H-空间上的极小极大不等式和不等式组

应用作者得到的 H-空间上的一极小极大不等式,得到了已知不等式组和极小极大不等式的新推广,这些结果改进和推广了 Fan,Pietsch,Granas-Liu,Shih-Tan,Nikaido 和 Kneser 等人的相应结果.     

随焊氩气激冷控制铝/钢薄板焊接应力与变形数值模拟

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对不同焊接工艺条件下铝/钢异种金属薄板对接熔钎焊接过程进行数值模拟,建立了TIG电弧热源与氩气冷源模型,将常规焊接和随焊氩气激冷焊接的残余应力与变形进行对比分析,研究发现:随焊氩气激冷技术可使焊接纵向残余应力和变形分别降低32.8%和48.1%。为了验证数值模拟结果的准确性,进行了铝/钢异种金属薄板熔钎焊试验,将温度场与应力场的模拟值与试验值进行对比,结果显示两者吻合较好,表明随焊氩气激冷技术可有效控制铝/钢薄板焊接残余应力与变形。     

人工湿地污水脱氮中N2O的产生机理和影响因素

人工湿地技术具有良好的污水脱氮效果,但污水中脱除的氮有可能会以N2O的形式释放到大气中。由于N2O是一种重要的温室气体,随着人工湿地的不断推广应用,其向大气中释放N2O的研究引起国内外的关注。综述了目前关于人工湿地系统N2O的产生机理,从污水水质、环境条件、人工湿地系统以及微生物种群结构四个方面详细论述了国内外关于人工湿地系统释放N2O的影响因子的研究现状,并对该研究领域今后的研究重点进行了展望。     

磷素对南漪湖流域水质的影响及其外源性来源分析

为探究磷素对南漪湖近年来水质变化的影响以及定量分析湖泊外源磷污染源结构。于2015—2021年逐月采集南漪湖东湖心、南漪湖西湖心、狮子口3个代表性点位水样,采用单因子评价法、综合污染指数和水污染指数法分别分析了总磷(total phosphorus, TP)、溶解氧、高锰酸盐和氨氮的含量水平,对南漪湖水质的时空变化特征进行了综合性评价以探究磷素与其他指标对水质污染影响的差异。以2017年为基准年,采用改进的输出系数模型对南漪湖流域21个乡镇的外源磷负荷进行分析以确定其主要污染源。结果表明：3种水质评价方法获得的水质评价结果基本相同,2015—2021年南漪湖水质总体呈现逐渐变好的趋势,达到Ⅲ类水质标准;各个指标对南漪湖水质均有一定的影响,但TP是影响南漪湖水质最主要的影响因素,TP判断的水质等级与最终测量的点位水质等级相似;面源污染是主要污染源,其中耕地(包括水田和旱地)污染负荷最大为328.912 1 t/a,其次为建设用地和农村生活污染负荷,占比分别为41.32%和15.32%。研究结果将为南漪湖流域水污染防治提供参考依据,也可以为长江中下游乃至全国典型中小湖泊的污染防治提供参考和...     

New-corrected functions of X-ray powder diffraction

X-ray powder diffraction is an indispensable technique to study material structure, phase transition and so on. It is necessary for high quality diffraction data to get high-precision diffraction angle. This work proposed four corrected functions of X-ray powder diffraction angle. Two methods, linearization method and modified Levenberg-Marquardt iteration method, are given to solve the function parameters, and the modified Levenberg-Marquardt method has fast convergent speed and stable solution. Two methods can give closed parameters, including those of Lu, Liu, and Chu functions and polynomial. New-corrected functions were used to fit the diffraction angle error of the tetragonal rutile polycrystalline TiO2 mixed with Gd0.45Y2.55Sc2Ga3O12 as a standard sample, and the computation result indicates that these functions can characterize the diffraction error very well. In some cases, the new-corrected functions can describe the diffraction angle error better than the reported corrected functions. At the same time, the lattice parameter of Gdo.45Y2.55Sc2Ga3O12 was computed with two methods. When the corrected function parameters and lattice parameters were solved by the least square method, the interaction of the function parameters and lattice parameters would result in great error. However, when the X-ray diffraction angles were corrected by corrected functions using a standard sample, the authentic lattice parameters can be obtained by the least square fitting.     

