地域通信网聚点团生存性估计方法

为了使地域通信网生存测度考虑时延和链路迂回特性,在跳面节点的基础上提出一种新的地域通信网生存性测度指标——聚点团生存度。计算机仿真结果表明,该生存性测度指标能够同时考虑节点的生存概率以及链路的迂回特性,准确地反映出地域通信网的生存特性。     

低高宽比矩形微通道中流动沸腾的压降特性

以甲醇为工质,在不同进口温度、质量流率、热流密度和倾角下,对低高宽比矩形微通道中流动沸腾压降特性进行了研究,并分别采用均相模型和分相模型对通道压降进行了计算。通过对比实验结果与计算结果发现,均相模型中两相平均粘度的计算应当采用Dukler公式,用其他计算式时误差较大;利用LockhartMartinelli关系式进行的分相模型计算发现,现有C值计算公式,如Chisholm,Lee and Lee,Mishima及Qu and Mudawar等,都不能用于预测该实验中低高宽比微通道的两相压降。实验发现当通     

基于初等变换的量子码构造

为了探讨一般量子稳定子码的简单构造方法,在满足对偶包含条件C⊥(C)C的约束下,提出了从一类量子稳定子码C= [[N,K,D]]q到量子稳定子码C'=[[N-1,K+1,D']]q的基于矩阵初等变换的构造方法.该方法的优点在于码字构造时,量子稳定子码和经典纠错码都是在Fq上进行操作,无须做Fq2到Fq上的映射转换,也无...     

稀溶液中线形DNA分子链结构及扩散的布朗动力学模拟

通过构建全参数化的珠一弹簧分子链模型,并运用一种高效稳定的半隐式预测-校验积分算法求解描述稀溶液中DNA分子链结构演化的随机动力学方程组,系统研究了体积排斥作用、有限伸长弹性作用和涨落流体动力学作用对分子链的回旋半径、质心扩散系数以及相应标度指数的影响.模拟结果能够验证良溶剂中分子链Zimm模型的标度规律,并揭示出3种...     

基底预处理对于水热法制备ZnO微/纳米管阵列的影响

采用水热法系统研究了基底预处理(基底铺膜、不铺膜吹氮气处理和盐酸浸泡处理等)方式对于制备ZnO微/纳米管阵列的影响;结合ZnO晶体的微观结构,探讨了基底特征与ZnO微/纳米管阵列生长的内在联系.结果表明,采用高纯氮气和盐酸浸泡预处理基底均能制备得到ZnO微/纳米管阵列,并且这两种预处理方法制备出的纳米管在尺寸、形貌和分布上有所不同.ZnO微/纳米管成管机理研究表明,ZnO顶部锌终端对于生长微/纳米管起着决定性作用.     

钻孔抽放瓦斯流固耦合分析及数值模拟

钻孔抽放瓦斯是中国利用和治理煤层瓦斯最主要的方法。随着开采深度的加深,地应力场等因素对瓦斯渗流的影响越来越明显。基于对煤层瓦斯一系列的假设的基础上,考虑了地应力、煤层瓦斯压力变化对煤体骨架产生的变形的影响,推导出了孔隙率、渗透率的表达式。运用多孔介质渗流的基本定理和流固耦合的基本理论得出了瓦斯流固耦合控制方程。运用多物理场耦合分析软件对钻孔抽放下的瓦斯渗流场进行了模拟分析。得到了钻孔抽放条件下瓦斯压力的分布、不同的埋藏深度下以及不同的钻孔参数（抽放负压、钻孔半径）对瓦斯渗流场的影响。分析模拟结果可以对现场     

多窗口模式Roberts聚焦评价方法及其应用

自动对焦是图像测量和机器视觉中的重要技术。分析了自动对焦的基本原理,研究了自动对焦过程中的核心问题,提出了一种基于多区域聚焦窗口模式的改进Roberts聚焦评价函数的自动对焦方法。对图像进行滤波去噪预处理,选取多区域聚焦窗口,利用改进的Roberts聚焦评价函数进行评价,最后采用全局搜索和二分查找相结合的方法进行快速焦点定位。试验结果表明该方法兼顾了灵敏性、稳定性,可快速实现自动对焦。     

铁矿粉湿容量的概念及其在制粒过程中的应用

适宜的配水量对改善铁矿粉的制粒效果起重要作用。为建立一种简单易行、准确合理的方法,提出了铁矿粉湿容量的概念,即单位质量的矿物在自然堆积的状态下所能保持的最大含水量,并开发出相关测试设备。利用该方法对来自某实际生产过程中的5组混合料进行了测试,得到了每组混合料的湿容量。在实验室规模的设备上进行了5组混合料在不同配水量条件下的制粒实验,并对其透气性进行了检测,得到了每组原料的最佳配水量。对比每组混合料的湿容量和最佳配水量发现：两个参数之间具有很强的正相关性,湿容量大的混合料需要配加更多的水后料层才能达到最佳的制粒效果。还对料层的透气性和粒度分布关系做了讨论。实验发现随着加水量的增多,颗粒制粒后的粒度逐渐增大,料层的透气性先增大后减小。     

Serum levels of perfluorinated compounds in the general population in Shenzhen, China

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected in many environmental matrices, biota, and nonoccupationally exposed populations in China recently. However, little is known about the distribution and levels of various PFCs in the general population living in areas where there is PFC exposure. In the present study, the levels and prevalence of ten target PFCs were determined in 227 serum samples from a population of nonoccupationally exposed individuals in Shenzhen, China. Results indicated that human exposure to PFCs was prevalent in Shenzhen. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant PFC contaminant in the serum samples, with a median concentration of 6.72 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with a median concentration of 2.07 ng/mL. Other PFCs were detected at much lower concentrations, with median concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.87 ng/mL. Statistically, no significant (P>0.05) gender differences were observed for any of the PFCs. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlations were found between age and serum concentrations of the target PFCs, except for perfluorobutane sulfonate (R = 0.16, P = 0.01), perfluorohexanoic acid (R = 0.08, P = 0.22), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (R = 0.11, P = 0.10). Based on the one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, the total daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS for the general population in Shenzhen were calculated as 0.63 and 0.20 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively.     

Rapid growth and sterility of growth hormone gene transgenic triploid carp

Triploid carp (100%) with 150 (3n=150) chromosomes were obtained by crossing the females of improved tetraploid hybrids (♀, 4n=200) of red crucian carp (♀)×common carp (♂) with the males of diploid yellow river carp (♂, 2n=100). The crosses yielded transgenic triploid carp (positive triploid fish, 44.2% of the progeny) and non-transgenic triploid carp (negative triploid fish). Histological examination of the gonads of 24-month-old positive triploid fish suggested they were sterile and the fish were not able to produce mature gametes during the breeding season. Morphologically, both the positive and negative triploid fish were similar. They had a spindle-shaped, laterally compressed, steel grey body with two pairs of barbells. Most of the quantifiable traits of the triploid carp were intermediate between those of the two parents. The positive and negative triploid fish were raised in the same pond for 2 years. The mean body weight of the positive triploid fish was 2.3 times higher than the negative triploid fish. The weight of the largest positive triploid fish was 2.91 times higher than that of the largest negative triploid fish. Thus, we produced fast-growing transgenic triploid carp that have a reduced ecological risk because of their inability to mate and produce progeny.