动态环境下基于势场原理的避障方法

在保留传统人工势场法原理简单、易于实现优点的基础上,对其应用在具有移动障碍物的动态环境中所表现出的缺陷进行了改进,用碰撞时间参数代替相对位置参数并辅以碰撞角度约束来消除无渭的避碰运动,同时又引入障碍物作用于机器人、方向指向目标点的分力和局部波动函数,较好地解决了因局部最小以及障碍物与目标点相距太近造成的不能成功到达目标点的问题．仿真结果表明此方法能够使机器人在具有静态和移动障碍物的复杂环境中安全避障．     

电子电路设计有关问题的探讨

分析了电子电路设计在低频电子电路,高频电子电路,数字电路,印制版制作过程中应注意的实际问题,以提高设计者设计成功的一次性。     

Lysosomal chymotrypsin B potentiates apoptosis via cleavage of Bid

We have reported that chymotrypsin B (CtrB) is not just a digestive enzyme but is also stored in lysosomes. Herein, we demonstrated a broad distribution of CtrB and explored the involvement of CtrB in apoptosis. Exposure of RH-35 cells to H₂O₂ or palmitate induced the redistribution of lysosomal CtrB into the cytoplasm as a result of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Suppression of CtrB significantly blocked apoptosis, while overexpression of CtrB sensitized apoptosis markedly. CtrB could cleave Bid under neutral conditions. In RH-35 cells with Bid silenced, apoptosis induced by CtrB protein was attenuated, suggesting that CtrB mediates apoptosis of RH-35 cells mainly through processing Bid. Our data also suggest that LMP occurs earlier than mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization; Bid activation initiated by caspase-8 might be reinforced by CtrB in consequence of LMP, which causes a positive feedback loop leading to the accumulation of tBid, and results in lysosome- and mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis.     

基于DSP＆CPLD的便携式振动信号处理系统

为了更准确方便地诊断设备运行特性,结合FFT和小波分析原理设计了一种基于DSP＆CPLD的便携式振动信号处理系统。系统的硬件电路由信号调理电路、数据采集处理模块和外围电路等组成,其软件部分由主程序模块、数据采集处理程序和LCD显示程序等组成,能够实时采集振动信号,显示并存储静态特性、振动波形和频谱等数据。     

Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

Genome-wide association study of flowering time and grain yield traits in a worldwide collection of rice germplasm

A high-density haplotype map recently enabled a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a population of indica subspecies of Chinese rice landraces. Here we extend this methodology to a larger and more diverse sample of 950 worldwide rice varieties, including the Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica subspecies, to perform an additional GWAS. We identified a total of 32 new loci associated with flowering time and with ten grain-related traits, indicating that the larger sample increased the power to detect trait-associated variants using GWAS. To characterize various alleles and complex genetic variation, we developed an analytical framework for haplotype-based de novo assembly of the low-coverage sequencing data in rice. We identified candidate genes for 18 associated loci through detailed annotation. This study shows that the integrated approach of sequence-based GWAS and functional genome annotation has the potential to match complex traits to their causal polymorphisms in rice.     

广义进化的定义

广义进化的基本理论,尤其是一些基本概念有待研究。要找到广义进化的准确定义,必须分析清楚四个关系：第一,有序与适应性的关系;第二,进化与复杂化的关系;第三,复杂与有序的关系;第四,复杂与适应性的关系。序参量的评价标准应该是系统功能的总价值,只有当系统的新结构导致新功能出现时,才会使有序度增大。进化就是复杂化,复杂化就是创新,就是对称性破缺程度增大的过程,广义进化是所有物质系统的复杂化过程。     

ESP飞灰对燃煤锅炉烟气汞的吸附特性

用氮气(N2)等温吸附(77K)测量了一座600MW煤粉锅炉电厂静电除尘器(ESP)各个电场飞灰的比表面积、孔径、孔比表面积、孔容积和孔分布,采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线能谱分析仪(EDX)分析了飞灰颗粒表面结构和化学组分.结果表明,颗粒粒径越小,比表面积越大,飞灰的汞吸附趋于增加.飞灰含碳量与汞含量呈正相关关系,亚微米级颗粒物对汞的吸附不仅与其比表面积有关,而且与其比表面积的利用率有关.静电除尘过程中飞灰的孔隙结构在不断地变化和发展,孔分布越宽越有利于对汞的吸附,微孔越发达且可利用率越高,越有利于汞的被吸附.     

变配电安装工程施工探讨

变配电安装工程施工质量是保障电力安全运行的关键,关系到人民的生产生活。文章就变配电安装工程施工的技术要点进行具体阐述,并提出应注意的安装事项。     

发散思维教学与学生创新能力的培养

本文用发散思维方法于无机化学教学过程，从不同的方向，不同的侧面，不同的层次，横向拓展，纵向深入，将学生的思维积极引向探索创新，克服思维定势，激发思维潜能，有助于学生全面把握相关知识点的相互联系和创新能力的提高。