Parameter estimation for multirate multi-input systems using auxiliary model and multi-innovation

The multirate multi-input systems have different updating periods and sampling periods such that the conventional identification algorithms cannot be used to identify such multirate systems. By using the auxiliary model identification idea, the multiinnovation stochastic gradient algorithm is developed to estimate the parameters of multirate systems. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Biocompatibility studies of silk fibroin-based artificial nerve grafts in vitro and in vivo

Silk fibroin(SF)has been used extensively in the biomedical field including tissue engineering for the generation of artificial bones,skins or ligaments.We have previously reported on good in vitro biocompatibility of SF fibers with peripheral nerve tissues and cells.In the present study,we developed a novel design of the SF-based artificial nerve graft(SF graft)which was composed of a SF-nerve guidance conduit(NGC)inserted with SF fibers.MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of the SF-NGC extract fluid on the cultured L929 cells derived from an immortalized mouse fibroblast cell line.In addition,this SF graft was implanted into adult rats for bridging a 10-mm long sciatic nerve defect.The following-up experiments at initial stage(1-4 week)of nerve regeneration including routine blood tests and histochemical investigation were conducted to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility of the SF graft with peripheral nerves.The results demonstrated that the SF-NGC graft was biocompatible with the surrounding tissues and cells due to its low inflammatory potential with a grade 0 under the U.S.Pharmacopeia guidelines and it was generally suitable to a certain degree for bridging peripheral nerve defects in virtue of supporting Schwann cell adherence,expansion and migration.Therefore the SF graft is a promising alternative to classical autografts for peripheral nerve repair.     

Theoretical study of partial oxidation of ethylene by vanadium trioxide cluster cation

Density functional theory （DFT） study of reaction between vanadium trioxide cluster cation （VO3^＋） and ethylene （C2H4） to yield VO2^＋ ＋ CH3CHO （acetaldehyde） and VO2CH2^＋ ＋ HCHO （formaldehyde） is carried out. Structures of all reactants, products, intermediates, and transition state in the reaction have been optimized and characterized. The results show unexpected barriers in the reaction due to the existence of a η^2-O2 moiety in the ground state structure of VO3^＋. The initial reaction steps combining ethylene adsorption, C=C activation and O-O cleavage are proposed as rate limiting processes. Comparison of reactions of VO3^＋ ＋ C2H4 with VO3 ＋ C2H4 and VO2^＋ ＋ C2H4 in the previous studies is made in detail. The results of this work may shed light on the understanding of C=C bond cleavage in related heterogeneous catalysis.     

基于粒子群算法的微纳米铁粉燃烧实验研究

为减少化石燃料的使用,开发清洁、低碳、可再生的新型能源,对微纳米铁粉燃料开展燃烧实验研究。通过微纳米铁粉的比表面积实验、热重分析实验、X射线衍射实验,得到不同粒径铁粉的比表面积、热重曲线以及X射线衍射图谱。分析粒径对比表面积、热重曲线的影响,研究不同粒径铁粉在40 K/min升温速率下的燃烧特性参数和燃烧动力学参数。并用粒子群算法拟合出微纳米铁粉的燃烧速率微分方程,建立微纳米铁粉的燃烧模型。结果表明：除了50 nm铁粉以外,随着粒径增大,铁粉的着火点温度、最高燃烧速率温度、燃尽温度、活化能、指前因子均增大。50 nm铁粉会在高温下发生熔化并凝结,使得燃尽温度上升,燃尽时间延长,不利于反应正常进行。对于粒径在50 nm～2μm范围内的铁粉,可以通过本文建立的铁粉燃烧速率微分方程近似计算不同粒径微纳米铁粉的燃烧特性参数和燃烧动力学参数,误差在允许的范围内。     

楔压加工对Al-20Si合金铸造管坯组织性能的影响

为了消除铸造铝硅合金中的孔洞、疏松等缺陷,改善合金组织,提高合金性能,采用基于多道次局部小变形累积致整体成型的楔形压制工艺,对通过重力铸造方法制备出直径为Φ328mm的AI-Si管坯,进行楔形压制.通过金相组织、室温拉伸、布氏硬度和SEM等手段,研究了楔形压制的规律及合金的组织与性能的演变.结果表明:管坯中的孔洞显著闭...