Data association based on target signal classification information

In most of the passive tracking systems, only the target kinematical information is used in the measurement-to-track association, which results in error tracking in a multitarget environment, where the targets are too close to each other. To enhance the tracking accuracy, the target signal classification information （TSCI） should be used to improve the data association. The TSCI is integrated in the data association process using the JPDA （joint probabilistic data association）. The use of the TSCI in the data association can improve discrimination by yielding a purer track and preserving continuity. To verify the validity of the application of TSCI, two simulation experiments are done on an air target-tracing problem, that is, one using the TSCI and the other not using the TSCI. The final comparison shows that the use of the TSCI can effectively improve tracking accuracy.     

Mutations in the gene encoding the basal body protein RPGRIP1L, a nephrocystin-4 interactor, cause Joubert syndrome

Protein-protein interaction analyses have uncovered a ciliary and basal body protein network that, when disrupted, can result in nephronophthisis (NPHP), Leber congenital amaurosis, Senior-L?ken syndrome (SLSN) or Joubert syndrome (JBTS). However, details of the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders remain poorly understood. RPGRIP1-like protein (RPGRIP1L) is a homolog of RPGRIP1 (RPGR-interacting protein 1), a ciliary protein defective in Leber congenital amaurosis. We show that RPGRIP1L interacts with nephrocystin-4 and that mutations in the gene encoding nephrocystin-4 (NPHP4) that are known to cause SLSN disrupt this interaction. RPGRIP1L is ubiquitously expressed, and its protein product localizes to basal bodies. Therefore, we analyzed RPGRIP1L as a candidate gene for JBTS and identified loss-of-function mutations in three families with typical JBTS, including the characteristic mid-hindbrain malformation. This work identifies RPGRIP1L as a gene responsible for JBTS and establishes a central role for cilia and basal bodies in the pathophysiology of this disorder.     

Association scan of 14,500 nonsynonymous SNPs in four diseases identifies autoimmunity variants

We have genotyped 14,436 nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) and 897 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) tag SNPs from 1,000 independent cases of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and breast cancer (BC). Comparing these data against a common control dataset derived from 1,500 randomly selected healthy British individuals, we report initial association and independent replication in a North American sample of two new loci related to ankylosing spondylitis, ARTS1 and IL23R, and confirmation of the previously reported association of AITD with TSHR and FCRL3. These findings, enabled in part by increased statistical power resulting from the expansion of the control reference group to include individuals from the other disease groups, highlight notable new possibilities for autoimmune regulation and suggest that IL23R may be a common susceptibility factor for the major 'seronegative' diseases.     

Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla development

Fungiform taste papillae form a regular array on the dorsal tongue. Taste buds arise from papilla epithelium and, unusually for epithelial derivatives, synapse with neurons, release neurotransmitters and generate receptor and action potentials. Despite the importance of taste as one of our five senses, genetic analyses of taste papilla and bud development are lacking. We demonstrate that Wnt-beta-catenin signaling is activated in developing fungiform placodes and taste bud cells. A dominant stabilizing mutation of epithelial beta-catenin causes massive overproduction of enlarged fungiform papillae and taste buds. Likewise, genetic deletion of epithelial beta-catenin or inhibition of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling by ectopic dickkopf1 (Dkk1) blocks initiation of fungiform papilla morphogenesis. Ectopic papillae are innervated in the stabilizing beta-catenin mutant, whereas ectopic Dkk1 causes absence of lingual epithelial innervation. Thus, Wnt-beta-catenin signaling is critical for fungiform papilla and taste bud development. Altered regulation of this pathway may underlie evolutionary changes in taste papilla patterning.     

串联系统精确置信下限计算和奇点消除

本文通过对廖炯生提出的ＩＵＭＶＥ法的变差系数公式进行校正,重新对二部件串联系统的可靠性置信下限进行了计算,不仅消除掉大部分非正常点,而且也使计算结果更加合理,但仍存在着９个非正常点。我们利用系统的等价试验信息来消除非正常点,获得了令人满意的结果。     

适于大斜视角星载SAR系统的改进距离-多普勒算法

分析了当天线斜视角增大时,导致传统距离-多普勒成像算法性能下降的主要误差来源.提出了一种适合大斜视角星载SAR系统的改进距离-多普勒算法,并给出了处理仿真点目标数据得到图像质量的比较.结果表明,在大斜视角情况下,改进算法的性能远大于传统的距离\|多普勒成像算法.     

