FFT and PLL based GPS signal processing for Software GPS Receiver

This paper presents FFT and PLL based GPS signal acquisition and tracking algorithms for a software GPS receiver. Conventional hardware based acquisition and tracking have some restrictions in processing signal with poor signal to noise ratio. The FFT of digitized local signals of multiple carrier frequencies for a specified Doppler band are pre-computed and are circular correlated with the digitized incoming signal from RF-front-end in an organized computational order. The global maximum of the correlation is associated with the closest estimates of the Doppler shift and the code shift. PLL refines the estimates to track the signal. Doppler information from an external source can readily be integrated to narrow down the frequency band for correlation and is especially useful for tracking in a high dynamic navigation situation. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated through post processing of the IF signals acquired from a commercial hardware GPS receiver.     

马立克氏病病毒meq基因功能研究

从马立克氏病病毒（MDV）不同致病型毒株meq基因序列，meq基因产物及其细胞内表达特性和meq蛋白生物学功能的研究探讨马立克氏病病毒致瘤基因meq功能。完成了648A,CV1988/Rispens,814，广西地方毒株G2，N，0093，0095，0297，0304共9个MDV毒株meq基因的序列测定。MDV不同致病型毒株的meq基因序列相对比较保守，它们相互间核苷酸和氨基酸序列的同源性均很高；与所有7个致瘤的MDV毒株相比，在2个MDV-1弱毒疫苗CV1988/Rispens株和814株发现有二个特征性位点突变。此外，还在其ORF中首次发现含15个氨基酸残基（EELCAQLCSTPPPPI）的2个重复和含6个氨基酸残基（PPICTP）的4个重复，全分布在MEQ蛋白C-端的转录激活域内。MEQ蛋白的表达仅局限于感染细胞的核内，而且随感染时间增加。具有从核质向核仁和核膜转移趋向；Western Blotting和免疫沉淀试验证实重组杆状病毒感染细胞裂解物中有大小约为60kD的特异带，利用表达的MEQ蛋白产物免疫BALB/c小鼠，获得的杂交瘤细胞被克隆并与MDV感染的鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）做免疫荧光试验（FA），获得4株稳定产生抗MEQ蛋白单克隆抗体（McAb)的杂交瘤细胞，其中3G12E6单克隆抗体能够检测到MDV致瘤株感染的CEF及自然MD肿瘤细胞中表达的meq基因产物，而CV1988/Rispens感染的细胞则未检测到，发现细胞内表达的meq基因产物可明显促进MDVGA株对体外培养细胞的感染及增殖。研究结果表明，meq基因在感染细胞内的表达水平是MDV增殖和致病，致瘤的分子基因。     

岩爆的剪切滑移机理分析

在讨论地下围岩应力分布的基础上,用滑移线场理论和Ｍｏｈｒ－Ｃｏｕｌｏｍｂ准则研究了地下洞室围岩进入塑性破坏状态的特征,推导了岩块沿滑移线滑落的条件,得到了岩爆发生时地应力的计算公式．对天生桥引水隧洞的岩爆实例进行了分析和计算,得到了较满意的结果．     

Lipid droplets of neuroepithelial cells are a major calcium storage site during neural tube formation in chick and mouse embryos

In situ precipitation of calcium (Ca²⁺) with fluoride and antimonate shows that Ca²⁺-specific precipitate is localized almost exclusively within lipid droplets of neuroepithelial cells during neural tube formation in chick and mouse embryos. The density of Ca²⁺ precipitate within lipid droplets is generally greater in the apical ends of cells situated in regions of the neuroepithelium that are actively engaged in bending. These findings suggest that lipid droplets, in addition to providing a source of metabolic fuel for developing neuroepithelial cells, also serve as Ca²⁺-storage and-releasing sites during neurulation.This study was supported by grants from the NIH (NS23200), the BRSG fund of UMDNJ, and the Busch Fund of Rutgers University. Dr Bush was supported by a New Jersey State Postdoctoral Fellowship.     

