Phase field simulation of interatomic potentials for double phase competition during early stage precipitation

Phase field model was employed to study the variations of interatomic potentials of Ni 3 Al (L1 2 phase) and Ni 3 V (DO 22 phase) as a function of temperature and concentration. The long-range order (LRO) parameter related interatomic potentials equations formulated by Khachaturyan were utilized to establish the inversion equations for L1 2 and DO 22 phases, with which interatomic potentials could be calculated. The interatomic potentials of Ni-Al and Ni-V exhibited approximately linear increases and decreases, individually, with enhanced Al concentration. Substituting the inverted interatomic potentials into the microscopic phase field equations led to three cases of precipitation sequence: the DO 22 phase preceded L1 2 phase precipitating at the interatomic potentials of Ni-V > Ni-Al; the vice cases; and two phases precipitated simultaneously at interatomic potentials of Ni-V and Ni-Al were equal.     

Evaluation of humic acid removal by a flat submerged membrane photoreactor

A flat submerged membrane combined with a TiO 2 /UV photocatalytic reactor (FSMPR) was employed in batch mode to remove humic acid (HA). HA removal efficiency was characterized by UV 254 absorbance, UV-vis spectra, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, specific UV absorbance (SUVA), and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). The FSMPR process was effective in removing more than 86% of DOC and nearly 100% of UV 254 absorbance, while the THMFPs of samples were reduced to < 19 μ g/L after 150 min of treatment. In addition, changes in transmembrane pressure (TMP) with and without UV were evaluated; TiO 2 /UV was effective at controlling membrane fouling by HA. Analysis of the molecular weight (MW) distributions and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra of HAs revealed that the effectiveness in membrane fouling control is a result of changes in HA molecular characteristics. The TiO 2 /UV photocatalytic reactor caused the degradation of high MW, hydrophobic humic-like molecules to low MW, hydrophilic protein-like molecules, although this fraction was not completely removed during 150 min of treatment and was less responsible for membrane fouling.     

The methodology of quantitative assess economic output of climate change

A method is introduced in this paper to study the effect of future climatic change on the economy. The researchers determine the economic output of climate change from historical data, and provide a method to quantitatively predict economic output of climate change by an economic-climatic model. A historical reciprocating examination is used to analyze output data for various crops in eight agricultural areas in China and meteorological data from 160 observatories in China from 1980 to 2000. The results show that the methods used are reasonable to a certain extent and good in application.     

方柱微结构芯片射流冲击流动沸腾换热实验研究

对喷射条件下的电子芯片在FC-72中的流动沸腾换热进行了研究,并和同工况下的光滑芯片作了对比.实验选取的工况如下:过冷度为25、35℃;横流速度Vc为0.5、1、1.5m/s;喷射速度Vj为0、1、2m/s.实验采用的硅片尺寸为10mm×10mm×0.5mm,通过干腐蚀技术在其表面加工出30μm×120μm、50μm×120μm的方柱微结构.实验表明,所有芯片的换热性能都随过冷度和流速的增加而提高,方柱微结构能明显地强化芯片换热,而射流冲击进一步提高了芯片在高热流密度下的换热性能.同一横流速度下,喷射速度越大,换热性能越好,尤其是Vc=0.5m/s、Vj=2m/s时,强化效果最显著.随着横流速度的增加,射流冲击的强化效果减弱,临界热流密度值增幅减小.     

曹妃甸海域磷酸盐容量控制

首先,建立曹妃甸海域潮流和污染物输运数学模型,并用实测资料对模型进行验证;然后,应用验证好的数学模型,计算六种典型水文条件(洪季大、中、小潮,枯季大、中、小潮)下该海域8个河流排污口和曹妃甸围填区混合区半径上的磷酸盐浓度,并与功能区要求的水质标准进行比较分析;最后,计算出磷酸盐的允许排放量和削减率.结果表明:磷酸盐超标的枯季为陡河和沙河,洪季为双龙河和围填区,应加强对这些河流相应季节磷酸盐排放量的控制.     

软土地铁隧道运营期沉降监控研究综述

阐述了软土地铁隧道运营期沉降监控的必要性与重要性,并在分析软土地铁隧道运营期沉降特点的基础上,对国内外软土地铁隧道运营期沉降监测技术、沉降预测研究、沉降稳定性分析与预警研究等问题进行了系统总结,指出了软土地铁隧道运营期沉降监控研究中存在的问题,探讨了该领域研究的发展方向.     

浅析房地产及物业管理如何与节能型建筑接轨

节能建筑已成为社会能源可持续发展的必然选择,相关的生产链势必会发生一次变革。通过了解目前我国节能型建筑所面临的问题,参考国内外的节能机制,文章分析了房地产、物业管理这两种市场主体参与节能的条件以及运行模式,从而消除对节能建筑的经济价值的忧虑,为房地产业与物业在节能建筑领域的新发展提供参考。     

论建筑工程的施工管理对成本核算的重要性

文章对工民建工程的施工管理到成本核算进行了较为完整的阐述,对当前工民建工程施工管理现状及存在的问题进行了分析、对比,并结合实际提出了管理的相关措施,阐述了从施工管理上下功夫对降低成本是一种有效的方法。     

从图形“实体”到几何“存在”——对笛卡尔解析几何的哲学反思

笛卡尔的解析几何与欧几里得的《几何原本》在点、线和空间等基本概念上有较大差异。相对于《几何原本》:解析几何中的点可相互区分,且依赖于与其它点的关系而存在;曲线的存在依赖坐标空间整体,同时是点的运动轨迹,与物理运动的可能路径相关;坐标系通过量化空间,提供了对于空间的完整构造。从图形实体到几何存在,是笛卡尔对于数学实在和存在方式所作的区分。     

海口市优势水产品重点养殖区病害调查及分析

2007-2009年,对演丰、三江、灵山、大致坡、红旗、长流、西秀、府城等重点养殖区的罗非鱼(Tilapia sp.)、对虾(Penaeus sp.)养殖水体进行现场调查和分析研究,初步摸清了近3年病害的种类、流行、发病特点及造成的损失情况.细菌性、病毒性疾病是罗非鱼、对虾的主要病害,特别是白斑病、红体病、链球菌病、底死症、高温综合症等发病非常普遍.7-9月份为罗非鱼发病高峰期;3-5月份和9-11月份为对虾发病高峰期.多数病害在调查区域均有分布,发病后死亡率较高.2007-2009年海口市水产病害死亡造成的直接经济损失近281万元.