正交双向网格图及方向优先算法

目前建筑工程的工程量计算基本上采取的是“统筹法”和“公式法”,这两种方法对工程的概算、预算的精确度及工作效率都产生了那样或这样的问题。本文从建筑图的正向分析开始,进而讨论了工程量计算模型的定义,在定义基础上给出了轴线的方向函数以及方向优先算法和具体实现过程。     

提高西德MNPJ型毛圈圆纬机压针三角与舌针使用寿命的研究

本文通过西德MNPJ型毛圈圆纬机编织过程的受力分析和机械润滑试验,提出了提高三角和舌针使用寿命的途径;同时又对该机三角系统的材料进行了研究,提出了自制三角系统的看法。     

Regulation of cellulose synthesis in Acetobacter xylinum by cyclic diguanylic acid

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable carbon resource on earth and is an indispensable raw material for the wood, paper, and textile industries. A model system to study the mechanism of cellulose biogenesis is the bacterium Acetobacter xylinum which produces pure cellulose as an extracellular product. It was from this organism that in vitro preparations which possessed high levels of cellulose synthase activity were first obtained in both membranous and soluble forms. We recently demonstrated that this activity is subject to a complex multi-component regulatory system, in which the synthase is directly affected by an unusual cyclic nucleotide activator enzymatically formed from GTP, and indirectly by a Ca (2+) -sensitive phosphodiesterase which degrades the activator. The cellulose synthase activator (CSA) has now been identified as bis-(3' 5')-cyclic diguanylic acid (5'G3'p5'G3'p) on the basis of mass spectroscopic data, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and comparison with chemically synthesized material. We also report here on intermediary steps in the synthesis and degradation of this novel circular dinucleotide, which have been integrated into a model for the regulation of cellulose synthesis.     

成核剂Na_2CO_3对PET结晶行为的影响

本文对Na_2CO_3在PET中的成核作用及机理、对结晶体结构变化、结晶动力学进行了讨论,比较了不同条件下结晶的PET晶体结构的差异。Na_2CO_3使PET结晶完善性,结晶度,晶体有序度增大,结晶速度加快,晶核尺寸变小,其成核作用是以化学反应机理进行的,成核中心是COO~-Na~+。     

黏弹性基体中FG-CNTRCs圆柱壳热振动特性分析

建立了考虑碳纳米管（Carbon Nanotubes,CNTs）尺度效应的宏观功能梯度碳纳米管增强复合材料（Functionally Graded Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Composites,FG-CNTRCs）圆柱壳自由振动特性的理论模型. 综合考虑CNTs的取向和尺度效应,基于Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka（EMT）方法和非局部理论建立了宏观CNTRCs的非局部EMT本构模型. 基于Kirchhoff-Love圆柱壳假设,采用Hamilton原理推导了热环境中visco-Pasternak基体中FG-CNTRCs圆柱壳的自由振动控制方程,利用Navier法得到两端简支圆柱壳的固有频率,并与文献中结果进行对比,验证了模型和方法的正确性. 分析了非局部参数、CNTs的体积分数和分布方式、圆柱壳的长厚比、环境温度以及地基参数等对简支FG-CNTRCs圆柱壳自由振动特性的影响. 研究发现,考虑CNTs的尺度效应后会降低FG-CNTRCs圆柱壳的抗弯刚度,环境温度对简支FG-X-CNTRCs圆柱壳固有频率虚部的影响随CNTs体积分数的增大而增大,且长厚比和地基的阻尼参数对虚部的影响有耦合作用.     

坐标测量机的空间误差检测及误差修正

如何简单、迅速地获取坐标测量机的机构误差,并对其进行软件修正,是近年来国内外学者研究的一个重要课题。本文研究了三坐标测量机的误差修正理论及用三维检具检测测量机误差的方法,提出了空间球检具晶格移位法误差检测原理和多项式拟合的误差函数获得方法,并将其应用于一台中型的坐标测量机的误差修正中,收到了满意的效果。     

A deficiency of the homeotic complex of the beetle Tribolium

In Drosophila, the establishment of regional commitments along most of the anterior/posterior axis of the developing embryo depends on two clusters of homeotic genes: the Antennapedia complex (ANT-C) and the bithorax complex (BX-C). The red flour beetle has a single complex (HOM-C) representing the homologues of the ANT-C and BX-C in juxtaposition. Beetles trans-heterozygous for two particular HOM-C mutations spontaneously generate a large deficiency, presumably by an exchange within the common region of two overlapping inversions. Genetic and molecular results indicate that this deficiency spans at least the interval between the Deformed and abdominal-A homologues. In deficiency homozygous embryos, all gnathal, thoracic and abdominal segments develop antennal appendages, suggesting that a gene(s) has been deleted that acts to distinguish trunk from head. There is no evidence that beetles have a homologue of the segmentation gene fushi tarazu of similar genomic location and function. On the basis of the genetic tractability, convenient genome size and organization of Tribolium, and its relatively long phylogenetic divergence from Drosophila (>300 million years), we have integrated developmental genetic and molecular analyses of the HOM-C. We isolated about 70 mutations in the complex representing at least six complementation groups. The homeotic phenotypes of adults and lethal embryos lead us to believe that these beetle genes are homologous with the Drosophila genes indicated in Fig. 1 (see text).