炔螨特在桑树及土壤中的残留特性

为科学指导安全用药,确定炔螨特在桑树上的安全用药准则,研究了农药炔螨特在桑树不同部位的降解动态和最终残留特性。采用液质联用检测技术,研究炔螨特施用后不同时间的残留量,以及不同施药方式处理下炔螨特的最终残留特性。结果表明,炔螨特在桑树不同部位的残留规律均符合一级反应动力学方程C=C0e-kt。由该方程求出炔螨特在桑叶、土壤和桑葚中的半衰期分别为6.78～10.42、9.21～12.46和7.91～10.85 d。最终残留结果显示,桑叶、桑葚和土壤施药后10 d残留量分别下降到施药后3 d的16.7%～30.40%、29.0%～31.1%和37.1%～34.7%。距最后一次施药10 d后,桑叶和桑葚部位炔螨特最终残留量检测结果低于10.0mg/kg。因此,建议炔螨特在桑树上最大残留限量(maximum residue limit,MRL)值暂定为10.0mg/kg,最多使用2次,安全间隔期为10 d。     

沪深股市厚尾特征及VaR估计

通过广义Pareto分布拟合沪深股市综合指数对数收益率的尾分布,并得到相应的VaR估计.     

Pulse radiolysis studies of functionally substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquids

The reactions of imidazolium-based ionic liquids having different substituent groups on the ring with hydrated electrons (eaq-),hydroxyl radicals (·OH),and sulfate anion radicals (SO4·-) were investigated using nanosecond pulse radiolysis techniques.The spectra of these ionic liquids on reaction with eaq-all exhibited a similar peak at about 320 nm,and a typical peak for eaq-in aqueous ionic liquid solutions.The reaction rate constants for 1,3-disubstituted imidazolium-based ionic liquid hexafluorophosphates (BMIPF 6) with eaq-were deduced to be 10 10 L mol-1s-1,however the values were lower for trisubstituted ionic liquids.For example,the rate constant for 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMMIBF 4) was 5.5×10 9 L mol-1s-1.Imidazolium-based ionic liquids reacted with hydroxyl radicals via adducts to produce a mixture of isomeric OH adducts,and the pk a value of the OH adducts was deduced to be 8.4±0.4 for 1-butyl-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF 4).Moreover,imidazolium cations were also oxidized by SO4·-to produce bivalent cation radicals,which exhibit a peak at 320 nm,and these rate constants are of the same order of magnitude,i.e.,10 9 L mol-1s-1,except that for 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate with SO4·-(k=2.8×10 8 L mol-1 s-1).Theoretical calculations were carried out to estimate the structures of the products of reduction by eaq- and the results were related to the experimental data.     

An engraved artifact from Shuidonggou, an Early Late Paleolithic Site in Northwest China

Cognition and symbolic thinking are viewed as important features of modern human behavior.Engraved objects are seen as a hallmark of cognition and symbolism,and even as evidence for language.Accumulated evidences including engraved bones,ochre,ostrich eggshells and stone artifacts were unearthed from Africa,Europe,Levant even Siberia Paleolithic sites.But the archaeological evidence for this,including beads,ornaments,burials,performed objects and engraved objects,is rarely discovered in the Pleistocene of East Asia.The present paper reports an engraved stone object unearthed in the Early Late Paleolithic levels about 30 ka BP at the Shuidonggou site(SDG) in northwestern China.It was unearthed in the 1980’s excavation from Lower culture unit of SDG1 but was identified in 2011 when the first author of this article observed the collection from the 1980’s excavations stored in the Institute of Archaeology of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for further detailed lithic analysis.This lithic artifact is the first engraved non-organic object of the Paleolithic period found in China.In order to clarify the details of the incisions and to document the human intentional modifications,we used a KEYENCE VHX-600 Digital Microscope to measure and observe all the incisions in 3-dimensional perspective.Comparing the natural cracks and analyzing many details of the incisions,we argue that incisions on this stone artifact are the result of intentional behaviors by ancient humans.Also,we exclude the possible other causes including animal-induced damages,post-depositional phenomenon and unintentional by-products.Combining all these features,we suggest that the incisions were made by an intentional behavior and were probably of a non-utilitarian character.Because the nature of most other engraved objects in China is debate,we cannot get a clear scenario of the emergence and progress of modern human behavior in North China.But we infer the possible existence of a counting or recording system,or other symbolic behaviors,which reflect considerably evolved cognitive capacities or modern human behavior in the Early Late Paleolithic of East Asia.     

