一种数据表实时备份系统的高速缓存方法

通过分析Oracle数据表实时备份系统中本地数据的生成速度和网络速度的不匹配所引发的问题,提出了一种基于内存映射文件的高速缓存方法.该方法通过与指针访问动态内存相同的方式来访问磁盘上的文件,从而实现快速高效地读写数据.并引入了一种基于二分法的探测报文速率的带宽测量技术,使系统能动态地适应网络状态.实验表明,该方法不但能使系统具有良好的实时性,而且保证了系统在不同网络状态下具有良好的稳定性和动态适应能力.     

盆栽滨梅幼苗对NaCl胁迫的响应

通过对滨梅(Prunus maritima)幼苗进行NaCl胁迫试验,研究滨梅生长及生理状况的变化规律。结果表明：(1)滨梅生物量随NaCl处理浓度升高呈先升后降的趋势,浓度过高则抑制植物生长。(2)随处理浓度的增加,滨梅叶的丙二醛含量和相对电导率均有不同程度的升高;脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量也呈上升趋势;而过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性和根活力均在浇灌水中NaCl质量浓度为6 g/L时达到最大,9 g/L时又显著减小。(3)净光合速率、水分利用效率、表观光合电子传递速率和实际光化学效率随浓度递增均呈先升后降的趋势,质量浓度为6 g/L时最大,而胞间CO2浓度则与上述光合指标的变化趋势相反。综上所述,滨梅耐盐性较强,在6 g/L NaCl处理下长势依然较好。     

Locomotion behavior and dynamics of geckos freely moving on the ceiling

To understand the mechanical interactions when geckos move on ceiling and to obtain an inspiration on the controlling strategy of gecko-like robot, we measured the ceiling reaction force (CRF) of freely moving geckos on ceiling substrate by a 3-dimensional force measuring array and simultaneously recorded the locomotion behaviors by a high speed camera. CRF and the preload force (F_P) generated by the geckos were obtained and the functions and the differences between forces generated by fore- and hind- feet were discussed. The results showed that the speed of gecko moving on the ceiling was 0.17–0.48 m/s, all of the fore- and hind-legs pulled toward the body center. When geckos attached on the ceiling incipiently, the feet generated a very small incipient F_P and this fine F_P could bring about enough adhesive normal force and tangential force to make the gecko moving on ceiling safely .The F_P of the fore-feet is larger than that of the hind-feet. The lateral CRF of the fore-feet is almost the same as that of the hind-feet’s. The fore-aft CRF generated by the fore-feet directed to the motion direction and drove their locomotion, but the force generated by the hind-feet directed against the motion direction. The normal CRF of fore- and hind-feet accounted for 73.4% and 60.6% of the body weight respectively. Measurements show that the fore-aft CRF is obviously lager than the lateral and normal CRF and plays a major role in promoting the fore-feet, while the hind-feet of the main role are to provide a smooth movement. The results indicate that due to the differences of the locomotion function of each foot between different surfaces, the gecko can freely move on ceiling surfaces, which inspires the structure designing, gait planning and control developing for gecko-like robot.     

Determining factors in potential evapotranspiration changes over China in the period 1971–2008

Potential evapotranspiration (ET_o) is important to hydrological cycling and the global energy balance. Based on a modified FAO56-Penman-Monteith model, ET_o was simulated for 603 meteorological stations across China in the period 1971–2008. Spatial distribution and temporal change of ET_o were characterized, and the determining factors in ET_o were revealed by sensitivity analysis. Results show obvious regional differences in annual average ET_o and its determining factor. In general, annual average ET_o decreased in the period 1971–2008, but increased since the 1990s. Wind speed and sunshine duration were determining factors in the annual ET_o trend, with smaller contributions from relative humidity and temperature. Declining wind speed was the determining factor in decreasing annual ET_o in northern temperate regions and the Tibetan Plateau. The spatial extent of wind speed influence contracted to northwest China in summer, and expanded to the whole country in autumn. Decreasing sunshine duration was the determining factor in decreasing annual ET_o in subtropical and tropical regions, especially in summer, with a larger spatial influence mainly to the southeast of the farming-pastoral region. ET_o change has distinct impacts on earth surface ecosystems and environment depending on different determining factors.     

浅谈公路防抗雨雪冰冻灾害

防抗雨雪冰冻灾害是公路冬季养护工作的重点,为提高公路系统应对雨雪冰冻灾害的快速反应能力,有组织、有计划、有步骤地开展抗灾抢险工作,保障公路在雨雪冰冻灾害期间安全畅通,把灾害损失减少到最低程度,结合本段公路实际情况,对应急组织与管理、做法和经验、建议等方面进行了简单的阐述.     

