Dynamics of individual flexible polymers in a shear flow.

Polymer dynamics are of central importance in materials science, mechanical engineering, biology and medicine. The dynamics of macromolecular solutions and melts in shear flow are typically studied using bulk experimental methods such as light and neutron scattering and birefringence. But the effect of shear on the conformation and dynamics of individual polymers is still not well understood. Here we describe observations of the real-time dynamics of individual, flexible polymers (fluorescently labelled DNA molecules) under a shear flow. The sheared polymers exhibit many types of extended conformation with an overall orientation ranging from parallel to perpendicular with respect to the flow direction. For shear rates much smaller than the inverse of the relaxation time of the molecule, the relative populations of these two main types of conformation are controlled by the rate of the shear flow. These results question the adequacy of assumptions made in standard models of polymer dynamics.     

一变系数(2+1)维微分方程的BT及其精确解

利用齐次平衡原则 ,推导出了变系数 (2 +1)维孤子破裂 (Solitonbreaking)方程的Ba cklund变换 (BT) ,由此可得到该方程的精确解 ,并由解的形式可以看出 ,方程的变系数可改变孤立波的振幅 ,但不改变波形     

广西民族学院学生身体机能状况的研究

对广西民族学院 97级学生进行身体素质、生理、生化、心理、形态五项机能的测试和研究 ,阐述了学生身体机能变化的规律和特点 ,提出存在的问题及解决建议     

Mox2 is a component of the genetic hierarchy controlling limb muscle development.

The skeletal muscles of the limbs develop from myogenic progenitors that originate in the paraxial mesoderm and migrate into the limb-bud mesenchyme. Among the genes known to be important for muscle development in mammalian embryos are those encoding the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs; MyoD, Myf5, myogenin and MRF4) and Pax3, a paired-type homeobox gene that is critical for the development of limb musculature. Mox1 and Mox2 are closely related homeobox genes that are expressed in overlapping patterns in the paraxial mesoderm and its derivatives. Here we show that mice homozygous for a null mutation of Mox2 have a developmental defect of the limb musculature, characterized by an overall reduction in muscle mass and elimination of specific muscles. Mox2 is not needed for the migration of myogenic precursors into the limb bud, but it is essential for normal appendicular muscle formation and for the normal regulation of myogenic genes, as demonstrated by the downregulation of Pax3 and Myf5 but not MyoD in Mox2-deficient limb buds. Our findings show that the MOX2 homeoprotein is an important regulator of vertebrate limb myogenesis.     

大学英文写作举要

从大学英语写作选词、造句、组段的一般知识技巧入手 ,阐述了大学英语写作的方法和规律 .就如何写好描写文、叙述文、论述文和说明文四种文体做了潜心探索 .对提高学生的英文写作能力有一定指导意义     

肉鸭3-7周龄基础日粮优化配方研究

根据日粮中代谢能，粗蛋白质含量，试验设置7个组，用计算机优化出7套基础日粮配方，将749只14日龄仙湖3号瘦肉型鸭商品代健雏随机均分为7组，进行饲养试验，代谢试验与屠宰测定结果显示，本试验设置的第3，2组基础日粮配方均是肉鸭3－7周龄基础日粮优化配方。     

进行动物实验应遵循的基本原则

１引言尽管由于国家、文化背景和宗教信仰不同，人们对待动物的态度千差万别，但是，以科学研究为目的使用动物时，有一条根本原则，即负责任、合乎道德地使用动物。使研究结果具有可重复性、可比性、科学性。在科学探索中使用动物是一种贡献，而不是权力，对这种贡献必须...