分析模型,采用砂土非共轴弹塑性本构模型研究土体主应力方向旋转和非共轴角度的变化规律,探讨非共轴特性对吸力桶力学特性的影响.主要研究结论表明:在地基变形过程中,非共轴角度呈现先增大后减小的发展趋势.随着偏心距的增加,等效塑性应变在地基中的分布范围逐渐减小,非共轴特性也将减弱,非共轴特性对荷载-变形特性的影响逐渐减弱.对于桶壁端部阻力和桶壁外侧摩擦阻力,非共轴特性的影响随着偏心距的增加而减弱.对于桶体顶部阻力和桶壁内侧摩擦阻力,非共轴特性的影响随着偏心距的增加而逐渐显著.     

Spawning behaviour of Engystomops pustulatus (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

Foam nests have evolved independently in several amphibian groups as an adaptive response to prevent predation and desiccation in dry environments. Nests are normally laid on ponds, or in underground galleries, humid forest leaf litter or terrestrial bromeliads. They are built when males or females beat a foam precursor associated with the egg masses extruded by the female. The spawning process requires the synchronic actions of the mating pair to obtain a hemispheric nest that protects the offspring. Herein, we describe the spawning behaviour of Engystomops pustulatus based on videos from 13 nesting couples from the lowlands of western Ecuador. Three variables were measured as indicators of male effort: duration of mixing events, duration of resting periods, and number of kicks per mixing event. We consider that not only male physical effort but also female behaviour influences nest structure. We suggest that nest building requires prolonged and intense physical activity by the male as well as the female’s steady position during spawning and female’s oviposition site selection. Nest building has two phases. In the first phase, the duration of resting periods, the duration of mixing events, and the number of kicks increase and are highly variable. During the second phase the three variables stabilise until the end. The volume of the nest increased mainly during the second phase. In four nesting events we observed kicking movements by the female. To our knowledge, this is the first time that female kicking has been observed in leptodactylid frogs. The function of this behaviour is unknown but our observations suggest that it may be triggered by insufficient male effort. Traditionally, female mate choice in Engystomops has been explained under models of indirect benefits exclusively. We argue that the prolonged male activity during nesting could influence female fitness directly. This will allow the operation of sexual selection via direct benefits.     

Inhibition of protein misfolding and aggregation by natural phenolic compounds

Protein misfolding and aggregation into fibrillar deposits is a common feature of a large group of degenerative diseases affecting the central nervous system or peripheral organs, termed protein misfolding disorders (PMDs). Despite their established toxic nature, clinical trials aiming to reduce misfolded aggregates have been unsuccessful in treating or curing PMDs. An interesting possibility for disease intervention is the regular intake of natural food or herbal extracts, which contain active molecules that inhibit aggregation or induce the disassembly of misfolded aggregates. Among natural compounds, phenolic molecules are of particular interest, since most have dual activity as amyloid aggregation inhibitors and antioxidants. In this article, we review many phenolic natural compounds which have been reported in diverse model systems to have the potential to delay or prevent the development of various PMDs, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, prion diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, systemic amyloidosis, and type 2 diabetes. The lower toxicity of natural compounds compared to synthetic chemical molecules suggest that they could serve as a good starting point to discover protein misfolding inhibitors that might be useful for the treatment of various incurable diseases.     

Historical review and redescription of three poorly known species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from south-eastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

ABSTRACT

This study is primarily directed to the most poorly known species of the genus Trichomycterus, comprising five nominal species (T. florensis, T. immaculatus, T. nigricans, T. paquequerensis and T. santaeritae) endemic to south-eastern Brazil. One of them, T. nigricans, is the type species of the genus, involved in taxonomic problems for over 150 years. A detailed historical review, accompanied by examination of type specimens and recent collections, revealed that the correct type locality of T. nigricans is in the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, not Santa Catarina as commonly appears in the literature; specimens previously misidentified as T. nigricans from Santa Catarina belong to a possibly undescribed species of the genus Cambeva; T. paquequerensis is a synonym of T. immaculatus, and T. florensis is a synonym of T. santaeritae; and the hypothesis that T. santaeritae is closely related to the Amazon Sarcoglanidinae is refuted. The three valid species are redescribed. These species are members of a clade also including T. caipora that is highly supported by molecular data, diagnosed by a pronounced posterior maxillary process and caudal fin emarginate at least in larger specimens. A subclade comprising T. caipora, T. nigricans and T. santaeritae is diagnosed by a long maxilla and a bifid anterior extremity of hypobranchial 3.