Modern human behaviors during the late stage of the MIS3 and the broad spectrum revolution: Evidence from a Shuidonggou Late Paleolithic site

The last glacial period was vital for the distribution and evolution of early modern humans in Asia. The Shuidonggou Late Paleolithic site, dated at 30-20 ka BP, accumulated cultural remains during the important late stage of MIS 3 period in the last glacial. These remains represent characteristics of typical Late Paleolithic conditions in North China:high degree of standardization and morphological variability of tool types, exploitation of bone materials, systematic use of body decorations, extensive use of earth-pit hearths, distinct functional spatial organization within habitations, and conversion of subsistence patterns. These characteristics illustrate early modern human behaviors during the late MIS3 period, and provide clues and perspectives for the analysis of early modern human origins in China. At the same time, the conversion of subsistence patterns is considered to be a combination of multiple early modern human behaviors, as well as the result of the Broad Spectrum Revolution. In this paper, we argue for the dynamic mechanism of Broad Spectrum Revolution from a human behavioral and ecological perspective.     

曲面的三个基本形式的系数矩阵之间关系的证明

给出R3中曲面的3个基本形式的系数矩阵之间关系的一个直接证明,并由此得到曲面的3个基本形式之间的关系表示及其一些应用.     

Using the Dempster-Shafer Theory of Evidence to Rank Documents

Multi-source information can be utilized collaboratively to improve the performance of information retrieval. To make full use of the document and collection information, this paper introduces a new information retrieval model that relies on the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. Each query-document pair is taken as a piece of evidence for the relevance between a document and a query. The evidence is combined using Dempster’s rule of combination, and the belief committed to the relevance is obtained. Retrieved documents are then ranked according to the belief committed to the relevance. Several basic probability assignments are also proposed. Extensive experiments over the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) test collection ClueWeb09 show that the proposed model provides performance similar to that of the Vector Space Model (VSM). Under certain probability assignments, the proposed model outperforms the VSM by 63% in terms of mean average precision.     

起伏地表稳相黏弹叠前时间偏移方法及应用

由于大地黏弹介质的吸收作用,地震波在地层中传播时会产生子波相位畸变、高频成分衰减等现象,不能满足薄砂体、小断裂、不整合面等地质现象刻画对地震资料振幅保真和高分辨率的要求.起伏地表稳相黏弹性叠前时间偏移方法是基于浮动基准面假设,通过引入等效Q值实现沿地震波的传播路径补偿吸收衰减的目标,提出了起伏地表倾角道集的计算方法,并...     

Density-based clustering method in the moving object database

With the rapid advance of wireless communication, tracking the positions of the moving objects is becoming increasingly feasible and necessary. Because a large number of people use mobile phones, we must handle a large moving object database as well as the following problems. How can we provide the customers with high quality service, that means, how can we deal with so many enquiries within as less time as possible? Because of the large number of data, the gap between CPU speed and the size of main memory has increasing considerably. One way to reduce the time to handle enquiries is to reduce the I/O number between the buffer and the secondary storage. An effective clustering of the objects can minimize the I/O cost between them. In this paper, according to the characteristic of the moving object database, we analyze the objects in buffer, according to their mappiigs in the two-dimension coordiiate, and then develop a density-based clustering method to effectively reorganize the clusters. This new mechanism leads to the less cost of the I/O operation and the more efficient response to enquiries.