热力压缩海水淡化系统中低温蒸汽喷射器的实验研究

海水淡化过程需要消耗大量的能源。采用较低热源温度驱动的海水淡化技术将是未来的发展方向。针对热力压缩海水淡化系统,设计了可在低温热源驱动下工作的蒸汽喷射器。通过实验分别研究了蒸汽喷射器的工况参数、横截面的面积比和喷嘴类型等对蒸汽喷射器性能的影响。结果表明:当发生温度为40℃、蒸发温度为25℃时,蒸汽喷射器的性能系数(cofficient of performance,COP)可达到3.06;面积比对蒸汽喷射器的COP有较大的影响,而对临界冷凝温度的影响不大;渐缩型喷嘴的性能略优于渐缩渐扩型喷嘴的性能。研究为今后进一步开展低温热源驱动海水淡化技术奠定了基础。     

大牛地气田致密砂岩气藏水锁伤害特征分析

大牛地气田致密砂岩气藏具有非均性强、开发难度大的特点,储集层沉积环境变化快,沉积微相类型多,岩石胶结成分种类多、含量差异大、致密化成岩作用强;孔隙小、喉道窄,储集层渗透率低;气、水两相流动的通道小,渗流阻力大,水、气界面的表面张力大,水锁效应明显。特别是水平井压裂液规模大,一般是3 000~5 000 m~3。大量的压裂液在较高的工作压力下进入地层中,进一步加大了水锁伤害程度。通过对致密砂岩储层的伤害实验、理论计算及实际压后特征的统计分析,明确了致密砂岩气藏的孔隙度、渗透率及压裂液侵入时间对压裂水平井水锁伤害的影响,分析了3种不同的水锁伤害类型特征,并提出了降低水锁伤害的建议。     

双极晶体管中子辐照后的高温退火特性

利用硅双极晶体管在线监测中子注量,其直流增益和损伤常数是作为探测器指标的重要参数。高温退火可使受到中子辐照的双极晶体管性能部分恢复,进而可以重复使用。开展高温退火特性研究,分析双极晶体管直流增益的恢复程度以及损伤常数的重复性。在快中子脉冲堆上对贴片型3DG121C双极晶体管进行三轮中子辐照,每轮辐照累计注量2.64×10~(13)cm~(-2)。经过第一轮中子辐照后,双极晶体管直流增益下降至辐照前的40%,经过180℃连续24 h的高温退火后,直流增益恢复至辐照前的67%;经过第二轮辐照后,直流增益下降至第二轮辐照前的50%,在相同条件下退火后,直流增益恢复至第二轮辐照前的73%;经过第三轮辐照后,直流增益下降至第三轮辐照前的58%,在相同条件下退火后,其直流增益恢复至第三轮辐照前的87%。三轮实验结果表明:双极晶体管直流增益倒数随辐照中子注量变化的线性关系基本一致,具体表现为其损伤常数具有很好的重复性。利用该高温退火特性,将双极晶体管作为中子注量探测器应用于快中子脉冲堆中子注量在线监测,监测结果与活化箔结果基本吻合。     

计及阶梯式碳交易的综合能源系统优化调度

随着电力市场和碳市场的发展,将需求响应和碳交易机制引入综合能源系统运行调度中,有助于引导用户和系统运营商优化用电和调度计划。通过分时电价和需求响应激励补贴等综合型激励措施引导用户参与需求响应,并基于IGDT（information gap decision theory）理论构建了考虑阶梯式碳交易机制以及需求响应的综合能源系统双层随机优化调度模型,并通过KKT条件和大M法将双层模型转化为单层模型进行求解。结果表明,引入需求响应和阶梯式碳交易机制之后能够实现综合能源系统的低碳环保运行。     

Regression Analysis of Interval-Censored Data with Informative Observation Times Under the Accelerated Failure Time Model

This paper discusses regression analysis of interval-censored failure time data arising from the accelerated failure time model in the presence of informative censoring. For the problem, a sieve maximum likelihood estimation approach is proposed and in the method, the copula model is employed to describe the relationship between the failure time of interest and the censoring or observation process. Also I-spline functions are used to approximate the unknown functions in the model, and a simulation study is carried out to assess the finite sample performance of the proposed approach and suggests that it works well in practical situations. In addition, an illustrative example is provided.

     

Single foggy image restoration based on spatial correlation analysis of dark channel prior

Focusing on the degradation of foggy images, a restora- tion approach from a single image based on spatial correlation of dark channel prior is proposed. Firstly, the transmission of each pixel is estimated by the spatial correlation of dark channel prior. Secondly, a degradation model is utilized to restore the foggy image. Thirdly, the final recovered image, with enhanced contrast, is obtained by performing a post-processing technique based on just-noticeable difference. Experimental results demonstrate that the information of a foggy image can be recovered perfectly by the proposed method, even in the case of the abrupt depth changing scene.     

An analytic hierarchy process model of group consensus

In group decision making, a certain degree of consensus is necessary to derive a meaningful and valid outcome. This paper proposes a consensus reaching model for a group by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP）. It supports people to improve their group consensus level through an updating of their judgments. In this model, a moderator suggests the most discoraant aeclslon manet to update his judgment in each step. The proposed consensus reaching model allows decision makers to accept or reject the suggestion from the moderator. This model ensures that the judgment updating is effective and the final solution will be of acceptable consistency. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed consensus reaching model.     

C4k∪C4k∪Cm的优美性

Ｃ４ｋ∪Ｃ４ｋ的优美性已被证明，本文研究Ｃ４ｋ∪Ｃｋ∪Ｃｍ的优美性。给出了其为优美图的必要条件，同时给出了Ｃ４ｋ∪Ｃｋ∪Ｃｋ－１，Ｃ４（３ｔ＋１）∪Ｃ（ｔ＋１）∪Ｃ４（２ｔ＋１）以及Ｃ４（３ｔ＋１）∪Ｃ（３ｔ－１）∪Ｃｔ－１的优美标号。     

Generalized Reactive Manufacturing System

Generalized reactive manufacturing system named GRMS is introduced. GRMS is a human-centered system based on Multi-agent. Its management and control organization is made up of three types of agents named device agent, task agent and shop-floor agent. GRMS adopts a top-down and bottom-up competition and cooperation strategy based on the dynamic sifter and funnel . To constrain the behavior of agents, a reward and penalty policy is introduced into the system and the closed-loop adjustment of GRMS is realized through such policy. Agents for the same task should be cooperated with each other and agents for different tasks should compete for survival in the dynamic changing environment. A distributed-hierarchical architecture with three levels of master-slave relationships among agents are proposed. Self-propelled process planning is also discussed. In order to evaluate GRMS, a time-driven simulation system-GRMOSS is developed to check the physical consistency of GRMS.     

基于灰色理论的机械设备智能状态预测

提出了基于灰色理论并与神经网络有机结合的机械设备智能状态预测方法，着眼于机械设备“内在”规律的研究，根据机械设备自身历史数据建立动态微分方程，并预测自身的发展，具有数据量小，计算简单、预测准确的特点，该方法已在实际工程中应用，结果表明方法是行之有效的。