基于野外监测的阿娘寨滑坡自愈合特征

滑坡在地震、降雨和坡脚开挖时会发生慢速滑动,部分滑坡直接失稳破坏,但是部分慢速滑坡会慢慢变得稳定,呈休眠状态。目前,滑坡恢复稳定的自愈合过程外在表现和内在机制还研究较少,尤其是坡脚侵蚀型慢速滑坡的自愈合特征研究。2020年6月17日,四川省丹巴县梅龙沟爆发的泥石流堵塞小金川,形成泥石流-堰塞湖-溃决洪水灾害链,且溃决洪水掏蚀坡脚,导致阿娘寨古滑坡复活。通过对阿娘寨滑坡应急监测数据发现,阿娘寨古滑坡初期存在大变形,但后期变形逐渐稳定,存在强度恢复的自愈合现象。另外,数据表明滑坡的两次突然启动和小金川流量增大侵蚀坡脚相关,和地震和降雨关系不大。通过现场监测数据分析,滑坡刚发生时变形速率高达118 mm/h,本文建立的预测模型表明,在没有外在触发因素条件下,滑体会在8月21日左右变形速率低至1 mm/h。本文以阿娘寨滑坡为例,分析滑坡的变形过程和自愈合特征,并基于野外监测数据建立自愈合过程预测模型,该方法对于科学评估滑坡稳定性,减小滑坡防治设计成本具有重要意义。     

考虑地质分层约束的长短期记忆循环神经网络测井曲线重构

延长油田东部裸眼井区早期测井资料普遍只有自然电位（SP）、自然伽马（GR）及梯度电阻率(R2.5)三条曲线,因缺失声波（AC）、地层电阻率（RT）等测井曲线,难以满足精细油藏地质研究需求。东部裸眼井区开发时间长、单井产量低,重新测井缺乏可行性及经济性。采用长短期记忆循环神经网络(Long Short-Term Memory,LSTM)进行缺失测井曲线重构是一种经济有效方法,适用于地层测井序列数据。然而延长油田东部浅层油藏上覆黄土层段测井数据信号干扰大,直接应用模型精度较差。针对此问题,本文采用考虑地质分层约束的LSTM模型进行缺失测井曲线的重构,通过分层数据截取每口井长6层段测井数据作为样本数据,既保留了LSTM模型处理序列数据的优势,同时又避免了上覆黄土层测井数据对模型的干扰。利用裸眼井区完整测井数据进行模型训练优化和验证,讨论了考虑地质分层约束的LSTM测井曲线重构精度,结果表明通过引入地质分层约束,模型重构测井曲线精度更高。应用优化后模型实现裸眼井区50口仅有GR、SP、R2.5三条曲线数据井的AC、RT曲线重构,对50口井的142个射孔段进行二次解释,对比试油解释结论符合率达到89.4%,验证了该方法对测井曲线重构的实用性和有效性。     

基于遗传算法优化机器学习模型的地下水潜在性预测

传统机器学习模型在地下水潜在性预测中,未考虑最优因子组合,会对地下水潜在性制图产生不利影响。为此,提出了遗传算法优化支持向量机的地下水潜在性预测方法。以云南省彝良县为研究区,从地形、水文、土壤、地质等方面选取了共15个影响因子;考虑模型性能和影响因子的作用,利用遗传优化算法筛选了包含11个影响因子的最优因子组合;然后使用支持向量机方法构建了地下水潜在性预测模型;最后计算了因子优化前后的模型准确度和受试者工作特性曲线下面积（area under curve,AUC）,并绘制了模型的受试者工作特性（receiver operating characteristic,ROC）曲线和地下水潜在性预测图。结果表明：因子优化前模型的准确度为0.774,验证集AUC为0.789,因子优化后模型的准确度为0.777,验证集AUC为0.806,分别提高了0.003和0.017。可见,所提方法的准确性、可靠性优于传统的支持向量机法,其结果可以为区域水文地质调查和地下水资源管理与规划提供科学参考。     

西安中深层同轴套管换热井取热能力及热影响半径

深井换热技术是目前公认最环保的地热能开发利用技术,以同轴套管换热井最常见,取热能力和影响半径是这一技术推广过程中存在争议且急需解决的问题。以西安草滩2500m深同轴套管换热井为研究对象,基于实测地层温度和围岩热物性参数,通过原位测试及数值模拟技术,分析换热井的取热能力,探讨换热过程中围岩地层温度变化特征及范围。结果表明:目标换热井30年可持续取热功率可达350kW,平均延米140W/m;围岩地温衰减程度和范围随着取热功率增大而增大;换热井不同深度影响半径不同,深部地层整体大于浅部,350kW取热功率下取热30年最大地温影响半径可达110m。