Heterogeneous reactions on the surface of fine particles in the atmosphere

Fine particles play an important role in the atmosphere. Research on heterogeneous reactions on the surface of fine particles is one of the frontier areas of atmospheric science. In this paper, physical and chemical characteristics of fine particles in the atmosphere and the interactions between trace gases and fine particles are described, methods used in heterogeneous reactions research are discussed in detail, progress in the study of heterogeneous reactions on the surface of fine particles in the atmosphere is summarized, existing important questions are pointed out and future research directions are suggested.     

参数未知随机系统的最小方差对偶自适应控制

针对参数未知随机系统的自适应控制问题,研究了最小方差对偶自适应控制。分析了由于未知参数的不确定性,使得运用动态规划原理求解最优控制律时存在着困难,转而寻求次优控制律;给出了差分方程转换成状态空间模型的方法,将未知参数在一个确定的模型集中取值,运用动态规划原理得到各模型的控制律,通过各模型后验概率加权获得次优对偶控制律。给出了算例,以验证此算法的有效性,表明所得到的控制律既有调节作用,又有学习作用。     

基于模糊推理的小波域图像融合规则

现有的2种主要的小波域融合规则,即选择绝对值最大系数规则和选择与加权平均相结合的规则,都存在着融合信息不完整和易受噪声干扰等缺点.为克服这些缺点,使融合图像包含尽可能多的源图信息,提出了基于模糊推理的小波域融合规则.此规则根据源图像小波系数的局部区域特征,通过模糊推理确定各源图像相应系数的权值,再对相应系数加权平均得到融合后的小波系数.实验结果表明,使用基于模糊推理的融合规则融合的图像,在峰值信噪比以及与源图像之间的互信息量等方面均优于使用2种现有规则进行融合所得的图像.新规则有效地克服了现有规则的缺点,具有更好的信息完备性和鲁棒性,尤其在源图像受到噪声污染的情况下,其优势更加明显.     

液体动力润滑滑动轴承概率设计

为了最大限度地满足液体动力润滑径向滑动轴承的承载量系数值,以达到滑动轴承承载能力的要求,提出液体动力润滑径向滑动轴承概率设计的数学模型,并给出了具体的概率设计方法.实例计算结果表明,该方法实用、合理.     

零地址单片机仿真器的设计

Keil C51是美国Keil software公司出品的51系列兼容单片机C语言开发平台.基于Keil Monitor-51,实现与Keil C51的通信以及达到零地址仿真51CPU的功能,其仿真效果可与市场上各种仿真器相媲美,本文详细说明了硬件电路及相关软件程序的设计.     

光纤定位单元粗跑合阶段的故障分析与处理

针对光纤定位单元在粗跑合阶段的故障现象,分析故障产生机理,研究并提出了故障排除方法和手段.结合该阶段光纤定位单元的运行特点,建立光纤定位单元的故障树,还根据故障树来评价各零部件的故障状态及其对保证系统可靠性、安全性的重要程度.     

Neural correlates of short-term perceptual learning in orientation discrimination indexed by event-related potentials

The current work investigated the neural correlates of visual perceptual learning in grating orientation discrimination by recording event-related potentials (ERPs) from human adults. Subjects were trained with a discrimination task of grating orientation in three consecutive training sessions within 2 h. While reaction times (RTs) were shortened gradually across training sessions, the N1 was decreased and the P2 was increased over the parietal and occipital areas. A broadly distributed P3 was increased along with more practices. In addition, the time course of learning reflected in the P2 and P3 amplitudes was in line with the changes of reaction times and exhibited a stable level during later training. The impli- cations of these results to the neural mechanisms subserving perceptual learning were discussed.     

Molecular dynamics simulation and continuum modelling of granular surface flow in rotating drums

Numerical simulations of granular flows in rotating drums operated at medium to high rates (Fr=0.1― 0.2) have been carried out by using a Molecular Dynamics (MD) algorithm that incorporates inelastic particle interactions, sliding friction and rolling friction. The results indicate that the behavior of granular flow in rotating drums can be classified into two distinct zones: a shear active layer at the bed surface and a quasi-static plug flow region adjacent to the wall. The residence time of a tracer particle in the active layer is approximately a third or a half of that in the plug flow region. The thickness of the active layer at mid-chord is about 0.57―0.61 times that of the plug flow region. It is found that all cases simulated in this work are in the rolling-cascading intermediate regime instead of the pure rolling re-gime. The simulated tangential velocity at the mid-chord is also compared with experimental results reported in the literature and good agreement has been obtained. Based on the MD simulations and experimental results, a continuum approach has also been developed. It is shown that the behavior of granular solids in the plug flow region experiences plastic deformation along the radial direction from the wall with the velocity profiles well described by an exponential function, whereas the active layer velocity follows a simple expression for the Couette shear flow. Discussion has also been made on the granular temperature and concentration profiles.     

略述清朝时期的西藏社会体育活动

文章探讨了清朝时期的西藏社会体育活动,认为清朝中央政府在加强对西藏地方的治理和促进当地的经济、政治、文化、教育发展的过程中,在全社会掀起习武练功热潮,极大地促进了西藏民族传统体育的发展和社会体育活动的开展。     

行政范式转化与公共行政伦理的发展

在百余年的发展历史中,西方公共行政范式几经转化,逐渐完成了行政过程对伦理价值的排斥与缺失到寻求和填补的转变。正是在这一转向中,长期分裂的政治与行政、事实与价值开始融合,公共行政伦理学的理论准备日趋成熟。行政伦理学作为一个独立的学科最终得以形成并获得一定发展。