试论中小学教师正当权益及保护问题

中小学教师权益是中小学教师依法享有的权利,包括教师作为普通公民的权益和作为教育教学专业人员所特有的权利.它是现代社会公平的重要体现,是基础教育实现其育人价值的根本保证.目前,中小学教师正当权益遭受侵犯的现象较为普遍,原因主要来自文化认知、法律、学校治理以及教育研究等方面.应采取有效措施,切实保护中小学教师的正当权益.     

Recognition and sensing of anions through synergistic effects using simple benzimidazolium-urea receptors

Benzimidazolium-based receptors 1-3 were designed and synthesized. On the basis of fluorescence, UV-Vis, and 1H NMR spectroscopic studies, and X-ray single crystal structure analysis, it was confirmed that the receptor 1 displays strong (C-H)+···X, N-H···X hydrogen bonds and charge-charge interactions with anions. More importantly, these investigations demonstrated that the charged (C-H)+ benzimidazolium and urea moieties play a synergistic role in anion recognition.     

互通区跨线桥邻近路基墩柱偏移事故分析

结合工程实例分析了跨线桥墩柱偏移的原因,提出了偏移墩柱的处治措施.首先,通过现场实测揭示了邻近路基墩柱的变位性状,采用低应变动测评测了桥墩桩身损伤情况,并基于场区地基软土性状分析,指出邻近路基堆载是引起墩柱偏移的根本原因.然后,基于应变楔分析模型,提出了一种以桩顶位移为计算控制条件的桩身受力分析方法,并通过工程实例验证了该方法的合理性.最后,根据各桥墩支座偏位量情况,结合桩身受力验算与Bozozuk分析评价标准,对支座位移不大于50 mm的墩柱采用平衡堆载的处治方法;对支座位移大于50 mm的墩柱采用桩基顶推联合墩柱牵引的纠偏处治措施.结果表明,处治后墩柱支座偏移量分别降低了10.7%～43.7%和79.7%～100%,处治效果良好,对类似工程具有借鉴意义.     

Synthesis process of Ba-ferrites from α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH and investigation of magnetic properties

The claviform BaFe₁₂O₁₉ crystals were synthesized by the precipitation-toptactic reaction method using α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH as raw materials respectively. The synthesis processes of BaFe₁₂O₁₉, studied by XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, and TG-DTA techniques, included preparations of precursor γ and precursor α, formations of α-Fe₂O₃ and BaFe₂O₄, and production of rod-like BaFe₁₂O₁₉ through dehydroxylation of pod-like FeOOH, followed by reactions of α-Fe₂O₃ with BaCO₃ and BaFe₂O₄. The crystallinity of α-Fe₂O₃ and BaCO₃ from precursor α was better than from precursor γ due to the direct dehydroxylation of α-FeOOH, resulting in a lower nucleation rate and better crystallinity of BaFe₂O₄. BaFe₁₂O₁₉ prepared from precursor α showed lower crystallinity and purity with a higher length-diameter ratio than from precursor γ. The VSM results proved that the appearance of final products had an important influence on magnetic properties.     

Radon-Nikodym theorem in signed Loeb space

This paper gives the Radon-Nikodym theorem in signed Loeb space under 1-saturated nonstandard model. First,the nonstandard characterization of absolute continuity is discussed,on which Radon-Nikodym theorem in signed Loeb space is obtained. Then,some facts about a finite signed Loeb measure and its variation are shown.     

Birds of a Feather Protest Together: Theorizing Self-Organizing Political Protests with Flock Theory

The current research theorizes decentralized and self-organized political protests via flock theory (Rosen 2002), a theory of emergent self-organization in communicative human interaction. Flock theory draws from a theoretical basis of emergence and self-organizing systems, and is presented as a theory of decentralized communication structures. Focusing on the optimization of decentralized networks and roadmap based coordination of organizationally homopholous foci; the current theory poses a model of human interaction that captures the potentially egalitarian effects of cooperative evolution and collective action. Case studies of two separate decentralized political protests against Korean government and FARC are offered as evidences of such phenomena.     

Effect of intermittent aeration on the treatment performance in a submerged membrane bioreactor

In order to improve removal for nitrogen in a pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR), intermittent aeration was conducted, and the effect on the treatment performance under four kinds of operation condition (run 1, continuous aeration; run 2, 60/60 min aeration on/off time; run 3, 60/90 min aeration on/off time; run 4, 60/75 min aeration on/off time) was evaluated. The results showed that depending on the specific on/off of the aeration time ratio, removal efficiency of nitrogen could be improved significantly, and the removal rates of total nitrogen (TN) under different operation conditions were 28.0%, 59.5%, 66.8% and 70.7%, respectively. There were no obvious differences for removal rates for COD_Cr and ammonia among different operation conditions. In general, intermittent aeration could be used as a feasible way to improve treatment performance for nitrogen in the SMBR.     

Viability criteria for differential inclusions

A method of verifying the viability criterion at a given point for a region with nonsmooth boundary, which is expressed by a quasidifferentiabl function, under a differential inclusion which is a convex hull of finitely many functions, is proposed. By this method, determining the viability is transformed into solving a number of systems of linear inequalities, or equivalently solving a number of linear programming problems. For the other differential inclusion, called the generalized convex process, it is shown that viability condition holds for a polytope if and only if it holds at all of its vertices. This result is an extension of corresponding one for a linear control system.     

State transfer control of quantum systems on the Bloch sphere

The state transfer under control fields is analyzed based on the Bloch sphere representation of a single qubit. In order to achieve the target from an arbitrary initial state to a target state, the conditions that parameters should satisfy are deduced separately in two different requirements: One is in the case of the rotation angle around the x-axis being fixed and another is in the situation with a given evolution time. Several typical states trajectories are demonstrated by numerical simulations on the Bloch sphere. The relations between parameters and the trajectories are analyzed.     

A Systems Theoretical Approach to Interoperability of Information

A rapid process of hybridisation of man and technology, organisation and technology and society and technology is currently sweeping the world. This process requires a way of (scientific) thinking that takes hybrid systems as the starting point. Such an approach makes it increasingly important for hybrid systems to be interlinked, enabling them to exchange and share information through these links. This linking of (hybrid) systems to enable them to exchange and share information can also be denoted as the realisation of interoperability between (hybrid) systems. Five principles from Luhmann’s systems theory can help us understand interoperability. Interoperability enables (hybrid) systems to join random coalitions and networks. The network centric warfare concept is currently the basis for international efforts aimed at the development and application of interoperability that would enable armed forces to act effectively and efficiently. This paper demonstrates what we can learn from Luhmann’s system’s theory.