基于SIFT的车标识别算法

针对车标识别过程中匹配阈值难、识别速度慢的问题,提出一种基于尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)的特征匹配车标识别算法.利用SIFT算子对图像的视角、平移、放射、亮度、旋转等不变特性进行提取,并采用BP神经网络算法自主选取车标图像特征进行分类、匹配和识别.仿真实验结果表明,简单车标和复杂车标的识别率平均值均达90%以上,该算法识别速度较快、识别率较高,能满足实际应用的需要.     

自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波动力电池的SOC估计

无迹卡尔曼滤波法(Unscented-Kalman Filter,UKF)在估计动力电池的剩余容量(State of Charge,SOC)时,由于系统噪声的不确定,可能导致算法不收敛,而且算法的估计性能受模型精度的影响,为此采用自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波法(Adaptive-UKF,AUKF)动态估计电动汽车动力电池的SOC.建立了适用于SOC估计的电池模型,辨识相应的电池模型的参数并进行验证,将AUKF应用到该模型,在未知干扰噪声环境下,在线估计电池的SOC.试验仿真结果表明:UKF算法的估计误差在-0.04~0.06之间跳动,而AUKF算法的估计误差平稳的保持在0.05以内,实时修正微小的模型误差带来的SOC估计误差.     

双积分制下汽车生产商生产决策优化

本文研究了燃料消耗量积分和新能源汽车积分"双积分制"下汽车生产商生产决策问题,基于持股比例和内部期权协议建立了传统能源车与新能源汽车联合决策模型,在积分不足、积分富余和积分平衡三种策略情形下求解了最优定价、产量和内部积分协议价,并针对市场积分价格和汽车销售量的实际波动求解了生产计划的鲁棒区间及其应急调整策略.研究结果表明:持股比例主要影响内部协议价形成,持股比例越高,内部协议价越趋近于外部市场价;初始生产计划存在多维非对称鲁棒区间,汽车生产商可通过价格响应机制实现生产计划扰动管理及积分策略切换;控制积分交易限量将改变最优生产计划及其应急调整策略.     

配置500 MPa箍筋混凝土梁在间接荷载作用下受剪性能的研究

对3根配置500 MPa箍筋的混凝土梁进行间接加载试验,分析了高强箍筋混凝土梁的受力性能、斜裂缝开展情况以及破坏形态.结合ABAQUS有限元软件研究了剪跨比和配箍率对试验梁抗剪承载力的影响.研究表明：《混凝土结构设计规范》能很好地预测配置500 MPa箍筋混凝土梁在直接加载作用下的抗剪承载力;间接加载梁与直接加载梁相比,抗剪承载力有一定程度的降低,降低因素主要为剪跨比和配箍率;规范中附加横向配筋的构造要求可以有效补偿间接加载作用下高强箍筋梁抗剪承载力的降低.     

货车整车质量辨识方法研究

针对货车整车质量辨识问题,分别对基于车辆纵向动力学和基于运动学的两种整车质量辨别方法进行仿真和实车试验研究。阐述了两种整车质量辨识方法的原理,在TruckSim软件平台上建立车辆模型并在多种工况下基于这两种方法进行仿真分析。根据仿真结果进行实车试验,提出了一种车速冗余计算和加速度计算的方法,利用带时变遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法（RLS）对实车质量进行估计。研究结果表明,所提出的车速冗余计算方法和加速度计算方法准确有效,同时减少换挡次数能够显著提高辨识算法的收敛速度。相比于运动学整车质量辨识算法,基于车辆纵向动力学整车质量辨识算法能够有效地估计货车整车质量,鲁棒性好,估计准确,收敛速度快,具有很好的工程应用价值。     