浅谈对吉林市博物馆市场化发展的几点认识

近年来.博物馆事业蓬勃发展.吉林市博物馆通过创新化运作,不仅兼顾了经济效益与社会效益,而且促进了自身的良性循环发展.     

RANK ligand mediates progestin-induced mammary epithelial proliferation and carcinogenesis

RANK ligand (RANKL), a TNF-related molecule, is essential for osteoclast formation, function and survival through interaction with its receptor RANK. Mammary glands of RANK- and RANKL-deficient mice develop normally during sexual maturation, but fail to form lobuloalveolar structures during pregnancy because of defective proliferation and increased apoptosis of mammary epithelium. It has been shown that RANKL is responsible for the major proliferative response of mouse mammary epithelium to progesterone during mammary lactational morphogenesis, and in mouse models, manipulated to induce activation of the RANK/RANKL pathway in the absence of strict hormonal control, inappropriate mammary proliferation is observed. However, there is no evidence so far of a functional contribution of RANKL to tumorigenesis. Here we show that RANK and RANKL are expressed within normal, pre-malignant and neoplastic mammary epithelium, and using complementary gain-of-function (mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV)-RANK transgenic mice) and loss-of function (pharmacological inhibition of RANKL) approaches, define a direct contribution of this pathway in mammary tumorigenesis. Accelerated pre-neoplasias and increased mammary tumour formation were observed in MMTV-RANK transgenic mice after multiparity or treatment with carcinogen and hormone (progesterone). Reciprocally, selective pharmacological inhibition of RANKL attenuated mammary tumour development not only in hormone- and carcinogen-treated MMTV-RANK and wild-type mice, but also in the MMTV-neu transgenic spontaneous tumour model. The reduction in tumorigenesis upon RANKL inhibition was preceded by a reduction in pre-neoplasias as well as rapid and sustained reductions in hormone- and carcinogen-induced mammary epithelial proliferation and cyclin D1 levels. Collectively, our results indicate that RANKL inhibition is acting directly on hormone-induced mammary epithelium at early stages in tumorigenesis, and the permissive contribution of progesterone to increased mammary cancer incidence is due to RANKL-dependent proliferative changes in the mammary epithelium. The current study highlights a potential role for RANKL inhibition in the management of proliferative breast disease.     

中国冰箱行业淘汰CFCs 的环境效益分析

以无《蒙特利尔议定书》的情景为基线情景, 从消耗臭氧层物质排放、温室气体排放及冰箱耗电量角度分析中国冰箱行业履约淘汰 CFCs 产生的环境效益。结果表明,截至2008年底,中国冰箱行业淘汰 CFCs已实现减排 273.5 MtCO₂-eq 和 4.7×10⁴t ODP; 2008 年后还将减排 619.8 MtCO₂-eq 和 1.0×10⁵t ODP;通过采用更加节能的制冷剂,截至 2008 年底累计节电 2.8×10¹⁰ kWh, 折合减排 24.2MtCO₂-eq,对中国节约资源和节能减排具有十分重要的现实意义。     

大岩湾高速铁路隧道岩爆综合分析预测

针对沪昆高速铁路大岩湾隧道埋深大、岩性脆而坚硬的特点,选取隧道典型断面进行了水压致裂地应力原位测试,获得了实测深度范围内地应力的大小和方向。为对隧道全线进行岩爆预测预警,在地应力测试的基础上,采用弹性应变能指数法、应力强度比法、有限元反演法对隧道岩爆进行分析。最后,以大岩湾隧道地应力条件、岩性特征、围岩结构特征、地下水条件四个方面为基本条件,对隧道岩爆进行了综合分析预测。结果表明:该综合预测方法的准确度较以往单一的岩爆预测方法有了很大提高,对隧道岩爆预测预警有很好的实际指导意义。     

数据分布特性对空调系统能耗预测的影响

空调系统能耗预测是实现智能调控、能源需求管理、系统节能的重要手段和前提之一,当前的空调系统能耗预测主要是基于机器学习算法。诸多机器学习算法的重要理论前提是数据的分布应尽量满足正态分布,然而空调系统的实际运行数据很少能满足正态分布特性,目前的研究鲜有涉及数据分布特性对空调系统能耗预测的影响。首先基于实际项目的空调系统能耗数据,从偏度和峰度两个指标分析了实际能耗数据分布与正态分布呈现出的偏离;然后通过对数变换对能耗数据进行数据变换,使能耗数据更接近于正态分布;接着以常见的4种能耗预测机器学习算法(广义线性回归算法、支持向量回归算法、人工神经网络算法、随机森林算法)对原始数据和经过数据变换后的数据分别进行空调系统能耗预测工作,分析负荷预测结果的RMSE和R~2统计量。结果对比发现,数据的分布特性对能耗预测有着重要的影响,合适的数据变换可以有效地提高空调系统能耗预测机器学习算法模型的预测效果。