Feeding ecology of the common sun skink,Eutropis multifasciata (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae), in the plains of central Vietnam

We studied the feeding ecology of Eutropis multifasciata in the tropical plains of central Vietnam to understand better the foraging mode, spatiotemporal and sexual variation in dietary composition, and rarefaction curves of prey-taxon richness for males and females. Stomach contents (n = 161) were collected from October 2013 to May 2014 using a nonlethal stomach-flushing technique. A total of 680 food items (624 animal items and 56 plant items) was found in 161 stomachs of skinks, representing 19 unique animal categories. We found that the diet of E. multifasciata is composed mainly of small, sedentary and clumped prey and that this skink specialises on spiders, insect larvae, snails, grasshoppers and crickets (with a combined importance index of 60%). Dietary composition, prey size and total prey volume in E. multifasciata changed between dry and rainy seasons and among regions. The total volume of food items consumed by males was larger than that of females, and the diversity and evenness index of prey categories were larger in males than in females. However, using rarefaction curves revealed that females have the higher prey-taxon richness after points between 130 and 140 prey items for frequency, and between 160 and 170 prey items for number of items, and the differences were not statistically significant. The foraging behaviour of E. multifasciata best fits a ‘widely foraging’ model.     

Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

Genome-wide association study of flowering time and grain yield traits in a worldwide collection of rice germplasm

A high-density haplotype map recently enabled a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a population of indica subspecies of Chinese rice landraces. Here we extend this methodology to a larger and more diverse sample of 950 worldwide rice varieties, including the Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica subspecies, to perform an additional GWAS. We identified a total of 32 new loci associated with flowering time and with ten grain-related traits, indicating that the larger sample increased the power to detect trait-associated variants using GWAS. To characterize various alleles and complex genetic variation, we developed an analytical framework for haplotype-based de novo assembly of the low-coverage sequencing data in rice. We identified candidate genes for 18 associated loci through detailed annotation. This study shows that the integrated approach of sequence-based GWAS and functional genome annotation has the potential to match complex traits to their causal polymorphisms in rice.     

不同船速比对改向避让效果的影响

为了研究船速比在船舶驾驶员制定改向避让决策时的影响,运用船舶相对运动几何原理建立船速比与改向避让施舵点、改向幅度之间的数学模型,分析不同目标交汇特征下船速比(K≥1)分别对施舵点和改向幅度的影响.仿真实验结果表明,船速比(K≥1.5)较大的情况下,本船按《国际海上避碰规则》(以下简称规则)改向避让的效果不显著,对左正横...     

钢筋混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的化学机理与防腐措施

分析阐述了钢筋混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的化学机理，并着重讨论了碳化反应和氯离子对钢筋腐蚀的影响规律，最后提出了防止钢筋腐蚀的技术措施。     

最优解耦综合控制及其在除氧器控制中的应用

本文基于W.A.Wolovich的最优解耦思想,提出了多变量离散系统的最优解耦综合控制规律,为计算机控制系统的解耦并且最优设计提供了理论依据。研制了用于多变量连续系统和离散系统的最优解耦综合控制的计算机辅助设计应用软件包,并成功地将其应用于火电厂除氧器群的解耦控制设计。     

Rayleigh波速的简化计算及其相应的弹性性质

分析了Ｓｔｒｏｈ方法，通过特征值的形式将二维变形的一般解表示出来。在此基础上，研究了弹性矩阵的物理意义及其结构，总结出一个新的计算表面波速的方法，最后讨论了Ｅｘｃｅｐｔｉｏｎａｌ极限状态。     

固定化增殖酵母糖蜜酒精连续发酵的研究

本研究采用海藻酸钙胶为载体,将糖蜜酒精酵母P396驯化株固定于2.5公升维型筛板生比反应器中,以甘蔗糖蜜为基质进行快速酒精连续发酵试验。证明该反应器能较好地解决CO_2滞留及CO_2与酒精对酵母发酵的抑制问题;探讨了该反应器连续发酵的动力学模型及发酵条件。发酵连续操作85天,平均产酒8.1×10~(-2)kg/L,平均生产能力1.5×10~(-2)kg/L·hr比游离细胞分批发酵效率提高17.4倍。     

变厚度导电板在恒定横向磁场中的自由振动

用摄动法研究了变厚度简支矩形板在恒定横向磁场中作梁—板型的自由振动问题。得到了自由振动频率、阻尼因子和挠度的近似解.     

手性液晶的研究——Ⅶ.苯基嘧啶类铁电液晶

合成了四个系列共十四个化合物,测定了它们的相变温度和相态,对部分化合物进行了电滞回线和螺距的测试,并比较了结构和性能的关系。其中(d)AmPA′Pm(Ⅱ)和(d)HpPA′Pm(Ⅳ)为室温铁电液晶,AP(d)Hp′Pm(Ⅲ)为胆甾相液晶,对产物进行了初步的混合配方探索。