中间相沥青基介孔炭的表征及其用作锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能

以中间相沥青为碳源、CaCO_3为模板,制备中间相沥青基介孔炭(MPMC)。采用XRD、SEM、TEM等手段表征所制介孔炭的结构和形貌,并将其用作锂离子电池的负极材料,测试电化学性能。结果表明,所制MPMC具有丰富的介孔结构和较大的比表面积及孔体积,随着CaCO_3质量分数的增加,MPMC的比表面积和孔体积先增加后减小,当CaCO_3的质量分数为70%时,所制MPMC的比表面积和孔体积最大;MPMC用作锂离子电池负极材料具有良好的电化学性能,能有效提高锂离子电池的可逆比容量,具有良好的循环稳定性和倍率性能。     

Leaching behavior of V,Pb, Cd,Cr, and As from stone coal waste rock with different particle sizes

This paper investigates the leaching behavior of heavy metals (V, Pb, Cd, Cr, and As) from stone coal waste rocks with various particle sizes using dynamic leaching experiments. The results show that the dissolved concentrations of V and As initially increased and then slightly decreased as time progressed and that the dissolved concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr were high in the early stage before decreasing. The particle size of the stone coal waste rocks strongly influenced the heavy metal concentration in the leaching solutions. The effects of the particle size of the stone coal waste rocks on the dissolved concentrations of V, Pb, and As decreased in the order fine fraction > medium fraction > coarse fraction, and the effects of particle size on the dissolved concentrations of Cr and Cd decreased in the order medium fraction > coarse fraction > fine fraction and coarse fraction > medium fraction > fine fraction, respectively. The quantities of heavy metals dissolved from the stone coal waste rock with fine particle sizes were observed to decrease in the order V (17104.36 μg/kg) > As (609.41 μg/kg) > Pb (469.24 μg/kg) > Cr (56.35 μg/kg) > Cd (27.52 μg/kg), and the dissolution rates decreased in the order As (2.96%) > Pb (0.93%) > V (0.35%) > Cd (0.25%) > Cr (0.01%). The specific surface area, pore size of the stone coal waste rocks, and chemical forms of heavy metals also influenced the release of heavy metals from the stone coal waste rocks. Kinetic analysis showed that the dissolution of heavy metals fundamentally agreed with the rate equation controlled by the shrinking core model. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the evaluation of heavy metals contamination from stone coal waste rocks.     

中南半岛恐怖袭击事件时空演变特征分析

 以国际恐怖主义事件数据库等数据源为基础,采用空间统计和核密度分析方法,分析了中南半岛恐怖袭击的时空演变特征,探讨了恐怖袭击目标和方式的转变特征,介绍了中南半岛恐怖袭击事件中的主要恐怖组织。研究表明,中南半岛逐渐成为恐怖组织袭击的重点区域之一,并且采取的方式杀伤性更强,政府应该采取措施预防应对恐怖袭击事件。     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

酸性木聚糖酶产生菌XYW5的筛选及酶学性质

【目的】选育优良的产酸性木聚糖酶的微生物,考察酸性木聚糖酶的酶学性质(尤其是pH值为4.0),为实现纤维素乙醇低成本清洁生产打下基础。【方法】从广西大学农场采集土壤,富集后经产酸性木聚糖酶的培养,比较酸性木聚糖酶酶活力,选育酸性木聚糖酶高产菌株,鉴定菌种,分析酶学性质。【结果】筛选出产酸性木聚糖酶酶活力较高的菌株XYW5。扩增菌株XYW5的ITS rDNA序列,经测序分析比对,将其初步鉴定为日本曲霉Aspergillus japonicus XYW5。菌株XYW5产酸性木聚糖酶和酸性木糖苷酶的酶活力最高分别达(26. 26±0. 97)U/mL和(0.63±0.02) U/mL,比活力分别为(85.50±0.63) U/mg和(1.80±0.01) U/mg;其酸性木聚糖酶最适温度和最适pH值分别为65℃和6.5,酸性木糖苷酶最适温度和最适pH值分别为70℃和4.5;酸性木聚糖酶兼有酸性CMCase酶活力,达到8.54 U/mL。【结论】菌株XYW5所产的酸性木聚糖酶具有开发成为优良工业酸性木聚糖酶的潜力。