Nonextensivity and the <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-distribution of a relativistic gas under an external electromagnetic field

We investigate the nonextensivity and the q-distribution of a relativistic gas under an external electromagnetic field. We derive an expression for the nonextensive parameter q based on the relativistic generalized Boltzmann equation, the relativistic q-H theorem and the relativistic version of the q-power-law distribution function in the nonextensive q-kinetic theory. We thus provide the connection between the parameter q≠1 and the spatial-temporal derivatives of the temperature field of the gas as well as the four-potential, and thereby present a clearly physical meaning for the nonextensivity for the relativistic gas.     

创新工程技术支撑科学发展

回顾了近年特别是2008年中国在信息、能源、制造业及探索宏观、微观世界等领域所取得的重大科学技术进步和工程创新成就；指出了严重自然灾害对科学技术和工程的检验与启示；提出了我国工程科技界值得思考的几个问题，展望了未来我国工程技术的创新使命。     

Influences of ultrasonic irradiation on the morphology and structure of nanoporous Co nanoparticles during chemical dealloying

The Co-61.8 wt% Al nanoparticles of 45 nm were prepared by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction (HPMR) method. The nanoparticles display core shell structure with Al13Co4 and CoAl core and aluminum oxide shell (about 2 nm). Under ultrasonic irradiation, nanoporous fcc-Co nanoparticles were produced successfully by chemically dealloying the Co-Al nanoparticles at room temperature, whereas, without ultrasonic irradiation CoAl phase could hardly react with sodium hydroxide solution. At 323 K the Co-Al nanoparticles could be dealloyed to fcc-Co and hcp-Co phases even without ultrasonic irradiation. The surface area of the dealloyed nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation was larger than that of the dealloyed sample without ultrasonic irradiation at the same temperature. It is believed that the microjet and shock-wave induced by ultrasonic irradiation give rise to particles size reduction, interparticle collision and surface cleaning, and accelerate the dealloying process and the phase transformation.     

Epithelial-cell-intrinsic IKK-beta expression regulates intestinal immune homeostasis

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) provide a primary physical barrier against commensal and pathogenic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, but the influence of IECs on the development and regulation of immunity to infection is unknown. Here we show that IEC-intrinsic IkappaB kinase (IKK)-beta-dependent gene expression is a critical regulator of responses of dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells in the GI tract. Mice with an IEC-specific deletion of IKK-beta show a reduced expression of the epithelial-cell-restricted cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin in the intestine and, after infection with the gut-dwelling parasite Trichuris, fail to develop a pathogen-specific CD4+ T helper type 2 (T(H)2) response and are unable to eradicate infection. Further, these animals show exacerbated production of dendritic-cell-derived interleukin-12/23p40 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, increased levels of CD4+ T-cell-derived interferon-gamma and interleukin-17, and develop severe intestinal inflammation. Blockade of proinflammatory cytokines during Trichuris infection ablates the requirement for IKK-beta in IECs to promote CD4+ T(H)2 cell-dependent immunity, identifying an essential function for IECs in tissue-specific conditioning of dendritic cells and limiting type 1 cytokine production in the GI tract. These results indicate that the balance of IKK-beta-dependent gene expression in the intestinal epithelium is crucial in intestinal immune homeostasis by promoting mucosal immunity and limiting chronic inflammation.     

凯氏原圆线虫Protostrongylus(Pulmostrongylus)kamenskyi Schulz,1930在我国的首次发现(圆线目:原圆科)

采自雪兔Lepus timidus Linnaeus肺内寄生的一种线虫,经鉴定为凯氏原圆线虫Protostrongylus(Pulmostrongylus)kamenskyi Schulz,1930,隶属于圆线目Strongylata原圆科Protostrongylidae.此种线虫为我国新纪录种,对该种线虫进行了光镜和扫描电镜观察.     

高职院校旅游英语专业国际化实用型人才培养研究

旅游英语专业国际化实用型人才培养研究目的是通过对国内外旅游企业人才需求标准的调研,确立了旅游英语专业人才培养的核心能力,通过构建课程体系和实践教学体系,改革课堂教学方法,培养国际化双师素质师资队伍,建设校内外实训基地等措施,完善旅游英语专业的人才培养模式,达到人才培养与市场需求接轨的目标,提高高职院校旅游英语专业人才培养水平.     

退火温度对用PⅢ方法制备共掺杂p型ZnO薄膜结构和性能的影响

采用射频磁控共溅射的方法制备出ZnO:Al薄膜,以NO和O2为源气体(V(O2)/V(O2+NO)=75%),采用等离子体浸没离子注入(PⅢ)方法对薄膜进行注入得到ZnO:Al:N薄膜,注入剂量为2.23×1015 cm-2,并在N2氛围下对样品进行了不同温度的退火处理.通过XRD图谱、霍尔效应(Hall)测试结果、紫外-可见光透射光谱等对样品的结构和性能进行了分析,着重研究了退火温度对ZnO:Al:N薄膜性质的影响.结果表明,退火可以使注人产生的ZnO(N2)3团簇分解,并且使N以替位O的方式存在.当退火温度达到850℃时,ZnO薄膜实现了p型反转,实现p型反转的ZnO:AliN薄膜载流子浓度可达3.68×1012cm-3,电阻率为11.2 Ω·cm,霍耳迁移率为31.4 cm2·V-1·s-1.     

圆弧空间曲线梁架钢结构施工技术

天津霍元甲纪念馆工程为圆形钢结构仿古建筑,圆弧钢梁采用热轧H型钢制作,本文论述了圆弧空间复杂曲线钢梁施工的技术难点、施工方法。     

圆弧空间曲线梁架钢结构施工技术

天津霍元甲纪念馆工程为圆形钢结构仿古建筑,圆弧钢梁采用热轧H型钢制作,本文论述了圆弧空间复杂曲线钢梁施工的技术难点、施工方法.     

上跨既有高速公路现浇连续箱梁门洞支架施工技术

上跨既有高速公路桥梁施工越来越普遍,其中,钢管立柱与工字钢梁组合门洞支架法运用于现浇桥梁上跨既有道路已是相当成熟的技术,其施工工艺简单、受力明确、操作方便,在建平阳高速太原枢纽互通中BK0+563.5跨线桥上跨原太高速公路即采用该法进行现浇梁施工。文章以该次上跨为例,详细介绍了门洞支架在保证通车的条件下搭设、拆除的施工工艺。