Fuzzy Mathematical Model for Comprehensive Evaluation on Schemes of Coal Mine Design

1　IntroductionAtpresenttheschemecomparisonmethodiswidelyusedinchoosingdesignplansinChinacoalmineengineeringprojects,i.e.,afterseveraldifferentplansarelistedaccordingtoknownconditions,theconcretetechnicalanalysisandeconomiccomparisonarecarriedoutinordertochooserelativelyoptimumschemeamongthem.Generallyspeaking,someevaluatedfactorsofdesignplansarehardlyexpressedquantitativelyandcanonlybedescribedqualitatively.Therefore,itisverydifficultforustouseconcreteevaluationvaluetoappraiseeachdesignscheme…     

慢性兔出血症的研究

对北京和河北等地的一些獭兔养殖场发生的以瘫痪为主要症状的慢性型兔出血症进行了研究。结果表明 ,自然感染病例和人工感染病例的临床症状、病理学变化和血清学特性相似 ,通过分析这些獭兔养殖场慢性型兔出血症发生的原因 ,提出了诊断和防治措施     

应用扩展的UML活动图建模审计专家经验

计算机审计专家经验来源于实践,应用于实践,但目前还没有对专家经验进行建模的统一建模语言.由于模型中的语法语义不一致、不明确,极大妨碍了审计业务人员对专家经验的理解、掌握和应用.统一建模语言(UML)已经成为事实上的信息系统领域建模语言标准.扩展UML活动图将其应用于审计专家经验建模,并给出了具体应用案例.应用扩展的活动图建模专家经验具有简单、清晰、标准化、国际化的优点,并能被不同领域的专家接受和理解.     

Propagation patterns of microseismic waves in rock strata during mining: an experimental study

Microseismic monitoring has been widely used in mines for monitoring and predicting dynamic disasters such as rockbursts and waterbursts. However, to develop high-precision microseismic monitoring systems, the propagation patterns of microseismic waves under complex geological conditions must be elucidated. To achieve this aim, a simulation model of a typical coalmine was designed using similar materials according to the similarity theory to simulate the mining process. Geophones were embedded into the model to detect the propagation of elastic waves from microseisms. The results show that in an unmined solid rock mass, the wave velocity in shallow rock strata is mainly affected by geologically weak planes, whereas in deep strata it is affected mainly by the density of the rock mass. During propagation, the amplitude first decreases and then increases rapidly with increasing propagation distance from the coal layer. After mining, our results indicate that the goaf causes significant attenuation of the wave velocity. After the goaf was backfilled, the velocity attenuation is reduced to some extent but not eliminated. The results of this study can be used as guidelines for designing and applying microseismic monitoring systems in mines.     

基于多孔介质模型的储层裂缝孔隙度计算方法

针对裂缝性储层裂缝孔隙度定量计算的难题,提出了一种基于多孔介质模型的储层裂缝孔隙度计算方法。通过定义孔隙纵横比谱函数表征岩石裂缝分布特征及对岩石宏观岩石物理特征的影响,并代入多孔介质模型中,建立含裂缝条件下多孔介质模型。理论正演表明,孔隙纵横比谱分布特征与岩石体积模量变化一一对应,通过建立岩石模量反演函数,利用现场阵列声波测井资料实现孔隙纵横比谱定量反演,进而计算裂缝孔隙度。应用结果表明,计算的裂缝孔隙度能够较好地反映储层裂缝发育情况,与电成像测井计算结果吻合较好,文中方法所计算的裂缝孔隙度符合实际生产情况,为裂缝孔隙度计算提供一种新的途径,扩展了阵列声波测井应用范围。     

基于深度残差网络的医学超声图像多尺度边缘检测算法

为提高医学超声图像在临床诊断的效果, 需先对图像进行优化检测和识别, 提出一种基于深度残差网络的医学超声图像多尺度边缘检测算法. 首先, 通过对原始医学超声图像进行自动标注, 构建医学超声图像灰度分布矩阵, 利用分布矩阵完成医学超声图像的多尺度分割; 其次, 构建医学超声图像多尺度边缘的轮廓模型, 提取多尺度图像边缘特征; 再次, 构建深度残差网络结构, 采用深度残差学习算法进行超声图像的底层图像信息融合; 最后, 对融合后的边缘图像数据进行多尺度边缘检测. 实验结果表明, 该算法的图像分割精度高, 特征提取准确率达80%以上, 图像边界中间断区检测效果较好, 边缘点查全性较高, 算法检测耗时短、收敛性强.     

