Testing and Evaluation for Web Usability Based on Extended Markov Chain Model

As the increasing popularity and complexity of Web applications and the emergence of their new characteristics. the testing and maintenance of large, complex Web applications are becoming more complex and difficult. Web applications generally contain lots of pages and are used by enormous users. Statistical testing is an effective way of ensuring their quality. Web usage can be accurately described by Markov chain which has been proved to be an ideal model for software statistical testing. The results of unit testing can b eutilized in the latter stages, wbich is an important strategy for bottom-to-top integration testing, and the other improvement of extended Markov chain model (FMM) is to present the error type vector which is treated as a part of page node. This paper also proposes the algorithm for generating test cases of usage paths. Finally, optional usage reliability evaluation methods and an incremental usability regression testing model for testing and evaluation are presented.     

将ANSYS应用于求解高频电磁场

文章介绍了利用大型有限元软件ANSYS分析和求解高频电磁场边值问题的基本方法,并把 所得计算结果与解析解进行对比.验证了该方法的正确性。     

基于认证和加密技术的安全多媒体传输方案

本文提出一种安全可靠的多媒体传输方案 ,将多媒体编码过程与认证过程相结合 ,信道编码过程与加密过程相结合 ,既实现了对多媒体敏感区域的认证功能 ,又实现了对整个数据流的加密保护 .其中 ,认证过程对敏感数据进行数字签名 ,并将此签名嵌入敏感区域 ,它可以检测出恶意篡改或传输错误 ;信道编码加密过程是将纠错编码与混沌流密码相结合 ,同时具有纠错功能和加密功能 .理论分析可见 ,认证和加密过程都与编码过程相结合 ,计算复杂度低 ,而且保持了信道编码的容错能力 .实验结果表明 ,此方案具有较高的安全性 ,适合多媒体数据的安全传输 .     

变换域时间序列相似性搜索

在时间序列的研究中,经常需要计算二个序列的相似程度.由于序列变化的多样性和复杂性,结果通常不能很好地满足要求.采用变换法则对时间序列进行从时域到频域的转换,再将转换后的数据按照一定的规则变换成字符序列;利用求最长公共子序列的方法计算二个序列的匹配度,实现时间序列的相似性搜索.     

立即可解网络编码应用于无线网络重传中的时延分析

立即可解网络编码(instantly decodable network coding,IDNC)分为狭义立即可解网络编码(strict IDNC,S-IDNC)和广义立即可解网络编码(generalized IDNC,G-IDNC).分析了S-IDNC和G-IDNC的特点,并对这2种思想应用于重传的时延性能做了对比分析.以最小化解码时延为目标提出基于S-IDNC和基于G-IDNC权重顶点搜索算法,实验对比分析了所提算法和已有典型算法性能,验证了所提算法的有效性,并归纳了S-IDNC和G-IDNC的时延特征差异.实验结果表明,基于S-IDNC的重传算法使得信宿节点的时延大小分布较为聚集,而基于G-IDNC的重传算法时延大小分布更为分散,G-IDNC时延均值优于S-IDNC,而S-IDNC系统完成时延优于G-IDNC.     

Systems Thinking and Scenario Planning: Application in the Clothing Sector

Industrial sectors that operate in uncertain environments - with demand variability, product seasonality and different industrialisation structures - need studies that enable identification and forecast trends. Therefore, the development of competitiveness extends beyond a company’s individual performance. Collective action, whether toward consumer markets, supplier markets, competitors and substitutes, can reinforce or help reformulate the current practices of an organisation, besides providing better results in the development of strategies and competitive positioning. Thus, clothing, the sector addressed in this work, is characterised by a long, fragmented, heterogeneous production chain, the competitiveness of which is linked to product differentiation. Therefore, the use of systemic approaches to study this sector is effective. In this sense, this research aims at adapting Systems Thinking and Scenario Planning (STSP) so that it supports the development and planning process in a given sector. Thus, this research applies STSP adapted to an analysis of the clothing sector in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. As a result, in academic terms, this research proposed and validated a method for analysing industrial sectors of the clothing industry. In the sectoral context, this research identified elements that leverage the sector’s competitiveness, besides generating knowledge and learning aimed at strengthening the sectoral structure identified, and fostering the formation of a new clothing cluster.     

Systemic Indicators for Rural Communities in Developing Economies: Bringing the Shared Vision into Being

Community indicators have been a frequent focus of the scholarly literature. There has been little exploration, however, in relation to rural communities, especially in developing countries. This reflects the special challenges associated with the complexity of rural systems, and the difficulties involved in developing appropriate and systemic indicators for rural communities. Identifying indicators that help the community to monitor progress towards sustainable outcomes requires a framework that is both practical and holistic. This paper introduces a participatory systemic framework for identifying community indicators, which respects the principles of complexity and honours the sense of ownership present in the communities. This framework is an iterative, sharing, co-learning engagement process that extends from creating a shared vision and extracting its core messages, to identifying indicators of progress and determining what actions to try. Importantly, this framework enables us to rank the indicators identified by communities with reference to ‘leverage points’, the best places to intervene in the social-environmental system for transformational change. This framework provides a potential pathway for sustainable rural development and perhaps also for organisations and urban communities.     

Adaptive Event-Based Consensus of Multi-Agent Systems with General Linear Dynamics

In this paper, adaptive event-based consensus of multi-agent systems with general linear dynamics is considered. A novel adaptive event-based controller and a state-dependent triggering function are proposed for each agent. The consensus can be achieved without the assumption that (A,B) is stabilizable. Furthermore, the Zeno-behavior of the concerned closed-loop system is also excluded under certain conditions. Finally, a numerical simulation example is presented to show the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

An M/M/1 Queueing-Inventory System with Geometric Batch Demands and Lost Sales

This paper studies an M/M/1 queueing-inventory system with batch demands. Customers arrive in the system according to a compound Poisson process, where the size of the batch demands for each arrival is a random variable that follows a geometric distribution. The inventory is replenished according to the standard (s,S) policy. The replenishment time follows an exponential distribution. Two models are considered. In the first model, if the on-hand inventory is less than the size of the batch demands of an arrived customer, the customer takes away all the items in the inventory, and a part of the customer’s batch demands is lost. In the second model, if the on-hand inventory is less than the size of the batch demands of an arrived customer, the customer leaves without taking any item from the inventory, and all of the customer’s batch demands are lost. For these two models, the authors derive the stationary conditions of the system. Then, the authors derive the stationary distributions of the product-form of the joint queue length and the on-hand inventory process. Besides this, the authors obtain some important performance measures and the average cost functions by using these stationary distributions. The results are illustrated by numerical examples.