小尺寸金属系统电导率的计算

运用量子统计要函数方法和久保公式分别计算一维金属线、二维金属薄膜的杂质散射电导率,计算结果表 尺寸金属系统的电导率跟金属系统上有关,具有量子尺寸效应。     

电解法处理不锈钢酸洗废液机理的研究

通过对常用于清洗不锈钢氧化皮的含有氢氟酸酸洗废液进行电解,探讨了在酸性废液中金属电沉积的条件及阳离子表面活性剂对析氢超电势的影响,初步找到了电解法处理酸洗废液再生利用的方法;这对解决国内外至今尚未解决的排放污染问题有较大的实用价值。     

氧同位素：追踪陆架海沿岸水团变化的良好标志

对于陆架海而言除了冰体积效应,温度效应外,还有由于大陆淡水注入引起的,使δ＾１８Ｏ值负向偏移的效应,而且在低海平面时期,当沿岸水团盛行时,这种效应起主导作用。笔者将这种效应从广州的盐度效应中分离出来,称为陆架海的负值效应。     

A massive phytoplankton bloom induced by an ecosystem-scale iron fertilization experiment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

The seeding of an expanse of surface waters in the equatorial Pacific Ocean with low concentrations of dissolved iron triggered a massive phytoplankton bloom which consumed large quantities of carbon dioxide and nitrate that these microscopic plants cannot fully utilize under natural conditions. These and other observations provide unequivocal support for the hypothesis that phytoplankton growth in this oceanic region is limited by iron bioavailability.     

Insect motion detectors matched to visual ecology

To detect motion, primates, birds and insects all use local detectors to correlate signals sampled at one location in the image with those sampled after a delay at adjacent locations. These detectors can adapt to high image velocities by shortening the delay. To investigate whether they use long delays for detecting low velocities, we compared motion-sensitive neurons in ten species of fast-flying insects, some of which encounter low velocities while hovering. Neurons of bee-flies and hawkmoths, which hover, are tuned to lower temporal frequencies than those of butterflies and bumblebees, which do not. Tuning to low frequencies indicates longer delays and extends sensitivity to lower velocities. Hoverflies retain fast temporal tuning but use their high spatial acuity for sensing low-velocity motion. Thus an unexpectedly wide range of spatio-temporal tuning matches motion detection to visual ecology.     

The use of cyclophosphamide as an enhancer of the vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease

The immunization of biungulate animals with killed foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) requires periodic vaccinations due to a low vaccine immunogenicity. Therefore, FMDV antigens need to be combined with adjuvants such as aluminum hydroxide, saponin or oil emulsions. Animal handling for periodic inoculations, and the repeated doses of vaccines that have to be administered increase the commercialization costs. Moreover, the use of adjuvants may induce adverse effects.In the present work we show that it is possible to increase the life span of neutralizing antibodies in serum when a single dose of cyclophosphamide (Cy) is administered four days before vaccination with aluminum hydroxidesaponin FMDV vaccine.     

Surface state of molybdenum cations in MoO3/CeO2

Conclusion  

IDSS的实现技术探讨

探讨智能型决策支持系统(IDSS)的实现技术,以DSS模型语言IFPS/plus为工具建立的“贷款审批决策系统”说明了使用模型语法表达定性数据和符号推理的方法,这种方法把专家系统(ES)的功能直接嵌入DSS,对许多IDSS的构建是有效的。     

Some citrus chitinases also possess chitosanase activities

Several acidic chitinase and chitosanase isoforms were found in 4-week-old nonembryogenic sweet orange (Valencia [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]) callus tissue. Two isoforms (designated A1-CF1 and A1-CF2) were purified to homogeneity using HPLC size exclusion, anion exchange, and chromatofocusing techniques. Both hydrolase isoforms exhibited activity with either colloidal chitin or solubilized shrimp shell chitosan. Specific activities for the purified isoforms could not be calculated because of the lack of protein and contamination of ampholytes. However, the specific activities for chitinase and chitosanase after anion exchange were respectively 404 nmol GlcNAc per min per mg protein and 2,475 nmol GlcN per min per mg protein. The M_r for both enzymes was 30,500. The homogeneous proteins cross-reacted in western blots with antiserum against a basic class I potato leaf chitinase.     

A 6,000-year sedimentary molecular record of chemocline excursions in the Black Sea

The Black Sea is the world's largest anoxic basin; it is also a contemporary analogue of the environment in which carbonaceous shales and petroleum source beds formed. Recently, Repeta et al. reported that anoxygenic photosynthesis may be an important component of carbon cycling in the present Black Sea, owing to a shoaling of the chemocline and consequent penetration of the photic zone by anaerobic waters in the past few decades. It has been suggested that this was due to an anthropogenic decrease in freshwater input to the Black Sea, although natural causes were not ruled out. Here we report the distributions of sequestered photosynthetic pigments in eight core samples of sediments from the Black Sea ranging in age from zero to 6,200 years before the present. Our results show that photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae [correction of Clorobiaceae]) have been active in the Black Sea for substantial periods of time in the past. This finding indicates that the penetration of the photic zone by anaerobic waters is not a recent phenomenon, and suggests that natural causes for shoaling of the chemocline are more likely than anthropogenic ones.