番木瓜细胞形态变化与蛋白酶积累过程的研究

番木瓜细胞在含0.1mg/L NAA、0.5mg/L 6—BA的B_5培养基中,25℃避光培养。随着培养的继续,细胞形态发生变化。用电子显微镜扫描观察,培养前二十天,细胞处于生长旺盛阶段,形态饱满、密度大、生命力强,代谢旺盛,大量积累木瓜蛋白酶。培养十八天的蛋白酶比活力为209.1 U/mg·蛋白,比产率为4.04 U/g·day,是天然木瓜乳汁中的6.31倍和130%。当细胞开始分化或衰老时,木瓜蛋白酶的积累能力减弱。     

Involvement of the 'leucine zipper' region in the oligomerization and transforming activity of human c-myc protein

c-Myc plays a part in the regulation of important cellular processes such as growth, differentiation and neoplastic transformation. Although c-myc gene structure and expression are well characterized, the function and biochemical properties of the protein are less well understood. Human c-myc is a 439-amino acid phosphoprotein which binds DNA in vitro and belongs to a discrete subset of nuclear proteins. Using the human c-myc mutants generated by linker-insertion and deletion mutagenesis, we have defined regions of the protein that are important for its transforming activities and its nuclear localization. Here, we show that human c-myc exists as an oligomer in vitro and use mutant proteins to localize the oligomerization domain to a carboxyl-terminal peptide containing the 'leucine zipper' motif. The 'leucine zipper' describes a structure found in a number of DNA-binding proteins that contains leucines occurring at intervals of every seventh amino acid in a region predicted to be alpha-helical. The 'leucine zipper' might mediate dimerization by intermolecular interdigitation of the leucine side-chains. We show that a c-myc mutant, which is inactive but can oligomerize, dominantly inhibits the cotransforming activity with wild-type c-myc of rat embryo cells, whereas inactive mutants which cannot oligomerize properly because of deletions in the oligomerization domain are recessive.     

Distribution of two distinct Ca2+-ATPase-like proteins and their relationships to the agonist-sensitive calcium store in adrenal chromaffin cells

Many cellular functions are regulated by activation of cell-surface receptors that mobilize calcium from internal stores sensitive to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3). The nature of these internal calcium stores and their localization in cells is not clear and has been a subject of debate. It was originally suggested that the Ins(1,4,5)P3-sensitive store is the endoplasmic reticulum, but a new organelle, the calciosome, identified by its possession of the calcium-binding protein, calsequestrin, and a Ca2+-ATPase-like protein of relative molecular mass 100,000 (100K), has been described as a potential Ins(1,4,5)P3-sensitive calcium store. Direct evidence on whether the calciosome is the Ins(1,4,5)P3-sensitive store is lacking. Using monoclonal antibodies raised against the Ca2+-ATPase of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum, we show that bovine adrenal chromaffin cells contain two Ca2+-ATPase-like proteins with distinct subcellular distributions. A 100K Ca2+-ATPase-like protein is diffusely distributed, whereas a 140K Ca2+-ATPase-like protein is restricted to a region in close proximity to the nucleus. In addition, Ins(1,4,5)P3-generating agonists result in a highly localized rise in cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) initiated in a region close to the nucleus, whereas caffeine results in a rise in [Ca2+]i throughout the cytoplasm. Our results indicate that chromaffin cells possess two calcium stores with distinct Ca2+-ATPases and that the organelle with the 100K Ca2+-ATPase is not the Ins(1,4,5)P3-sensitive store.     

Acidic metabolite of prednisolone

Summary The metabolic fate of the 17-ketol side chain of (21-³H) prednisolone was studied with an enzyme preparation from male golden hamster liver. The acidic metabolite of prednisolone was identified by mass spectrometry as 11, 17,20-trihydroxy-3-oxo-1,4-pregnadien-21-oic acid. The enzyme showed substrate specificity, depending on the nature of substituent on the steroid nucleus.This investigation was supported in part by USPHS Grant CA 2515.     

Influence of Hall effects on characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic converging channel

Influences of Hall effects on the flow characteristics and performance of the magnetohydrodyanmic (MHD) converging channel as an MHD generator are studied numerically in the present study. The numerical algorithm used is composed of an entropy conditioned scheme for solving the non-homogeneous Navier-Stokes equations, in conjunction with an SOR method for solving the elliptic equation governing the electrical potential of the electric field. It is found that Hall effects may lead to distortions in both the ...