The metabolism of biphenyl byPseudomonas putida

Riassunto La degradazione del bifenile da parte diPs. putida inizia con la formazione di un diolo cui si attribuisce la struttura di 2,3-diidro-2,3-diossibifenile, in quanto, per disidratazione a caldo con acido cloridrico, si trasforma in 2-ossibifenile e tracce di 3-ossibifenile. Il diolo viene ulteriormente degradato ad acido benzoico. Le cellule diPs. putida cresciute su bifenile sono simultaneamente indotte ad ossidare al Warburg il bifenile e l'acido benzoico, non il 3,4-diossibifenile e l'acido fenilpiruvico. Le stesse cellule contengono una metapirocatecasi costitutiva.

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This work was supported by a grant of C.N.R. (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), for the International Biological Program.     

Localization of the X inactivation centre on the human X chromosome in Xq13

X-chromosome inactivation results in the strictly cis-limited inactivation of many but not all genes on one of the two X chromosomes during early development in somatic cells of mammalian females. One feature of virtually all models of X inactivation is the existence of an X-inactivation centre (XIC) required in cis for inactivation to occur. This concept predicts that all structurally abnormal X chromosomes capable of being inactivated have in common a defineable region of the X chromosome. Here we report an analysis of several such rearranged human X chromosomes and define a minimal region of overlap. The results are consistent with models invoking a single XIC and provide a molecular foothold for cloning and analysing the XIC region. One of the markers that defines this region is the XIST gene, which is expressed specifically from inactive, but not active, X chromosomes. The localization of the XIST gene to the XIC region on the human X chromosome implicates XIST in some aspect of X inactivation.     

Immunological selection of tumour cells which have lost SV40 antigen expression.

In an already tumorigenic spontaneously transformed mouse cell, after further transformation by SV40, the virus-specific antigenic function becomes dominant. By transplantation into syngeneic mice SV40 antigen negative revertant tumour cells can be selected out.     

On the phospholipids of adultAncylostoma caninum

Summary The phospholipid composition ofAncylostoma caninum has been examined. Phospholipids amounted to 0.9% of the wet weight of the parasite. Ethanolamine and choline containing lipids comprised about 76% of the total phospholipids. Lysolecithin, sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl inositol and phosphatidyl serine were present in minor amounts. Cerebrosides and sulfatides were also identified.Acknowledgements. We wish to acknowledge the contributions of Mr Ashok Chopra in the initial part of this work. Thanks are due to Mr Adarsh Kumar for skilled assistance.     

Effects of sham-pinealectomy,performed under white and red light,on the melatonin content of rat pineal glands

Summary Sham-pinealectomy, performed under different light conditions in newborn and adult rats, is followed by changes of pineal activity resulting in variations of melatonin content. The pineal glands of rats sham-operated under white light produce significantly less melatonin. In contrast, glands of rats operated on under red light show a melatonin content corresponding to that of intact rats. This result implies that normal white light causes a disturbance in melatonin production by a non-retinal pathway.