深井沿空巷道快速掘进及围岩控制技术研究

深埋煤矿采掘衔接紧张是制约矿井安全高效生产的主要问题之一,回采巷道的快速掘进将有利于缓解这一紧张局面.以顾桥煤矿1126(1)回风巷为例,利用弹塑性理论分析了1125(1)工作面侧向应力分布规律及分区破坏特征,阐明了1126(1)回风巷围岩应力环境;利用FLAC3 D数值模拟研究了掘进期间锚索"1-0"、"2-0"、"3-0"、"4-0"等不同布置形式对巷道围岩变形及应力分布特征的影响,通过巷道围岩稳定性对比分析,降低巷道掘进期间支护强度,采用"2-0"锚索布置的初始支护控制掘进期巷道围岩变形,使掘进工作面后方永久支护与掘进平行作业,从而提高了掘进效率.     

提升Pd基电催化剂氧还原活性的策略

氧还原反应(ORR)是许多电化学相关技术的核心反应,许多研究致力于制备同时具备高活性、高稳定性和低成本的催化剂。Pd基纳米材料由于其相对较优的催化性能和相对丰富的储量,有望成为Pt的替代品,受到了广泛关注,但要达到商品化程度,其性能需进一步提高。本文以Pd基催化剂应用于ORR电催化为背景,综述了近年来Pd基催化剂ORR的性能提升策略。围绕载体调控、形貌结构调控以及组分调控共3个部分进行总结,这些调控会利用配体效应、应变效应、系综效应(ensemble effect)和载体效应等从本质上改变Pd的分布状态、空间排列和电子结构,从而影响ORR中间产物在Pd表面的吸附状态。最后,简要介绍了Pd基催化剂面临的挑战和未来的发展方向,对高性能ORR催化剂的设计制备具有重要意义。     

焊接速度对自适应双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接Al–Mg合金接头微观组织和机械性能的影响

The butt welds of 4-mm thick 5A06 aluminum alloy plates were produced by adjustable-gap bobbin-tool friction stir travel with travel speeds of 200, 300, and 400 mm/min in this study. The microstructure was studied using optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Tensile tests and microhardness measurements were performed to identify the effect of the travel speed on the joint mechanical properties. Sound joints were obtained at 200 mm/min while voids were present at different positions of the joints as the travel speed increased. The EBSD results show that the grain size, high angle grain boundaries, and density of geometrically necessary dislocations in different regions of the joint vary depending on the recovery and recrystallization behavior. Specific attention was given to the relationship between the local microstructure and mechanical properties. Microhardness measurements show that the average hardness of the stir zone (SZ) was greater than that of the base material, which was only affected slightly by the travel speed. The tensile strength of the joint decreased with increasing travel speed and the maximal strength efficiency reached 99%.     

精细拓扑结构表示与深度特征融合在多目标图像检索中的应用

空间信息表示是增强图像特征表达性能的重要手段,通过空间关系建模与深度学习方法融合可有效提升深度特征的语义特性,从而提升图像检索性能.首先,针对复杂图像的空间关系表示提出了一种新的精细拓扑结构表示模型,该模型不仅具有完备的拓扑描述性能,还提供了两种拓扑不变量的推理算法,使得拓扑不变量可以由表示模型直接推导而不需要繁复的几何计算;其次,基于精细拓扑结构表示模型,提出了有效的拓扑结构相似性度量方法,为空间关系特征表达奠定了基础;最后,进一步结合卷积神经网络,提出融合复杂空间关系特征与深度特征的多目标图像检索方法.实验结果表明,所提出的拓扑结构表示模型在空间查询中具有良好的性能;所提出的图像检索框架取得优于现有方法的精度,并能够有效地结合手工特征与深度特征各自的优势,为提升深度学习方法的可解释性创造了有利条件.