The Ter mutation in the dead end gene causes germ cell loss and testicular germ cell tumours

In mice, the Ter mutation causes primordial germ cell (PGC) loss in all genetic backgrounds. Ter is also a potent modifier of spontaneous testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) susceptibility in the 129 family of inbred strains, and markedly increases TGCT incidence in 129-Ter/Ter males. In 129-Ter/Ter mice, some of the remaining PGCs transform into undifferentiated pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells, and after birth differentiate into various cells and tissues that compose TGCTs. Here, we report the positional cloning of Ter, revealing a point mutation that introduces a termination codon in the mouse orthologue (Dnd1) of the zebrafish dead end (dnd) gene. PGC deficiency is corrected both with bacterial artificial chromosomes that contain Dnd1 and with a Dnd1-encoding transgene. Dnd1 is expressed in fetal gonads during the critical period when TGCTs originate. DND1 has an RNA recognition motif and is most similar to the apobec complementation factor, a component of the cytidine to uridine RNA-editing complex. These results suggest that Ter may adversely affect essential aspects of RNA biology during PGC development. DND1 is the first protein known to have an RNA recognition motif directly implicated as a heritable cause of spontaneous tumorigenesis. TGCT development in the 129-Ter mouse strain models paediatric TGCT in humans. This work will have important implications for our understanding of the genetic control of TGCT pathogenesis and PGC biology.     

钴、铜大环配合物的合成及性能研究

本文报道了两种新的钴、铜大环配合物[M(14)4,11-二烯-N]I_2(M=Co,Cu)的合成,并对其进行了元素分析,X射线粉未衍射,电导、红外光谱、紫外一可见吸收光谱分析,同时也研究了它们吸氧,脱氧性能.     

克服复共线性的一种新方法

本文提出一种新的有偏估计_w=(X′X+I)~(-1)(X′Y+w_(LS)),其中0相似文献   

柄体中单边界的分离的不可压缩曲面

本文证明了在H_2中存在任意大亏格的单边界的分离的不可压缩曲面,回答了Jaco在[1]中提出的问题。     

Carleman不等式的下界改进及改进式的自动发现

对有限项Carleman不等式进行非严格化,建立了无限项Carleman不等式下界的一个改进,根据其证明规律,编写程序cdiscover2,实现了此类Carleman不等式下界改进式的自动发现.     

Structural basis of ultraviolet-B perception by UVR8

The Arabidopsis thaliana protein UVR8 is a photoreceptor for ultraviolet-B. Upon ultraviolet-B irradiation, UVR8 undergoes an immediate switch from homodimer to monomer, which triggers a signalling pathway for ultraviolet protection. The mechanism by which UVR8 senses ultraviolet-B remains largely unknown. Here we report the crystal structure of UVR8 at 1.8?? resolution, revealing a symmetric homodimer of seven-bladed β-propeller that is devoid of any external cofactor as the chromophore. Arginine residues that stabilize the homodimeric interface, principally Arg?286 and Arg?338, make elaborate intramolecular cation-π interactions with surrounding tryptophan amino acids. Two of these tryptophans, Trp?285 and Trp?233, collectively serve as the ultraviolet-B chromophore. Our structural and biochemical analyses identify the molecular mechanism for UVR8-mediated ultraviolet-B perception, in which ultraviolet-B radiation results in destabilization of the intramolecular cation-π interactions, causing disruption of the critical intermolecular hydrogen bonds mediated by Arg?286 and Arg?338 and subsequent dissociation of the UVR8 homodimer.     

模态综合的界面自由度里兹变换方法

为提高固定界面模态综合方法的计算效率,在利用特征约束模态进行界面自由度降阶的基础上,对静力模态进行过滤,以减小子结构界面矩阵转换的计算时间;然后,对系统界面质量矩阵进行过滤,并采用里兹(Ritz)变换方法计算特征约束模态,以提高模态综合方法的计算效率;最后,运用该方法计算了某轿车白车身0～200 Hz以内的振动特性.计算结果表明:采用该模态综合改进算法后,计算时间减小了32.4%,计算误差小于2%,说明该方法在复杂结构的中、低频振动特性计算中具有较高的效率.     

基于MPI/OPENMP混合编程的三维粒子模拟并行优化

针对MPI、OPENMP并行程序各自存在的缺陷,将MPI与OPENMP结合起来,实现了MPI/OPENMP混合并行编程;通过实验对MPI、OPENMP并行程序及MPI/OPENMP混合并行编程进行了分析.实验结果表明:MPI/OPENMP混合并行编程可以大大减少通信量,其效率和加速比均优于纯MPI并行程序,克服了MPI并行程序中因粒子分布不均匀使负载不均衡而导致的程序性能下降的问题,使得可以利用集群中的更多结点来进行计算,缓解了MPI并行程序的通信延迟问题;同时,MPI/OPENMP混合并行编程克服了OPENMP并行程序依赖于单台计算机处理能力和存储空间的问题,大幅度提高了模拟规模.     

Types and biotic successions of Ordovician reefs in China

Ordovician reefs are located in the South China,Tarim,and North China blocks,in low-latitude epicontinental marine regions and mostly consist of large-scale carbonate platforms.During the Paleozoic,faunal radiation reef biota diverged and thrived in diverse paleogeographic settings.Algal reefs of the Early Ordovician,Calathium-lithistid sponge-algal reefs of the late Early Ordovician to early Middle Ordovician,and coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs of the early Late Ordovician,indicate change from Cambrian to Paleozoic biota.Coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs were the basic communities after 100 Ma.The macroevolution of biotic struc-tures generally shows increased complexity;the evolution of China’s reef biota parallels that worldwide.Important aspects are:(1) The Calathium-algal reefs from the early Tremadocian Nantzinkuan Formation,Zhangjiajie,western Hunan are the pioneer reefs,and the Darriwillian Yijianfang Formation,Bachu are the relic reefs.(2) The bryozoan-dominated reefs of the late Tremadocian Fenhsiang Formation,Middle Yangtze Platform are unique.(3) The early coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs are highly restricted in China.(4) The algal reefs from the latest Katian on the western margin of the Yangtze Platform,represent an abnormal reef-building environment during the initial stages of Gondwanan glaciations.     

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb ages and tectonic implications for Indosinian granitoids of southern Zhuguangshan granitic composite,South China

The large southern Zhuguangshan granitic batholith composite consists of granites with ages varying from the Caledonian through Indosinian to Yanshanian. Based on K-Ar dating data, the ages of the major parts of this composite were previously regarded as Yanshanian. In this study, the SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating method has been adopted for six plutons, Ledong, Longhuashan, Dawozi, Zhaidi, Baiyun and Jiangnan, in the southern Zhuguangshan composite, in which the four plutons other than Baiyun and Jiangnan were previously regarded as Yanshanian granites. Magmatic zircons from these six plutons, dated by this study, have yielded ages of 239±5 Ma (MSWD = 2.5), 239±5 Ma (MSWD = 2.5), 239±2 Ma (MSWD = 1.7), 239±4 Ma (MSWD = 3.2), 231±2 Ma (MSWD = 0.81) and 231±3 Ma (MSWD = 1.8), respectively. The results indicate that these plutons were formed by early Indosinian magmatism. Geochemical characteristics suggest that these granites were formed in an extensional tectonic environment. Therefore, the Indosinian period granites in the southern Zhuguangshan composite were formed by partial melting of the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic crustal components during the collapse of thickened lithosphere after the collision between the South China and Indosinian plates.